淡竹叶

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: *Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) *

概述 Overview

本品为禾本科植物淡竹叶Lophatherum gracile Brongn.的干燥茎叶。夏季未抽花穗前采割，晒干。
Lophatherum Herb is the dried stem and leaf of Lophatherum gracile Brongn. (Fam. Gramineae). The drug is collected in summer before the flowering, removed from impurities, and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品长25～75 cm。茎呈圆柱形，有节，表面淡黄绿色，断面中空。叶鞘开裂。叶片披针形，有的皱缩卷曲，长5～20 cm，宽1～3.5 cm；表面浅绿色或黄绿色。叶脉平行，具横行小脉，形成长方形的网格状，下表面尤为明显。体轻，质柔韧。气微，味淡。
Stems 25-75 cm long, cylindrical, with nodes, externally pale yellowish-green, hollow in the centre. Leaf sheaths split. Leaves lanceolate, some crumpled and curled, 5-20 cm long, 1-3.5 cm wide; upper surface light green or yellowish-green. Parallel veins with transverse veins forming a rectangular network, more distinct on the lower surface. Light in weight, flexible. Odour, slight; taste, bland.

鉴别 Identification

本品叶表面观：上表皮细胞长方形或类方形，垂周壁波状弯曲，其下可见圆形栅栏细胞。下表皮长细胞与短细胞交替排列或数个相连，长细胞长方形，垂周壁波状弯曲；短细胞为哑铃形的硅质细胞和类方形的栓质细胞，于叶脉处短细胞成串；气孔较多，保卫细胞哑铃形，副卫细胞近圆三角形，非腺毛有三种：一种为单细胞长非腺毛；一种为单细胞短非腺毛，呈短圆锥形；另一种为双细胞短小毛茸，偶见。
On the surface of the leaf: the upper epidermal cells are rectangular or square, with wavy curved periclinal walls, and circular subsidiary cells can be seen below. The lower epidermis has alternating or several connected long cells and short cells. The long cells are rectangular with wavy curved periclinal walls; the short cells are dumbbell-shaped silica cells and square cork cells, and the short cells are arranged in a string at the veins. There are more stomata, the guard cells are dumbbell-shaped, the subsidiary cells are nearly triangular, and there are three types of non-glandular hairs: one is a single-cell long non-glandular hair; one is a single-cell short non-glandular hair, which is short and conical; the other is a double-cell short hair, occasionally seen.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过11.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 11.0 per cent <2302>.

饮片 Prepared slices

淡竹叶 Lophatherum Herb

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，切段。
Eliminate Foreign matter, cut into sections.

性状 ｜ Description

本品呈不规则的段、片，可见茎碎片、节和开裂的叶鞘。叶碎片浅绿色或黄绿色，有的皱缩卷曲，叶脉平行，具横行小脉，形成长方形的网格状，下表面尤为明显。体轻，质柔韧。气微，味淡。
This product is in irregular segments and pieces, with visible stem fragments, nodes and dehiscent leaf sheaths. Leaf fragments are light green or yellowish green, some wrinkled and curled, with parallel veins, with transverse veinlets, forming an oblong grid, especially on the lower surface. The body is light and pliable. Gas faint, taste faint.

检查 ｜ Examination

酸不溶性灰分 Acid insoluble ash

不得超过5.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.

水分 ｜ Water

同药材。
As required for the crude drug.

总灰分 ｜ Total ash

同药材。
As required for the crude drug.

鉴别 ｜ Identification

同药材。
As required for the crude drug.

性 Property

寒。
Cold.

味 Flavor

甘、淡。
Sweet and bland.

归经 Meridian tropism

归心、胃、小肠经。
Heart, stomach, and small intestine meridians.

功能 Actions

清热泻火，除烦止渴，利尿通淋。
To clear heat, relieve restlessness and quench thirst, promote diuresis and relieve stranguria.

主治 Indications

用于热病烦渴，小便短赤涩痛，口舌生疮。
Used for fever with restlessness and thirst, short and red urine with pain, and oral ulcers.

用量 Dosage

6～10 g。
6-10 g.

用法 Administration

后下。
Add when the decoction is nearly done.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处。
Preserve in a dry place.

淡竹叶

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为禾本科植物淡竹叶Lophatherum gracile Brongn.的干燥茎叶。夏季未抽花穗前采割，晒干。
Lophatherum Herb is the dried stem and leaf of Lophatherum gracile Brongn. (Fam. Gramineae). The drug is collected before the rachis emerges in summer and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品长25～75cm。茎呈圆柱形，有节，表面淡黄绿色，断面中空。叶鞘开裂。叶片披针形，有的皱缩卷曲，长5～20cm，宽1～3.5cm；表面浅绿色或黄绿色。叶脉平行，具横行小脉，形成长方形的网格状，下表面尤为明显。体轻，质柔韧。气微，味淡。
25-75 cm long. Stems cyfindrical, nodiferous, externally yellowish-green, fracture hollowed. Leaf sheaths dehiscent. Lamina lanceolate, some crumpled and rolled, 5-20 cm long, 1-3.5 cm wide; surface pale green or yellowish green, veins parallel, bearing lateral veinlets, forming rectangular reticulate venation, more distinct on the lower surface. Texture light, pliable. Odour, slight; taste, weak.

鉴别 Identification

本品叶表面观：上表皮细胞长方形或类方形，垂周壁波状弯曲，其下可见圆形栅栏细胞。下表皮长细胞与短细胞交替排列或数个相连，长细胞长方形，垂周壁波状弯曲；短细胞为哑铃形的硅质细胞和类方形的栓质细胞，于叶脉处短细胞成串；气孔较多，保卫细胞哑铃形，副卫细胞近圆三角形，非腺毛有三种：一种为单细胞长非腺毛；一种为单细胞短非腺毛，呈短圆锥形；另一种为双细胞短小毛茸，偶见。
Surface view of leaf: Epidermal cells of the upper epidermis rectangular or subsquare, with sinuous anticlinal walls, showing rounded palisade cells beneath. The long cells and short cells of the lower epidermis alternately arranged or several connected, the long cells rectangular, with sinuous anticlinal walls; the short cells dumb-bell shaped, being silica cells and suberized cells, a string of short cells occurring near veins. Stomata numerous, guard cells dumb-bell shaped, subsidiary cells subrounded-triangular. Non-glandular hairs of three types, one type unicellular, long, the other unicellular, short conical, occasionally with the third type, bicellular, short and small.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过11.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 11.0 per cent <2302>.

饮片 Prepared slices

淡竹叶 Lophatherum Herb

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，切段。
Eliminate foreign matter, and cut into sections.

性 Property

寒。
Cold.

味 Flavor

甘、淡。
Sweet and bland.

归经 Meridian tropism

归心、胃、小肠经。
Heart, stomach and small intestine meridians.

功能 Actions

清热泻火，除烦止渴，利尿通淋。
To clear heat, purge fire, relieve vexation, quench thirst, disinhibit urine, and relieve stranguria.

主治 Indications

用于热病烦渴，小便短赤涩痛，口舌生疮。
Vexation and thirst caused by heat disease, short voidiy of deep-colored urine with difficulty and pain, mouth and tongue sores.

用量 Dosage

6～10g。
6-10 g.

用法 Administration

无特殊要求。
No special requirements.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处。
Preserve in a dry place.