紫苏梗

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为唇形科植物紫苏Perilla frutescens（L.）Britt.的干燥茎。秋季果实成熟后采割，除去杂质，晒干，或趁鲜切片，晒干。
Perilla Stem is the dried stem of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. (Fam. Labiatae). The drug is collected in autumn after the fruit is ripe, removed from impurities, dried in the sun, or cut into slices and dried.

性状 Description

本品呈方柱形，四棱钝圆，长短不一，直径0.5～1.5cm。表面紫棕色或暗紫色，四面有纵沟和细纵纹，节部稍膨大，有对生的枝痕和叶痕。体轻，质硬，断面裂片状。切片厚2～5mm，常呈斜长方形，木部黄白色，射线细密，呈放射状，髓部白色，疏松或脱落。气微香，味淡。
Stems square-cylindrical, with four obtuse angles, variable in length, 0.5-1.5cm in diameter; externally purple-brown or dark purple, with longitudinal furrows and fine longitudinal wrinkles on all sides; nodes slightly swollen, with opposite branch scars and leaf scars. Light in weight, hard in texture, and fractured into flakes. Transverse section thick, 2-5 mm, often oblong, wood yellowish-white, rays fine and dense, radiate, medulla white, loose or exfoliated. Odour, slightly fragrant; taste, mild.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末黄白色至灰绿色。木纤维众多，多成束，直径8～45μm。中柱鞘纤维淡黄色或黄棕色，长梭形，直径10～46μm，有的孔沟明显。表皮细胞棕黄色，表面观呈多角形或类方形，垂周壁连珠状增厚。草酸钙针晶细小，充塞于薄壁细胞中。
（1）The powder is yellowish-white to grayish-green. Numerous wood fibers, mostly in bundles, with a diameter of 8-45μm. The parenchyma fibers of the pith sheath are pale yellow or yellow-brown, elongated, with a diameter of 10-46μm, and some have obvious pits. The epidermal cells are brownish-yellow, and the surface appears polygonal or square-like, with thickened walls in a bead-like pattern. The calcium oxalate needles are small and fill the thin-walled cells.

（2）取本品粉末1g，加甲醇25ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液浓缩至干，残渣加甲醇1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取迷迭香酸对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.2mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各2μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以正己烷-乙酸乙酯-甲酸（3∶3∶0.2）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
（2）To 1g of the powder add 25ml of methanol, treat with ultrasound for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of methanol as the test solution. Take another appropriate amount of rosmarinic acid CRS, dissolve in methanol to produce a solution containing 0.2mg per ml as the Reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and formic acid (3:3:0.2) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 2 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Examine under ultraviolet light at 365nm. The fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the Reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过9.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 9.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过5.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.

含量测定 Content determination

避光操作。照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for determination of content by high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-0.1%甲酸溶液（38∶62）为流动相；检测波长为330nm。理论板数按迷迭香酸峰计算应不低于3000。
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the filling material; use methanol-0.1% formic acid solution (38:62) as the mobile phase; detection wavelength 330nm. The theoretical number of plates calculated from the peak of rosmarinic acid should not be less than 3000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取迷迭香酸对照品适量，精密称定，加60%丙酮制成每1ml含40μg的溶液，即得。
Preparation of reference solution Take an appropriate amount of rosmarinic acid CRS, accurately weigh, add 60% acetone to make a solution containing 40 μg per ml, and set aside.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过三号筛）约0.5g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入60%丙酮25ml，密塞，称定重量，超声处理（功率250W，频率40kHz）30分钟，再称定重量，用60%丙酮补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Preparation of test solution Take about 0.5g of the powder (passed through a No. 3 sieve) of the test item, accurately weigh, place it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 25ml of 60% acetone, seal tightly, weigh, treat with ultrasound (power 250 W, frequency 40 kHz) for 30 minutes, weigh again, make up for the weight loss with 60% acetone, shake well, filter, and take the subsequent filtrate.

测定法 Determination method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液10μl与供试品溶液5～20μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Method of determination Accurately draw 10 μl of the reference solution and 5-20 μl of the test solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品按干燥品计算，含迷迭香酸（C18H16O8）不得少于0.10%。
The content of rosmarinic acid (C18H16O8) in the drug, calculated with reference to the dried drug, should not be less than 0.10%.

饮片 Prepared slices

紫苏梗 Perilla Stem

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，稍浸，润透，切厚片，干燥。
Eliminate Foreign matter, soak briefly, soften until thoroughly wet, cut into thick slices, and dry.

性状 Description

本品呈类方形的厚片。表面紫棕色或暗紫色，有的可见对生的枝痕和叶痕。切面木部黄白色，有细密的放射状纹理，髓部白色，疏松或脱落。气微香，味淡。
This product is a thick sheet similar to a square shape. The surface is purplish-brown or dark purple, and some can see opposite branch marks and leaf marks. The cut surface of the wood is yellowish-white, with fine radial grain, and the pith is white, loose or detached. The smell is slightly fragrant and the taste is light.

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

检查 Examination

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

辛。
Pungent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肺、脾经。
Lung and spleen meridians.

功能 Actions

理气宽中，止痛，安胎。
To regulate qi, relieve pain, and secure the fetus.

主治 Indications

用于胸膈痞闷，胃脘疼痛，暧气呕吐，胎动不安。
For chest and hypochondriac distension, epigastric pain, nausea and vomiting, and restless fetus.

用量 Dosage

5～10g。
5-10g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处。
Preserve in a dry place.

紫苏梗

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为唇形科植物紫苏Perilla frutescens（L.）Britt.的干燥茎。秋季果实成熟后采割，除去杂质，晒干，或趁鲜切片，晒干。
Perilla Stem is the dried stem of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. (Fam Labiatae). The drug is collected after fruit is ripe in autumn, removed from foreign matter, and dried in the sun; or cut into slices when fresh, and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品呈方柱形，四棱钝圆，长短不一，直径0.5～1.5cm。表面紫棕色或暗紫色，四面有纵沟和细纵纹，节部稍膨大，有对生的枝痕和叶痕。体轻，质硬，断面裂片状。切片厚2～5mm，常呈斜长方形，木部黄白色，射线细密，呈放射状，髓部白色，疏松或脱落。气微香，味淡。
Square, four angles obtuse, varying in length, 0.5-1.5 cm in diameter. Externally purplish-brown or dark purple, with longitudinal furrows and fine longitudinal striations, nodes slightly swollen, with opposite branch scars and leaf scars. Texture light and hard, fracture lobed. Slices 2-5 mm thick, usually rhomboidal, wood yellowish white, medullary rays fine and dense, radiate, pith white, lax or falling off. Odour, slightly aromatic; taste, weak.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末黄白色至灰绿色。木纤维众多，多成束，直径8～45μm。中柱鞘纤维淡黄色或黄棕色，长梭形，直径10～46μm，有的孔沟明显。表皮细胞棕黄色，表面观呈多角形或类方形，垂周壁连珠状增厚。草酸钙针晶细小，充塞于薄壁细胞中。
（2）取本品粉末1g，加甲醇25ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液浓缩至干，残渣加甲醇1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取迷迭香酸对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.2mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各2μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以正己烷-乙酸乙酯-甲酸（3：3：0.2）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过9.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 9.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过5.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.

含量测定 Assay

避光操作。照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Operate protected from light. Carry out the method for high-performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic system and system suitability

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-0.1%甲酸溶液（38：62）为流动相；检测波长为330nm。理论板数按迷迭香酸峰计算应不低于3000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase and a mixture of methanol and 0.1% formic acid solution (38:62) as the mobile phase. As a detector, use a spectrophotometer set at 330 nm. The number of theoretical plates of the column should not be less than 3000, calculated with reference to the peak of rosmarinic acid.

对照品溶液的制备 Reference solution

取迷迭香酸对照品适量，精密称定，加60%丙酮制成每1ml含40μg的溶液，即得。
Dissolve a quantity of rosmarinic acid CRS, accurately weighed, in 60% acetone to produce a solution containing 40 μg per ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Test solution

取本品粉末（过三号筛）约0.5g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入60%丙酮25ml，密塞，称定重量，超声处理（功率250W，频率40kHz）30分钟，再称定重量，用60%丙酮补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Weigh accurately 0.5 g of the powder (through No 3 sieve) to a stoppered conical flask, add accurately 25 ml of 60% acetone, stopper tightly, weigh, ultrasonicate (power 250 W, frequency 40 kHz) for 30 minutes, weigh again, replenish the loss of weight with 60% acetone, mix well and filter. Use the successive filtrate as the test solution.

测定法 Procedure

分别精密吸取对照品溶液10μl与供试品溶液5～20μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Inject accurately 10 μl of the reference solution and 5-20 μl of the test solution, respectively, into the column, and calculate the content.

本品按干燥品计算，含迷迭香酸（C18H16O8）不得少于0.10%。
It contains not less than 0.10 per cent of rosmarinic acid (C18H16O8), calculated with reference to the dried drug.

饮片 Prepared slices

紫苏梗 Perilla Stem

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，稍浸，润透，切厚片，干燥。
Eliminate foreign matter, soak briefly, soften thoroughly, cut into thick slices, and dry.

本品呈类方形的厚片。表面紫棕色或暗紫色，有的可见对生的枝痕和叶痕。切面木部黄白色，有细密的放射状纹理；髓部白色，疏松或脱落。气微香，味淡。
In subsquare thick slices. Externally purplish-brown or dark purple, opposite branch and leaf scars visible sometimes. Cut surface yellowish-white in wood, with fine and dense radial striations; pith white, lax or absent. Odour, slightly aromatic; taste, weak.

性 Property

辛，温。
Warm; pungent.

味 Flavor

淡。
Weak.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肺、脾经。
Lung and spleen meridians.

功能 Actions

理气宽中，止痛，安胎。
To regulate qi, soothe the middle energizer, relieve pain, and prevent miscarriage.

主治 Indications

胸膈痞闷，胃脘疼痛，嗳气呕吐，胎动不安。
Stuffiness and oppression in the chest, pain in the epigastrium, belching, vomiting, and threatened miscarriage.

用量 Dosage

5～10g。
5-10 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处。
Preserve in a dry place.