黄蜀葵花

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: *Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) *

概述 Overview

本品为锦葵科植物黄蜀葵Abelmoschus manihot（L.）Medic.的干燥花冠。夏、秋二季花开时采摘，及时干燥。
Abelmoschus Corolla is the dried corolla of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medic. (Fam. Malvaceae). The drug is collected in summer and autumn when the flowers are in full bloom, and dried promptly.

性状 Description

本品多皱缩破碎，完整的花瓣呈三角状阔倒卵形，长7～10 cm，宽7～12 cm，表面有纵向脉纹，呈放射状，淡棕色，边缘浅波状；内面基部紫褐色。雄蕊多数，联合成管状，长1.5～2.5 cm，花药近无柄。柱头紫黑色，匙状盘形，5裂。气微香，味甘淡。
The drug is irregularly crumpled and broken. The intact petals are broadly triangular or ovate, measuring 7-10 cm long and 7-12 cm wide. The surface has longitudinal veins, radiating from the base, pale brown, with shallow wavy edges; the inner surface at the base is purplish-brown. Numerous stamens united into a tube, 1.5-2.5 cm long, anthers nearly sessile. Stigma blackish-purple, spoon-shaped, 5-lobed. Odour, slight; taste, sweet and mild.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末淡黄色至褐黄色。花冠表皮细胞类长方形或不规则形，垂周壁微波状弯曲。花粉粒类圆形，直径约170 μm，具散在孔，孔数约32～40，表面具刺。腺毛完整者长圆锥形，长510～770 μm；腺头略呈长棒状，6～14细胞；腺柄3细胞，内含紫红色分泌物。非腺毛单细胞，长140～180 μm，壁平滑。花粉囊内壁细胞，断面观类长方形，壁呈条状增厚；表面观类多角形，垂周壁连珠状增厚。草酸钙簇晶细小，直径9～19 μm，棱角尖。
（1）The powder is pale yellow to brownish-yellow. Epidermal cells of the corolla are elongated or irregular in shape, with slightly wavy walls. Pollen grains are spherical, with a diameter of about 170 μm, scattered pores, about 32-40 pores, and a surface covered with spines. Glandular trichomes, when intact, are long and conical, measuring 510-770 μm in length; the glandular head is slightly rod-shaped, consisting of 6-14 cells; the glandular stalk consists of 3 cells and contains purple-red secretions. Non-glandular trichomes are single-celled, measuring 140-180 μm in length, with a smooth wall. The inner wall cells of the pollen sac are rectangular in cross-section, with thickened walls in a strip pattern; the surface cells are polygonal, with thickened walls in a bead-like pattern along the circumference. Calcium oxalate cluster crystals are small, with sharp edges and a diameter of 9-19 μm.

（2）取本品粉末1 g，加0.18%盐酸乙醇溶液20 ml，置水浴上加热回流1小时，趁热滤过，滤液浓缩至5 ml，作为供试品溶液。另取槲皮素对照品，加乙醇制成每1 ml含0.5 mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取两种溶液各1 μl，分别点于同一用0.5%氢氧化钠溶液制备的硅胶G薄层板上，以甲苯-乙酸乙酯-甲酸（5︰4︰1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以三氯化铝试液，置紫外光灯（365 nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
（2）To 1 g of the powder add 20 ml of 0.18% solution of hydrochloric acid in ethanol, heat under reflux for 1 hour, filter, concentrate the filtrate to 5 ml and use as the test solution. Dissolve quercetin CRS in ethanol to produce a solution containing 0.5 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using silica gel G mixed with 0.5% solution of sodium hydroxide as the coating substance and a mixture of toluene, ethyl acetate and formic acid (5: 4: 1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately 1 μl of each of the above two solutions to the plate. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in air, spray with aluminum chloride TS, and examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过8.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 8.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过2.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 2.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的冷浸法测定，用乙醇作溶剂，不得少于18.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201, the cold maceration method>, using ethanol as the solvent, not less than 18.0 per cent.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液（15︰85）为流动相；检测波长为360 nm。理论板数按金丝桃苷峰计算应不低于10000。
Use octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel as the stationary phase; acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (15: 85) as the mobile phase; detection wavelength at 360 nm. The theoretical plate number calculated from the peak of ginsenoside Rg1 should not be less than 10,000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取金丝桃苷对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1 ml含0.1 mg的溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of ginsenoside Rg1 reference substance, accurately weigh, dissolve in methanol to produce a solution containing 0.1 mg per ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过四号筛）约0.2 g，精密称定，置25 ml量瓶中，加甲醇15 ml，超声处理（功率250 W，频率30 kHz）30分钟，放冷，加甲醇至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 0.2 g of the powder (passed through a No. 4 sieve) of the drug, accurately weigh, place it in a 25 ml volumetric flask, add 15 ml of methanol, treat with ultrasonication (power 250 W, frequency 30 kHz) for 30 minutes, cool, add methanol to the mark, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate for use.

测定法 Assay method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10 μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately aspirate 10 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品按干燥品计算，含金丝桃苷（C21H20O12）不得少于0.50%。
Calculated on the dried basis, the content of ginsenoside Rg1 (C21H20O12) should not be less than 0.50%.

饮片 Prepared slices

黄蜀葵花 Abelmoschus Corolla

炮制 Processing

除去杂质及灰屑。
Eliminate foreign matter and ash.

性状 ｜ Description

同药材。
As required for the crude drug.

鉴别 ｜ Identification

同药材。
As required for the crude drug.

检查 ｜ Examination

同药材。
As required for the crude drug.

浸出物 Extractives

同药材。
As required for the crude drug.

含量测定 ｜ Assay

同药材。
As required for the crude drug.

性 Property

寒。
Cold.

味 Flavor

甘。
Sweet.

归经 ｜ Meridian tropism

归肾、膀胱经。
Kidney and bladder meridians.

功能 Actions

清利湿热，消肿解毒。
To clear and eliminate damp-heat, reduce swelling, and detoxify.

主治 Indications

用于湿热壅遏，淋浊水肿;外治痈疽肿毒，水火烫伤。
Used for damp-heat stagnation, cloudy stranguria with edema; externally for treating carbuncles, swelling, and toxicity, scalds and burns.

用量 Dosage

10～30 g；研末内服，3～5 g。外用适量，研末调敷。
10-30 g; ground into powder for oral administration, 3-5 g. For external use, apply an appropriate amount of powdered drug.

用法 Administration

研末内服，3～5 g。外用适量，研末调敷。
Ground into powder for oral administration, 3-5 g. For external use, apply an appropriate amount of powdered drug.

注意 Precautions

孕妇慎用。
Contraindicated in pregnant women.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处。
Store in a dry place.

黄蜀葵花

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为锦葵科植物黄蜀葵Abelmoschus manihot（L.）Medic.的干燥花冠。夏、秋二季花开时采摘，及时干燥。
Sunset Abelmoschus Flower is the dried corolla of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medic. (Fam. Malvaceae). The drug is collected at flowering in summer and autumn, and dried in time.

性状 Description

本品多皱缩破碎，完整的花瓣呈三角状阔倒卵形，长7～10cm，宽7～12cm，表面有纵向脉纹，呈放射状，淡棕色，边缘浅波状；内面基部紫褐色。雄蕊多数，联合成管状，长1.5～2.5cm，花药近无柄。柱头紫黑色，匙状盘形，5裂。气微香，味甘淡。
Mostly crumpled and broken, when whole, petal triangular broad-obovate, 7-19 cm long, 7-12 cm wide, externally with longitudinal winkles, radial, pale green, margin slightly sinuous; the inner surface base purpish-brown, stameus numerous, aggregated to a tube, 1.5-2.5 cm long, anther almost sessible, stigma purplish-black, whorl-orbiculate 5-lobed. Odour, slightly aromatic; taste, sweet and weak.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末淡黄色至褐黄色。花冠表皮细胞类长方形或不规则形，垂周壁微波状弯曲。花粉粒类圆形，直径约170μm，具散在孔，孔数约32～40，表面具刺。腺毛完整者长圆锥形，长510～770μm；腺头略呈长棒状，6～14细胞；腺柄3细胞，内含紫红色分泌物。非腺毛单细胞，长140～180μm，壁平滑。花粉囊内壁细胞，断面观类长方形，壁呈条状增厚；表面观类多角形，垂周壁连珠状增厚。草酸钙簇晶细小，直径9～19μm，棱角尖。
（2）取本品粉末1g，加0.18%盐酸乙醇溶液20ml，置水浴上加热回流1小时，趁热滤过，滤液浓缩至5ml，作为供试品溶液。另取槲皮素对照品，加乙醇制成每1ml含0.5mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取两种溶液各1μl，分别点于同一用0.5%氢氧化钠溶液制备的硅胶G薄层板上，以甲苯-乙酸乙酯-甲酸（5：4：1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以三氯化铝试液，置紫外光（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过8.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 8.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过2.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 2.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的冷浸法测定，用乙醇作溶剂，不得少于18.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201, the cold maceration Method>, not less than 18.0 per cent, using ethanol as the solvent.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验
以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液（15：85）为流动相；检测波长为360nm。理论板数按金丝桃苷峰计算应不低于10000。

对照品溶液的制备
取金丝桃苷对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.1mg的溶液，即得。

供试品溶液的制备
取本品粉末（过四号筛）约0.2g，精密称定，置25ml量瓶中，加甲醇15ml，超声处理（功率250W，频率30kHZ）30分钟，放冷，加甲醇至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。

测定法
分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。

本品按干燥品计算，含金丝桃苷（C21H20O12）不得少于0.50%。
It contains not less than 0.50 per cent of hyperoside (C21H20O12), calculated with reference to the dried drug.

饮片 Prepared slices

黄蜀葵花 Sunset Abelmoschus Flower

炮制 Processing

除去杂质及灰屑。
Eliminate foreign matter as well as dust and scrap.

性 Property

甘、寒。
Cold; sweet.

味 Flavor

甘淡。
Sweet and weak.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肾、膀胱经。
Kidney and bladder meridians.

功能 Actions

清利湿热，消肿解毒。
To clear and drain dampness-heat, disperse swelling and remove toxin.

主治 Indications

用于湿热壅遏，淋浊水肿；外治痈疽肿毒，水火烫伤。
Obstruction of dampness heat, manifested as turbid stranguria, and edema; Topical application: abscesses, cellulitis, swe-lling skin infections, scald and burns.

用量 Dosage

10～30g；研末内服，3～5g。外用适量，研末调敷。
Ground into powder for oral administration, 10-30 g; use appropriate amount for topical application after grinding it into powder, 3-5 g.

禁忌 Contraindication

孕妇慎用。
Use with caution during pregnancy.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处。
Preserve in a dry place.