合欢花

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为豆科植物合欢Albizia julibrissin Durazz.的干燥花序或花蕾。夏季花开放时择晴天采收或花蕾形成时采收，及时晒干。前者习称“合欢花”，后者习称“合欢米”。
Albizia Flower is the dried inflorescence or flower bud of Albizia julibrissin Durazz. (Fam. Leguminosae). The drug is collected in summer when the flowers are in full bloom or when the flower buds are formed, and dried promptly. The former is known as "Hehuanhua" and the latter as "Hehuanmi".

性状 Description

合欢花 Albizia Flower

头状花序，皱缩成团。总花梗长3～4cm，有时与花序脱离，黄绿色，有纵纹，被稀疏毛茸。花全体密被毛茸，细长而弯曲，长0.7～1cm，淡黄色或黄褐色，无花梗或几无花梗。花萼筒状，先端有5小齿；花冠筒长约为萼筒的2倍，先端5裂，裂片披针形；雄蕊多数，花丝细长，黄棕色至黄褐色，下部合生，上部分离，伸出花冠筒外。气微香，味淡。
Albizia Flower is a head-like inflorescence, wrinkled and clustered. The peduncle is 3-4 cm long, sometimes detached from the inflorescence, yellowish-green with longitudinal ridges, sparsely hairy. The flowers are covered with fine, long, and curved hairs, 0.7-1 cm long, pale yellow or yellowish-brown, without or with very short pedicels. The calyx is tubular with 5 small teeth at the apex; the corolla tube is about twice as long as the calyx tube, with 5 lanceolate lobes at the apex; the stamens are numerous, with slender filaments, yellowish-brown to yellowish-brown, connate at the base and free at the upper part, extending out of the corolla tube. It has a slight fragrance and a mild taste.

合欢米 Albizia Flower Bud

呈棒槌状，长2～6mm，膨大部分直径约2mm，淡黄色至黄褐色，全体被毛茸，花梗极短或无。花萼筒状，先端有5小齿；花冠未开放；雄蕊多数，细长并弯曲，基部连合，包于花冠内。气微香，味淡。
Albizia Flower Bud is club-shaped, 2-6 mm long, with the swollen part about 2 mm in diameter, pale yellow to yellowish-brown, covered with fine hairs, and with very short or no pedicels. The calyx is tubular with 5 small teeth at the apex; the corolla is unopened; the stamens are numerous, slender and curved, connate at the base, and enclosed within the corolla. It has a slight fragrance and a mild taste.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末灰黄色。非腺毛单细胞，长81～447μm。草酸钙方晶较多，存在于薄壁细胞中，直径3～31μm。复合花粉粒呈扁球形，为16合体，直径81～146μm，外围8个围在四周；单个分体呈类方形或长球形。
(1) The powder of Albizia Flower is grayish-yellow. Non-glandular hairs are single-celled, 81-447 μm long. Calcium oxalate prisms are more abundant and exist in thin-walled cells, with a diameter of 3-31 μm. Compound pollen grains are flattened spheres, 16-celled, with a diameter of 81-146 μm, with 8 cells arranged around the periphery; individual cells are square or elongated spheres.

（2）取本品粉末0.6g，加70%乙醇30ml，加热回流1小时，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加水25ml使溶解，用水饱和的正丁醇振摇提取2次，每次30ml，合并正丁醇液，蒸干，残渣加甲醇10ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取合欢花对照药材0.6g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取槲皮苷对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.5mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述三种溶液各1μl，分别点于同一聚酰胺薄膜上，以甲苯-乙酸乙酯-88%甲酸-水（1∶8∶1∶1）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以三氯化铝试液，热风吹约1分钟，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
(2) To 0.6g of the powder add 30 ml of 70% ethanol, heat under reflux for 1 hour, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 25 ml of water, extract with two 30-ml portions of water-saturated n-butanol, combine the n-butanol extracts, evaporate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 10 ml of methanol as the test solution. Take 0.6g of Albizia Flower as the reference material, and prepare the reference material solution by the same method. Take rutin CRS as the reference substance, dissolve it in methanol to produce a solution containing 0.5 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using polyamide film as the coating substance and the upper layer solution of toluene-ethyl acetate-88% formic acid-water (1:8:1:1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 1 μl of each of the above three solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a solution of aluminum chloride in chloroform, blow with hot air for about 1 minute, and examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The fluorescent spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatograms obtained with the reference material and the reference solution.

检查 Examination

杂质 Impurities

不得过2%（通则2301）。
Not more than 2.0 per cent <2301>.

水分 Water

不得过15.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 15.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过10.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 10.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过3.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 3.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于25.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the hot maceration method>, using diluted ethanol as the solvent,not less than 25.0 per cent.

含量测定 Content determination

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for determination of content by high-performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液（25∶75）为流动相；检测波长为256nm。理论板数按槲皮苷峰计算应不低于3000。
Use octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel as the filler; use acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (25:75) as the mobile phase; detect at a wavelength of 256nm. The theoretical number of plates calculated based on the peak of quercetin should not be less than 3000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取槲皮苷对照品适量，精密称定，加稀乙醇制成每1ml含60μg的溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of quercetin reference substance, accurately weigh, add diluted ethanol to make a solution containing 60μg per 1ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过三号筛）约0.25g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入稀乙醇50ml，称定重量，加热回流30分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用稀乙醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 0.25g of the powder of this product (passed through a No. 3 sieve), accurately weigh, place it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 50ml of diluted ethanol, weigh, heat under reflux for 30 minutes, cool, weigh again, make up for the weight loss with diluted ethanol, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate.

测定法 Determination method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately take 10μl of the reference solution and the test solution, respectively, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品按干燥品计算，含槲皮苷（C21H20O11）不得少于1.0%。
Calculated on the dried product, the content of quercetin (C21H20O11) should not be less than 1.0 per cent.

性 Property

平。
Neutral.

味 Flavor

甘。
Sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归心、肝经。
Heart and liver meridians.

功能 Actions

解郁安神。
To relieve depression and calm the mind.

主治 Indications

用于心神不安，忧郁失眠。
Used for restlessness of the mind, depression, and insomnia.

用量 Dosage

5～10g。
5-10 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处。
Store in a well-ventilated and dry place.

合欢花

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为豆科植物合欢Albizia julibrissin Durazz.的干燥花序或花蕾。夏季花开放时择晴天采收或花蕾形成时采收，及时晒干。前者习称“合欢花”，后者习称“合欢米”。
Albizia Flower is the dried inflorescence or flower bud of Albizia julibrissin Durazz, (Fam. Leguminosae). The drug is collected in summer when flowering on fine days, or when flower buds are forming and dried in the sun in time. The former is commonly known as “Hehuanhua“, and the latter “Hehuanmi“.

性状 Description

合欢花
头状花序，皱缩成团。总花梗长3～4cm，有时与花序脱离，黄绿色，有纵纹，被稀疏毛茸。花全体密被毛茸，细长而弯曲，长0.7～1cm，淡黄色或黄褐色，无花梗或几无花梗。花萼筒状，先端有5小齿；花冠筒长约为萼筒的2倍，先端5裂，裂片披针形；雄蕊多数，花丝细长，黄棕色至黄褐色，下部合生，上部分离，伸出花冠筒外。气微香，味淡。

合欢米
呈棒槌状，长2～6mm，膨大部分直径约2mm，淡黄色至黄褐色，全体被毛茸，花梗极短或无。花萼筒状，先端有5小齿；花冠未开放；雄蕊多数，细长并弯曲，基部连合，包于花冠内。气微香，味淡。

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末灰黄色。非腺毛单细胞，长81～447µm。草酸钙方晶较多，存在于薄壁细胞中，直径3～31µm。复合花粉粒呈扁球形，为16合体，直径81～146µm，外围8个围在四周；单个分体呈类方形或长球形。
(1) Powder: Greyish-yellow. Non-glandular hairs unicellular, 81-447 μm long. Prisms of calcium oxalate frequently occurring in the parenchymatous cells, 3-31 μm in diameter. Compound pollen grains oblate, 16 polysomic, 81- 146 μm in diameter, the central 8 monosomic arranged in cruciform and surrounded by the other 8 monosomic; individual monosomic subsquare or long-spherical.

（2）取本品粉末0.6g，加70%乙醇30ml，加热回流1小时，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加水25ml使溶解，用水饱和的正丁醇振摇提取2次，每次30ml，合并正丁醇液，蒸干，残渣加甲醇10ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取合欢花对照药材0.6g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取槲皮苷对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.5mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述三种溶液各1µl，分别点于同一聚酰胺薄膜上，以甲苯-乙酸乙酯-88%甲酸-水（1：8：1：1）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以三氯化铝试液，热风吹约1分钟，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
(2)To 0.6 g of the powder add 30 ml of 70% ethanol, heat under reflux for 1 hour, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 25 ml of water, extract by shaking with two 30-ml quantities of n-butanol saturated with water. Combine the n-butanol extracts, evaporate to Dryness, and dissolve the residue in 10 ml of methanol as the test solution. Prepare a solution of 0.6 g of Albiziae Flos reference drug in the same manner as the reference drug Solution. Dissolve quercitroside CRS in methanol to produce a solution containing 0.5 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using polyamide as the coating substance and the upper layer of a mixture of toluene, ethyl acetate, 88% formic acid and water (1:8:1:1) as the mobile phase.Apply separately 1 μl of each of the above three solutions to the film. After developing and removal of the plate,dry it in air,spray with aluminum chloride TS, dry in a current of hot air for 1 minute. Examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm, the fluorescent spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug solution; the fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.

检查 Examination

杂质 Foreign matter

不得过2%（通则2301）。
Not more than 2 per cent <2301>.

水分 Water

不得过15.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 15.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过10.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 10.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过3.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 3.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于25.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201,the hot extraction method>, using dilute ethanol as the solvent, not less than 25.0 per cent.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid Chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验
以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液（25：75）为流动相；检测波长为256nm。理论板数按槲皮苷峰计算应不低于3000。

对照品溶液的制备
取槲皮苷对照品适量，精密称定，加稀乙醇制成每1ml含60µg的溶液，即得。

供试品溶液的制备
取本品粉末（过三号筛）约0.25g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入稀乙醇50ml，称定重量，加热回流30分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用稀乙醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。

测定法
分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10µl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。

性味与归经 Property and Flavor

甘，平。归心、肝经。
Neutral; sweet. Heart and liver meridians.

功能与主治 Actions and Indications

解郁安神。用于心神不安，忧郁失眠。
To relieve depression and tranquilize the mind. Disquieted heart spirit, depression and insomnia.

用法与用量 Administration and dosage

5～10g。
5-10 g.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处。
Preserve in a ventilated and dry place.