人参

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为五加科植物人参Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.的干燥根和根茎。多于秋季采挖，洗净经晒干或烘干。栽培的俗称“园参”；播种在山林野生状态下自然生长的称“林下山参”，习称“籽海”。
Ginseng Root and Rhizome is the dried root and rhizome of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. (Fam. Araliaceae). It is collected in autumn, washed clean, and dried in the sun or by baking. Cultivated ginseng is commonly known as "Yuan Shen", while ginseng grown naturally in forests is called "Lin Xia Shan Shen" or "Zi Hai".

性状 Description

主根呈纺锤形或圆柱形，长3～15cm，直径1～2cm。表面灰黄色，上部或全体有疏浅断续的粗横纹及明显的纵皱，下部有支根2～3条，并着生多数细长的须根，须根上常有不明显的细小疣状突出。根茎（芦头）长1～4cm，直径0.3～1.5cm，多拘挛而弯曲，具不定根（艼）和稀疏的凹窝状茎痕（芦碗）。质较硬，断面淡黄白色，显粉性，形成层环纹棕黄色，皮部有黄棕色的点状树脂道及放射状裂隙。香气特异，味微苦、甘。
The main root is spindle-shaped or cylindrical, 3-15 cm long and 1-2 cm in diameter. The surface is grayish-yellow, with scattered shallow coarse transverse ridges and obvious longitudinal wrinkles on the upper part or the whole. There are 2-3 lateral roots at the lower part, and numerous slender adventitious roots are attached to the lateral roots, often with inconspicuous small tuberculate protrusions. The rhizome (lu tou) is 1-4 cm long and 0.3-1.5 cm in diameter, mostly twisted and curved, with adventitious roots (ding) and sparse concave stem scars (lu wan). The texture is relatively hard, the section is pale yellowish-white, with a powdery appearance, the cambium ring is brownish-yellow, the cortex has yellowish-brown resin canals and radial cracks. It has a characteristic aroma and a slightly bitter and sweet taste.

或主根多与根茎近等长或较短，呈圆柱形、菱角形或人字形，长1～6cm。表面灰黄色，具纵皱纹，上部或中下部有环纹。支根多为2～3条，须根少而细长，清晰不乱，有较明显的疣状突起。根茎细长，少数粗短，中上部具稀疏或密集而深陷的茎痕。不定根较细，多下垂。
Alternatively, the main root is approximately equal to or shorter than the rhizome, and is cylindrical, rhomboid, or zigzag-shaped, 1-6 cm long. The surface is grayish-yellow with longitudinal wrinkles, and there are ring marks on the upper or middle-lower part. There are 2-3 lateral roots, and the adventitious roots are few and slender, clear and orderly, with relatively obvious tuberculate protrusions. The rhizome is slender, with a few thick and short parts, and the middle-upper part has sparse or dense and deep stem scars. The adventitious roots are relatively thin and mostly drooping.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品横切面：木栓层为数列细胞。栓内层窄。韧皮部外侧有裂隙，内侧薄壁细胞排列较紧密，有树脂道散在，内含黄色分泌物。形成层成环。木质部射线宽广，导管单个散在或数个相聚，断续排列成放射状，导管旁偶有非木化的纤维。薄壁细胞含草酸钙簇晶。
The transverse section of the drug shows several layers of cork cells. The inner layer of cork is narrow. The outer side of the cortex has cracks, and the inner side has thin-walled cells arranged more closely, with scattered resin canals containing yellowish secretions. The cambium forms a ring. The xylem rays are wide, and the vessels are single or several adjacent, arranged intermittently in a radial pattern, with occasional non-lignified fibers beside the vessels. The thin-walled cells contain clusters of calcium oxalate crystals.

粉末淡黄白色。树脂道碎片易见，含黄色块状分泌物。草酸钙簇晶直径20～68μm，棱角锐尖。木栓细胞表面观类方形或多角形，壁细波状弯曲。网纹导管和梯纹导管直径10～56μm。淀粉粒甚多，单粒类球形、半圆形或不规则多角形，直径4～20μm，脐点点状或裂缝状;复粒由2～6分粒组成。
The powder is pale yellowish-white. Fragments of resin canals are easily visible, containing yellowish block-like secretions. The diameter of calcium oxalate crystals is 20-68μm, with sharp edges and corners. The surface of cork cells is square or polygonal, with fine undulating walls. The diameter of reticulate vessels and scalariform vessels is 10-56μm. There are many starch grains, which are single, spherical, semi-circular, or irregularly polygonal, with a diameter of 4-20μm, and with a point-like or fissure-like hilum; compound grains consist of 2-6 granules.

（2）取本品粉末1g，加三氯甲烷40ml，加热回流1小时，弃去三氯甲烷液，药渣挥干溶剂，加水0.5ml搅拌湿润，加水饱和正丁醇10ml，超声处理30分钟，吸取上清液加3倍量氨试液，摇匀，放置分层，取上层液蒸干，残渣加甲醇1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取人参对照药材1g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取人参皂苷Rb1对照品、人参皂苷Re对照品、人参皂苷Rf对照品及人参皂苷Rg1对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml各含2mg的混合溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述三种溶液各1～2μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以三氯甲烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-水（15：40：22：10）10℃以下放置的下层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%硫酸乙醇溶液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰，分别置日光和紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应位置上，分别显相同颜色的斑点或荧光斑点。
Take 1g of the powder, add 40ml of chloroform, heat under reflux for 1 hour, discard the chloroform liquid, evaporate the residue to dryness, add 0.5ml of water and stir to moisten, add 10ml of saturated n-butanol, and treat with ultrasound for 30 minutes. Extract the supernatant with 3 times the volume of ammonia test solution, shake well, let it stand to form layers, take the upper layer and evaporate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1ml of methanol as the test solution. Take 1g of the reference drug, ginseng, and prepare the reference drug solution using the same method. Take the reference substances Ginsenoside Rb1, Ginsenoside Re, Ginsenoside Rf, and Ginsenoside Rg1, and prepare a mixed solution containing 2mg of each substance per 1ml as the reference solution. Perform the thin-layer chromatography test<0502> using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of chloroform-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (15:40:22:10) as the mobile phase, which is placed below 10°C. After development, remove the plate, dry it, and spray with a 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol. Heat at 105°C until the spots are clearly visible, and examine under daylight and ultraviolet light at 365nm. In the chromatogram of the test solution, spots or fluorescent spots of the same color appear at the corresponding positions as those in the chromatograms of the reference drug and the reference substances.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过5.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.

重金属及有害元素 Heavy metals and harmful elements

照铅、镉、砷、汞、铜测定法（通则 2321原子吸收分光光度法或电感耦合等离子体质谱法）测 定，铅不得过5mg/kg；镉不得过lmg/kg；砷不得过2mg/kg；汞不得过0.2mg/kg；铜不得过20mg/kg。
Determine according to the method for determination of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, and copper <2321, atomic absorption spectrophotometry or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry>. The lead content should not exceed 5mg/kg; the cadmium content should not exceed 1mg/kg; the arsenic content should not exceed 2mg/kg; the mercury content should not exceed 0.2mg/kg; the copper content should not exceed 20mg/kg.

其他有机氯类农药残留量 Residue of other organochlorine pesticides

照气相色谱法（通则0521） 测定。
Determine according to the method for determination of organochlorine pesticides by gas chromatography <0521>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

分析柱：以键合交联14% 氰丙基苯基二甲基硅氧烷为固定液（DM1701或同类型）的毛细管柱（30m×0. 32mm×0. 25μm），验证柱：以键合交联5% 苯基甲基硅氧烷为固定液（DB5或同类型）的毛细管柱（30m×0.32mm×0.25μm） ；63Ni-ECD电子捕获检测器；进样口温度230℃，检测器温度300℃ ，不分流进样。程序升温:初始温度60℃，保持0.3分钟，以每分钟60℃升至170℃，再以每分钟10℃升至220℃，保持10分钟，再以每分钟1℃升至240℃，再以每分钟15℃升至280℃，保持5分钟。理论板数按α-BHC峰计算[1]应不低于1×105，两个相邻色谱峰的分离度应大于1.5。
Analytical column: capillary column with 14% cyanopropylphenylmethylpolysiloxane bonded stationary phase (DM1701 or similar type) (30m×0.32mm×0.25μm), verification column: capillary column with 5% phenylmethylpolysiloxane bonded stationary phase (DB5 or similar type) (30m×0.32mm×0.25μm); 63Ni-ECD electron capture detector; injection port temperature 230℃, detector temperature 300℃, splitless injection. Programmed temperature rise: initial temperature 60℃, hold for 0.3 minutes, increase to 170℃ at a rate of 60℃ per minute, then increase to 220℃ at a rate of 10℃ per minute, hold for 10 minutes, then increase to 240℃ at a rate of 1℃ per minute, then increase to 280℃ at a rate of 15℃ per minute, hold for 5 minutes. The theoretical plate number calculated based on the α-BHC peak should not be less than 1×105, and the separation factor between two adjacent chromatographic peaks should be greater than 1.5.

混合对照品储备液的制备 Preparation of mixed control stock solution

分别精密称取五氯硝基苯、六氯苯、七氯（七氯、环氧七氯）、氯丹（顺式氯丹、反式氯丹、氧化氯丹）农药对照品适量，用正己烷溶解分别制成每1ml约含100μg的溶液。精密量取上述对照品溶液各1ml，置同一 100ml量瓶中，加正己烷至刻度，摇匀；或精密量取有机氯农药混合对照品溶液1ml，置10ml量瓶中，加正己烷至刻度，摇匀，即得（每1ml含各农药对照品lμg）。
Weigh the appropriate amount of pesticide controls of quintozene, hexachlorobenzene, heptachlor (heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide), chlordane (cis-chlordane, trans-chlordane, oxidised chlordane), dissolve with hexane to make a solution containing about 100 μg per 1 ml, or take 1 ml of each of the above control solutions and put them in the same 100 ml measuring flask with hexane to the scale and shake well. Precisely measure 1ml of each of the above control solution, put in the same 100ml measuring flask, add hexane to the scale, shake well; or precisely measure 1ml of organochlorine pesticide mixed control solution, put in a 10ml measuring flask, add hexane to the scale, shake well, that is to say, (each 1ml contains lμg of each pesticide control).

混合对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of mixed control solution

精密量取上述混合对照品储备液，用正己烷制成每1ml分别含lng、2ng、5ng、10ng、20ng、 50ng 、100ng的溶液，即得。
Precisely measure the above mixed control stock solution, use hexane to make a solution containing lng, 2ng, 5ng, 10ng, 20ng, 50ng, 100ng per 1ml respectively, that is to say, it is obtained.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品，粉碎成细粉（过二号筛），取 约5g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，加水30ml，振摇10分钟， 精密加丙酮50ml，称定重量，超声处理（功率300W，频率 40kHz）30分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用丙酮补足减失的重量，再加氯化钠约8g，精密加二氯甲烷25ml，称定重量，超声处理 （功率300W，频率40kHz） 15分钟，再称定重量，用二氯甲烷补足减失的重量，振摇使氯化钠充分溶解，静置，转移至离心管中，离心（每分钟3000转）3分钟，使完全分层，将有机相转移至装有适量无水硫酸钠的具塞锥形瓶中，放置30分钟。精 密量取15ml，置40℃水浴中减压浓缩至约1ml，加正己烷约5ml，减压浓缩至近干，用正己烷溶解并转移至5ml量瓶中， 并稀释至刻度，摇匀，转移至离心管中，缓缓加入硫酸溶液 （9→10）lml，振摇1分钟，离心（每分钟3000转）10分钟，分取上清液，加水1ml，振摇，取上清液，即得。
Take this product, crushed into fine powder (through the second sieve), take about 5g, precision weighing, put in a stoppered conical flask, add 30ml of water, shake for 10 minutes, add 50ml of acetone, weighing, ultrasonication (power of 300W, frequency of 40kHz) for 30 minutes, cool, weighing, make up for the loss of weight with acetone, and then add about 8g of sodium chloride, adding methylene chloride 25ml, weighing, and then transferring to the ultrasonication (power of 300W, frequency of 40kHz) for 15 minutes, let stand, make up for the loss of weight with acetone. Weigh, ultrasonic treatment (power 300W, frequency 40kHz) 15 minutes, weigh again, use methylene chloride to make up for the loss of weight, shake to make sodium chloride fully dissolved, let stand, transfer to a centrifuge tube, centrifugation (3,000 revolutions per minute) for 3 minutes to make a complete delamination, the organic phase is transferred to a stoppered conical flask containing an appropriate amount of anhydrous sodium sulphate, and let stand for 30 minutes. Take 15 ml in a precise amount, put it in a 40℃ water bath and concentrate it under reduced pressure to about 1 ml, add about 5 ml of hexane, concentrate it under reduced pressure to almost dry, dissolve it in hexane and transfer it to a 5 ml measuring flask and dilute it to the scale, shake it well, transfer it to a centrifuge tube, slowly add sulphuric acid solution (9→10) lml, shake for 1 minute and centrifuge it (3,000 revolutions per minute) for 10 minutes, take the supernatant, add 1 ml of water, shake it, take the supernatant and add 1 ml of water. Add 1ml of water, shake well, take the supernatant, that is obtained.

测定法 Assay method

分别精密吸取供试品溶液和与之相应浓度的混合对照品溶液各1μl，注入气相色谱仪，分别连续进样3次，取 3次平均值，按外标法计算，即得。
Pipette the test solution and the corresponding concentration of the mixed control solution 1μl, injected into the gas chromatograph, respectively, continuous injection 3 times, take the average of the 3 times, according to the method of external standard calculation, that is, obtained.

本品中含五氯硝基苯不得过0. lmg/kg；六氯苯不得过0.1mg/kg；七氯（七氯、环氧七氯之和）不得过0. 05mg/kg；氯 丹（顺式氯丹、反式氯丹、氧化氯丹之和）不得过0.1mg/kg。
The content of quintozene in this product shall not be more than 0.lmg/kg; hexachlorobenzene shall not be more than 0.1mg/kg; heptachlor (heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide and heptachlor) shall not be more than 0.05mg/kg; chlordane (cis-chlordane, trans-chlordane, chlordane-oxide and chlordane-oxide and chlordane-oxidising and chlordane-oxidising and chlordane-oxidising) shall not be more than 0.1mg/kg.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Determined by high performance liquid chromatography (General 0512).

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈为流动相A，以水为流动相B，按下表中的规定进行梯度洗脱；检测波长为203nm。理论板数按人参皂苷Rg1峰计算应不低于6000。
Octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel was used as filler; acetonitrile was used as mobile phase A, and water was used as mobile phase B. Gradient elution was carried out according to the following table; the detection wavelength was 203 nm. the theoretical plate counts should be not less than 6000 according to the peak of Ginsenoside Rg1.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

精密称取人参皂苷Rg1对照品、人参皂苷Re对照品及人参皂苷Rb1对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml 各含0.2mg的混合溶液，摇匀，即得。
Precisely weigh ginsenoside Rg1 control, ginsenoside Re control and ginsenoside Rb1 control, add methanol to make a mixed solution containing 0.2mg per 1ml, shake well, that is to obtain.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过四号筛）约1g，精密称定，置索氏提取器中，加三氯甲烷加热回流3小时，弃去三 氯甲烷液，药渣挥干溶剂，连同滤纸筒移入100ml锥形瓶 中，精密加水饱和正丁醇50ml，密塞，放置过夜，超声处理 （功率250W，频率50kHz） 30分钟，滤过，弃去初滤液，精密量取续滤液25ml，置蒸发皿中蒸干，残渣加甲醇溶解并转移至5ml量瓶中，加甲醇稀释至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take this product powder (through the fourth sieve) about 1g, precision weighing, placed in Soxhlet extractor, add trichloromethane heating reflux for 3 hours, discard trichloromethane liquid, dregs of the solvent evaporated dry, together with the filter paper tube into a 100ml conical flask, precision water saturated with n-butanol 50ml, tightly stoppered, placed overnight, ultrasonic treatment (power 250W, frequency of 50kHz) for 30 minutes, filtration, discarding the initial filtrate, precision measurement of 25ml filtrate, placed in the evaporating dish evaporate, the residue of methanol soluble and transfer to a 5ml flask, methanol diluted to the scale, shaking well, filtration, filtration, take filtrate, that is, the product.

测定法 Assay method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液10μl与供试品溶液 10～20μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Pipette 10μl of control solution and 10～20μl of test solution, inject into liquid chromatograph, and then determine, it is obtained.

本品按干燥品计算，含人参皂苷Rg1（C42H72O14）和人参皂苷Re（C48H82O18）的总量不得少于0. 30%，人参皂苷 Rb1（C54H92O23）不得少于 0. 20%。
Pipette 10μl of control solution and 10～20μl of test solution, inject into liquid chromatograph, and then determine, it is obtained.

饮片 Prepared slices

人参 Ginseng

炮制 Processing

润透，切薄片，干燥，或用时粉碎、捣碎。
Soak until thoroughly wet, cut into thin slices, dry, or powder and crush when used.

性 Property

微温。
Slightly warm.

味 Flavor

甘、微苦。
Sweet and slightly bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归脾、肺、心、肾经。
Spleen, lung, heart, and kidney meridians.

功能 Actions

大补元气，复脉固脱，补脾益肺，生津养血， 安神益智。
Tonify the primordial qi, strengthen the pulse, tonify the spleen and benefit the lungs, generate body fluids and nourish the blood, calm the mind and enhance intelligence.

主治 Indications

用于体虚欲脱，肢冷脉微，脾虚食少，肺虚喘咳，津伤口渴，内热消渴，气血亏虚，久病虚羸，惊悸失眠，阳痿宫冷。
Used for deficiency with desire to escape, cold limbs and weak pulse, spleen deficiency with reduced appetite, lung deficiency with cough and wheezing, fluid injury with thirst, internal heat with polydipsia, deficiency of qi and blood, long-term illness with emaciation, palpitations and insomnia, impotence and cold uterus.

用量 Dosage

3～9g。
3-9g.

用法 Administration

另煎兑服；也可研粉吞服，一次 2g，—日2次。
Decoct separately and take orally; can also be powdered and taken orally, 2g each time, 2 times a day.

注意 Precautions

不宜与藜芦、五灵脂同用。
Avoid using with Chenopodium ambrosioides and Croton tiglium.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，密闭保存，防蛀。
Store in a cool and dry place, sealed and protected from moth.

人参

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为五加科植物人参Panax ginseng C.A. Mey.的干燥根和根茎。多于秋季采挖，洗净经晒干或烘干。栽培的俗称“园参”；播种在山林野生状态下自然生长的称“林下山参”，习称“籽海”。
Ginseng is the dried root and rhizome of Panax ginseng C.A. Mey. (Fam. Araliaceae). The drug derived from the cultivated form is known as "Yuanshen" (garden ginseng) and the drug derived from the wild origin is known as "Linxia Shanshen" (Zihai). The drug is collected in autumn and washed clean.

性状 Description

主根呈纺锤形或圆柱形，长3～15cm，直径1～2cm。表面灰黄色，上部或全体有疏浅断续的粗横纹及明显的纵皱，下部有支根2～3条，并着生多数细长的须根，须根上常有不明显的细小疣状突出。根茎（芦头）长1～4cm，直径0.3～1.5cm，多拘挛而弯曲，具不定根（艼）和稀疏的凹窝状茎痕（芦碗）。质较硬，断面淡黄白色，显粉性，形成层环纹棕黄色，皮部有黄棕色的点状树脂道及放射状裂隙。香气特异，味微苦、甘。
Alternatively, main roots as long as or shorter than rhizome, cylindrical, rhomboid or V-shaped, 1-6 cm long; externally greyish-yellow, longitudinally wrinkled, the upper or middle-lower part with annulations, branch roots mostly 2-3, rootlets less and slender, orderly arranged and showing some distinct warts. Rhizomes slender, a few stout, the upper part exhibiting sparse or dense deep depressed stem scars, adventitious roots relatively thin, mostly reclinate.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品横切面：木栓层为数列细胞。栓内层窄。韧皮部外侧有裂隙，内侧薄壁细胞排列较紧密，有树脂道散在，内含黄色分泌物。形成层成环。木质部射线宽广，导管单个散在或数个相聚，断续排列成放射状，导管旁偶有非木化的纤维。薄壁细胞含草酸钙簇晶。
Powder: Pale yellowish-white. Fragments of resin canals easily visible, containing yellow masses of secretion.

（2）取本品粉末1g，加三氯甲烷40ml，加热回流1小时，弃去三氯甲烷液，药渣挥干溶剂，加水0.5ml搅拌湿润，加水饱和正丁醇10ml，超声处理30分钟，吸取上清液加3倍量氨试液，摇匀，放置分层，取上层液蒸干，残渣加甲醇1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取人参对照药材1g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取人参皂苷Rb1对照品、人参皂苷Re对照品、人参皂苷Rf对照品及人参皂苷Rg1对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml各含2mg的混合溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述三种溶液各1～2μ1，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以三氯甲烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-水（15：40：22：10）10℃以下放置的下层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%硫酸乙醇溶液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰，分别置日光和紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应位置上，分别显相同颜色的斑点或荧光斑点。
(2) To 1 g of the powder add 40 ml of chloroform, heat under reflux on a water bath for 1 hour, discard the chloroform layer, evaporate the residue to dryness. Moisten the residue with 0.5 ml of water, add 10 ml of n-butanol saturated with water, ultrasonicate for 30 minutes. To the supernatant liquid add 3 volumes of ammonia TS, mix well, stand for demixing. Evaporate the supernatant liquid to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of methanol as the test solution. Prepare a solution of 1 g of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma reference drug in the same manner as the reference drug solution. Dissolve ginsenosides Rb, CRS, Re CRS, Rf CRS and Rg CRS in methanol to produce a mixture containing 2 mg of each per ml as the reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过5.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.

农药残留量 Pesticide Residues

照农药残留量测定法（通则2341有机氯类农药残留量测定法——第二法）测定。
Pesticide Residues Carry out the method for determination of pesticide residues 〈2341 , determination of organochlorine pesticide residues, method 2〉.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Assay Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography 〈0512〉.

饮片 Prepared slices

炮制 Processing

润透，切薄片，干燥，或用时粉碎、捣碎。
Softened thoroughly, cut into thin slices, and dried, or pulverized or broken into pieces before use.

性 Property

甘、微苦，微温。
Mild warm; sweet and mild bitter.

味 Flavor

微苦、甘。
Slightly bitter and sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归脾、肺、心、肾经。
Spleen, lung, heart, and kidney meridians.

功能 Actions

大补元气，复脉固脱，补脾益肺，生津养血，安神益智。
To tonify the original qi greatly, resume pulse, secure collapse, tonify spleen, replenish kidney, engender fluid, nourish the blood, tranquilize the mind, and replenish wisdom.

主治 Indications

用于体虚欲脱，肢冷脉微，脾虚食少，肺虚喘咳，津伤口渴，内热消渴，气血亏虚，久病虚羸，惊悸失眠，阳痿宫冷。
Being just going to collapse caused by body deficiency, cold limbs, faint pulse, low appetite caused by spleen deficiency, dyspnea and cough caused by lung deficiency, thirsty caused by fluid damage, interior heat, wasting-thirst, deficiency of qi and blood, frail caused by long-term illness, fright palpitations, insomnia, impotence, and uterine coldness.

用法与用量 Administration and dosage

3～9g，另煎兑服；也可研粉吞服，一次2g，一日2次。
3-9 g.Decocted separately and added it into decoction; Or ground it into powder for oral administration.2 g per time, twice a day.

注意 Precautions and Warnings

不宜与藜芦、五灵脂同用。
Incompatible with Veratri Nigri Radix et Rhizoma, Trogopterori Faeces.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，密闭保存，防蛀。
Preserve in a well-closed container, store in a cool and dry place, and protect from moth.