檀香

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为檀香科植物檀香Santalum album L.树干的干燥心材。
Sandalwood is the dried heartwood of Santalum album L. (Fam. Santalaceae).

性状 Description

本品为长短不一的圆柱形木段，有的略弯曲，一般长约1m，直径10～30cm。外表面灰黄色或黄褐色，光滑细腻，有的具疤节或纵裂，横截面呈棕黄色，显油迹；棕色年轮明显或不明显，纵向劈开纹理顺直。质坚实，不易折断。气清香，燃烧时香气更浓；味淡，嚼之微有辛辣感。
Pieces of variable length, cylindrical, some slightly curved, generally about 1 m long, 10-30 cm in diameter; externally greyish-yellow or yellowish-brown, smooth and fine, some with scars or longitudinal fissures; transversely cut surface brownish-yellow, showing oil spots; distinct or indistinct annual rings; texture hard and solid, not easily broken; odour, fragrant; odour more pronounced when burned; taste, slightly bitter, with a slight pungent sensation when chewed.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品横切面∶导管单个散在，偶有2～3个联合。木射线由1～2列径向延长的细胞组成。木薄壁细胞单个散在或数个联结，有的含草酸钙方晶。导管、射线细胞、木薄壁细胞内均可见油滴。
(1) Transverse section: vessels solitary, scattered, occasionally 2-3 in groups; wood rays consisting of 1-2 rows of radially elongated cells; wood parenchyma cells solitary or several in groups, some containing calcium oxalate prisms; oil droplets present in vessels, ray cells and wood parenchyma cells.

（2）取本品〔含量测定〕项下的挥发油，加乙醚制成每1ml含10μl的溶液，作为供试品溶液。另取檀香醇对照品，加乙醚制成每1ml含5μl的溶液（或用印度檀香的挥发油加乙醚制成每1ml含10μl的溶液）作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各10μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）-乙酸乙酯（17∶3）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以对二甲氨基苯甲醛溶液（取对二甲氨基苯甲醛0.25g，溶于冰醋酸50g中，加85%磷酸溶液5g与水20ml，混匀），在80～90℃加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同的紫蓝色斑点。
(2) Take the volatile oil under the "Determination of Content" section, add ether to make a solution containing 10 μl per 1 ml as the test solution. Take sandalwood alcohol CRS, add ether to make a solution containing 5 μl per 1 ml (or use the volatile oil of Indian sandalwood, add ether to make a solution containing 10 μl per 1 ml) as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of petroleum ether (60-90°C) and ethyl acetate (17:3) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 10 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a solution of p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (0.25 g of p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde dissolved in 50 g of glacial acetic acid, add 5 g of 85% phosphoric acid solution and 20 ml of water, mix well), heat at 80-90°C to the spots clear. The purple-blue spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832,method 4>.

含量测定 Assay

取本品刨花（厚1mm）30g，照挥发油测定法（通则2204）测定。
Take 30g of this product (shavings, 1mm thick) and determine according to the method for determination of volatile oil <2204>.

本品含挥发油不得少于3.0%（ml/g）。
The content of volatile oil in this product shall not be less than 3.0% (ml/g).

饮片 Prepared slices

檀香 Sandalwood

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，镑片或锯成小段，劈成小碎块。
Eliminate Foreign matter, pound into slices or cut into small sections, and split into small pieces.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

辛。
Pungent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归脾、胃、心、肺经。
Belongs to the spleen, stomach, heart, and lung meridians.

功能 Actions

行气温中，开胃止痛。
Promote qi circulation and warm the middle, stimulate appetite, and relieve pain.

主治 Indications

用于寒凝气滞，胸膈不舒，胸痹心痛，脘腹疼痛，呕吐食少。
It is used for cold condensation and stagnation of Qi, chest and diaphragm discomfort, chest paralysis and heart pain, pain in the epigastrium and abdomen, vomiting and low food intake.

用量 Dosage

2～5g。
2-5 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处。
Preserve in a cool and dry place.

檀香

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为檀香科植物檀香Santalum album L.树干的干燥心材。
Sandalwood is the dried heart wood of the trunk of Santalum album L. (Fam. Santalaceae).

性状 Description

本品为长短不一的圆柱形木段，有的略弯曲，一般长约1m，直径10～30cm。外表面灰黄色或黄褐色，光滑细腻，有的具疤节或纵裂，横截面呈棕黄色，显油迹；棕色年轮明显或不明显，纵向劈开纹理顺直。质坚实，不易折断。气清香，燃烧时香气更浓；味淡，嚼之微有辛辣感。
In cylindrical woody segments, someones slightly curved, varying in length, usually about 1 m long, 10-30 cm in diameter. Externally pale yellow or yellowish-brown, fine and smooth, sometimes with nodal scars or longitudinal cracks, transversely cut surface brownish-yellow, showing oil stains, brown annual rings distinct or indistinct, longitudinally cut surface showing straight striations. Texture compact, uneasily broken. Odour, aromatic, strongly aromatic on burning: taste, weak slightly pungent on chewing.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品横切面：导管单个散在，偶有2～3个联合。木射线由1～2列径向延长的细胞组成。木薄壁细胞单个散在或数个联结，有的含草酸钙方晶。导管、射线细胞、木薄壁细胞内均可见油滴。
（2）取本品〔含量测定〕项下的挥发油，加乙醚制成每1ml含10μl的溶液，作为供试品溶液。另取檀香醇对照品，加乙醚制成每1ml含5μl的溶液（或用印度檀香的挥发油加乙醚制成每1ml含10μl溶液）作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各10μ1，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）-乙酸乙酯（17：3）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以对二甲氨基苯甲醛溶液（取对二甲氨基苯甲醛0.25g，溶于冰醋酸50g中，加85%磷酸溶液5g与水20ml，混匀），在80～90℃加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同的紫蓝色斑点。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832 第四法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832, method 4>.

含量测定 Assay

取本品刨花（厚1mm）30g，照挥发油测定法（通则2204）测定。
本品含挥发油不得少于3.0%（ml/g）。

饮片 Prepared slices

檀香 Sandalwood

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，锯成小段，劈成小碎块。
Eliminate foreign matter, saw into sections about 3 cm long, then split into pieces or pulverize into coarse powder.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

辛。
Pungent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归脾、胃、心、肺经。
Spleen, stomach, heart, and lung meridians.

功能 Actions

行气温中，开胃止痛。
To move qi, warm the middle energizer, increase the appetite, and relieve pain.

主治 Indications

用于寒凝气滞，胸膈不舒，胸痹心痛，脘腹疼痛，呕吐食少。
Used for qi stagnation caused by congealing cold, discomfort in the chest and the diaphragm, chest bi disorder, heart pain, pain in the epigastrium and abdomen, vomiting, and reduced food intake.

用量 Dosage

2～5g。
2-5 g.

用法 Administration

口服。
Oral administration.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处。
Preserve in a cool and dry place.