一般生长在地面以上，连接叶和根的轴状结构。其上着生叶、花和果实，是植物的营养器官之一。
Generally growing above the ground, it is an axial structure connecting leaves and roots. Leaves, flowers, and fruits grow on it, making it one of the nutritional organs of the plant.

带叶的茎。
Stem with leaves.

带花的茎段采收入药。
Stem portions bearing flowers are used medicinally.

茎连同叶与花一并作为药用部位。
Stems are used together with their leaves and flowers.

尚未木质化或处于早期的茎入药。
Young stems that are not yet woody are used medicinally.

生长多年而较粗硬的老茎入药。
Old stems that are thicker and tougher are used as the medicinal part.

质地鲜嫩的茎段采收入药。
Tender stem segments are harvested for medicinal use.

带叶的嫩茎一并入药。
Tender stems are used together with their leaves.

植物地上部分的茎作为药用部位。
The aboveground stem is used as the medicinal part.

茎的顶端嫩梢或生长点。
The stem tip or apical growing point.

块状的茎。
Block-shaped stem.

茎基部的毛被或毛状组织入药。
Hairs or pubescence from the basal part of the stem are used.

茎的中间层。
Middle layer of the stem.

带茎的花序。
Flower clusters with stems.

茎表面的外皮或表皮层。
The outer peel or epidermal layer of a stem.

茎上的节部，为叶与侧枝着生的位置。
A stem node where leaves and lateral branches arise.

从茎部获得的汁液。
Juice obtained from stems.

取幼嫩茎部渗出或榨取的汁液。
Juice exuded from or pressed out of young stems.

茎经火烤后渗出的汁液。
Juice that exudes after stems are heated or roasted.

从茎切割处流出的乳汁。
Latex that exudes from cuts in the stem.