根据《中国药典·2020年版·一部》记载：本品为百合科植物浙贝母Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.的干燥鳞茎。初夏植株枯萎时釆挖，洗净。大小分开，大者除去芯芽，习称“大贝”;小者不去芯芽，习称“珠贝”。分别撞擦，除去外皮，拌以煅过的贝壳粉，吸去擦出的浆汁，干燥；或取鳞茎，大小分开，洗净，除去芯芽，趁鲜切成厚片，洗净，干燥，习称“浙贝片"。
This product is the dried bulb of the lily plant Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. It is harvested in early summer when the plant wilts and is then cleaned. The bulbs are separated by size; the larger ones have their core buds removed, commonly referred to as "Da Bei", while the smaller ones keep their core buds, commonly referred to as "Zhu Bei". They are separately rubbed to remove the outer skin, mixed with calcined shell powder to absorb the rubbed-out juice, and then dried. Alternatively, the bulbs can be separated by size, cleaned, have their core buds removed, freshly cut into thick slices, cleaned again, and dried. These are commonly referred to as "Zhe Bei slices".
NMM ID | nmm-01o3 |
系统名 | Fritillaria thunbergii Bulb |
系统中文名 | 浙贝母鳞茎（zhè bèi mǔ lín jīng） |
通用名 | Zhe-bei-mu |
通用中文名 | 浙贝母（zhè bèi mǔ） |
标准化译名 | Fritillaria thunbergii Bulb (NMM-01O3, Zhe-bei-mu) |
标准化中文译名 | 浙贝母鳞茎（NMM-01O3，浙贝母） |
类型 | plant |
物种基源 | Fritillaria thunbergii | 浙贝母 |
药用部位 | bulb | 鳞茎 |
特殊描述 | |
炮制方法 | |
系统名命名解释 | 根据《中国药典·2020年版·一部》记载：本品为百合科植物浙贝母Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.的干燥鳞茎。初夏植株枯萎时釆挖，洗净。大小分开，大者除去芯芽，习称“大贝”;小者不去芯芽，习称“珠贝”。分别撞擦，除去外皮，拌以煅过的贝壳粉，吸去擦出的浆汁，干燥；或取鳞茎，大小分开，洗净，除去芯芽，趁鲜切成厚片，洗净，干燥，习称“浙贝片"。 |
通用名命名解释 | NMMGN衍生自《中国药典·2020年版·一部》相关中药材中文名。 |
上级药材 | |
下级药材 | |
创建人 | |
审核专家 |
浙贝母
中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)
概述 Overview
本品为百合科植物浙贝母Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.的干燥鳞茎。初夏植株枯萎时采挖，洗净。大小分开，大者除去芯芽，习称“大贝”;小者不去芯芽，习称“珠贝”。分别撞擦，除去外皮，拌以煅过的贝壳粉，吸去擦出的浆汁，干燥；或取鳞茎，大小分开，洗净，除去芯芽，趁鲜切成厚片，洗净，干燥，习称“浙贝片"。
Thunberg Fritillary Bulb is the dried bulb of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. (Fam. Liliaceae). The drug is collected in early summer when the plant withers, washed, and separated into large and small bulbs. The large bulbs are called "Da Bei" and the small bulbs are called "Zhu Bei". They are separately rubbed to remove the outer skin, mixed with calcined oyster shell powder, and the squeezed juice is absorbed. Then they are dried. Alternatively, the bulbs are washed, separated into large and small ones, the core buds are removed, and the fresh bulbs are sliced thickly, washed, and dried, which are called "Zhe Bei Pian".
性状 Description
大贝 Da Bei
为鳞茎外层的单瓣鳞叶，略呈新月形，高1～2cm，直径2～3.5cm。外表面类白色至淡黄色，内表面白色或淡棕色，被有白色粉末。质硬而脆，易折断，断面白色至黄白色，富粉性。气微，味微苦。
Da Bei refers to the single petal scale leaf of the outer layer of the bulb. It is slightly crescent-shaped, 1-2cm high, and 2-3.5cm in diameter. The outer surface is whitish to pale yellow, and the inner surface is white or light brown, covered with white powder. It is hard and brittle, easily broken, and the fracture surface is white to yellowish-white, rich in powder. It has a slight odor and a slightly bitter taste.
珠贝 Zhu Bei
为完整的鳞茎，呈扁圆形，高1～1.5cm，直径1～2.5cm。表面黄棕色至黄褐色，有不规则的皱纹；或表面类白色至淡黄色，较光滑或被有白色粉末。质硬，不易折断，断面淡黄色或类白色，略带角质状或粉性；外层鳞叶2瓣，肥厚，略似肾形，互相抱合，内有小鳞叶2～3枚和干缩的残茎。
Zhu Bei refers to the intact bulb, which is flat and round, 1-1.5cm high, and 1-2.5cm in diameter. The surface is yellowish-brown to yellow-brown with irregular wrinkles, or whitish to pale yellow, relatively smooth or covered with white powder. It is hard and not easily broken, and the cross-section is light yellow or whitish, slightly horny or powdery. The outer scale leaves are 2 lobes, thick and somewhat kidney-shaped, mutually embracing, with 2-3 small scale leaves and dried contracted stem inside.
浙贝片 Zhe Bei Pian
为椭圆形或类圆形片，大小不一，长1.5～3.5cm，宽1～2cm，厚0.2～0.4cm。外皮黄褐色或灰褐色，略皱缩；或淡黄色，较光滑。切面微鼓起，灰白色；或平坦，粉白色。质脆，易折断，断面粉白色，富粉性。
Zhe Bei Pian refers to the elliptical or round-shaped slices, which vary in size, with a length of 1.5-3.5cm, a width of 1-2cm, and a thickness of 0.2-0.4cm. The outer skin is yellowish-brown or grayish-brown, slightly wrinkled, or pale yellow and relatively smooth. The cut surface is slightly raised and grayish-white, or flat and powdery white. It is brittle, easily broken, and the fracture surface is powdery white.
鉴别 Identification
（1）本品粉末淡黄白色。淀粉粒甚多，单粒卵形、广卵形或椭圆形，直径6～56μm，层纹不明显。表皮细胞类多角形或长方形，垂周壁连珠状增厚；气孔少见，副卫细胞4～5个。草酸钙结晶少见，细小，多呈颗粒状，有的呈梭形、方形或细杆状。导管多为螺纹，直径至18μm。
（1）The powder of this drug is pale yellowish-white. There are many starch grains, which are single, ovoid, broadly ovoid, or elliptical in shape, with a diameter of 6-56μm and indistinct layer lines. The epidermal cells are mostly polygonal or rectangular, and the periclinal walls are thickened in a bead-like manner. Stomata are rare, and there are 4-5 subsidiary cells. Calcium oxalate crystals are rare, small, mostly granular, some are fusiform, square, or slender rod-shaped. The vessels are mostly spiral, with a diameter of up to 18 μm.
（2）取本品粉末5g，加浓氨试液2ml与三氯甲烷20ml，放置过夜，滤过，取滤液8ml，蒸干，残渣加三氯甲烷1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取贝母素甲对照品、贝母素乙对照品，加三氯甲烷制成每1ml各含2mg的混合溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液10～20μl、对照品溶液10μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以乙酸乙酯-甲醇-浓氨试液（17∶2∶1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以稀碘化铋钾试液。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
（2）Take 5g of the powder, add 2ml of concentrated ammonia test solution and 20ml of chloroform, let it stand overnight, filter, take 8ml of the filtrate, evaporate to dryness, add 1ml of chloroform to dissolve the residue, and use it as the test solution. Take appropriate amounts of Fritillaria Alkaloid A CRS and Fritillaria Alkaloid B CRS, add chloroform to make a mixed solution containing 2mg of each per 1ml, and use it as the reference solution. Perform the thin-layer chromatography test<0502> by applying 10-20μl of the test solution and 10μl of the reference solution to the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, using ethyl acetate-methanol-concentrated ammonia test solution (17:2:1) as the developing agent. After development, take out the plate, dry it, and spray with a dilute solution of bismuth potassium iodide. In the chromatogram of the test solution, spots with the same color appear at the corresponding positions as those in the chromatogram of the reference solution.
检查 Examination
水分 Water
不得过18.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 18.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.
总灰分 Total ash
不得过6.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 6.0 per cent <2302>.
浸出物 Extractives
照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于8.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the hot maceration method>, using diluted ethanol as the solvent, not less than 8.0 per cent.
含量测定 Content determination
照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.
色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test
以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-水-二乙胺（70∶30∶0.03）为流动相；蒸发光散射检测器检测。理论板数按贝母素甲峰计算应不低于2000。
Use octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel as the filler; use acetonitrile-water-diethylamine (70:30:0.03) as the mobile phase; detect with an evaporative light scattering detector. The theoretical plate number calculated based on the peak of Fritillaria Alkaloid A should not be less than 2000.
对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution
取贝母素甲对照品、贝母素乙对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含贝母素甲0.2mg、贝母素乙0.15mg的混合溶液，即得。
Take appropriate amounts of Fritillaria Alkaloid A CRS and Fritillaria Alkaloid B CRS, accurately weigh, and add methanol to make a mixed solution containing 0.2mg of Fritillaria Alkaloid A and 0.15mg of Fritillaria Alkaloid B per ml.
供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution
取本品粉末（过四号筛）约2g，精密称定，置烧瓶中，加浓氨试液4ml浸润1小时，精密加入三氯甲烷-甲醇（4∶1）的混合溶液40ml，称定重量，混匀，置80℃水浴中加热回流2小时，放冷，再称定重量，加上述混合溶液补足减失的重量，滤过。精密量取续滤液10ml，置蒸发皿中蒸干，残渣加甲醇使溶解并转移至2ml量瓶中，加甲醇至刻度，摇匀，即得。
Take about 2g of the powder (passed through a No. 4 sieve), accurately weigh, place it in a flask, add 4ml of concentrated ammonia test solution, soak for 1 hour, accurately add 40ml of a mixed solution of chloroform-methanol (4:1), weigh, mix well, heat under reflux in a water bath at 80°C for 2 hours, cool, weigh again, add the above mixed solution to make up for the weight loss, and filter. Accurately take 10ml of the subsequent filtrate, evaporate to dryness in an evaporating dish, dissolve the residue in methanol and transfer it to a 2ml volumetric flask, add methanol to the mark, shake well, and obtain the test solution.
测定法 Assay method
分别精密吸取对照品溶液10μl、20μl，供试品溶液5～15μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，用外标两点法对数方程分别计算贝母素甲、贝母素乙的含量，即得。
Accurately aspirate 10μl and 20μl of the reference solution and 5-15μl of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine. Calculate the content of Fritillaria Alkaloid A and Fritillaria Alkaloid B using the logarithmic equation of the external standard two-point method, respectively.
本品按干燥品计算，含贝母素甲（C27H45NO3）和贝母素乙（C27H43NO3）的总量，不得少于0.080%。
Calculated on the dried basis, the total content of Fritillaria Alkaloid A (C27H45NO3) and Fritillaria Alkaloid B (C27H43NO3) should not be less than 0.080%.
饮片 Prepared slices
浙贝母 Thunberg Fritillary Bulb
炮制 Processing
除去杂质。未切片者，洗净，润透，切厚片，干燥;或打成碎块。
Eliminate Foreign matter. If not sliced, wash, moisten, cut into thick slices, and dry; or crush into pieces.
性状 Description
浙贝母 Thunberg Fritillary Bulb
为类圆形的厚片或碎块，有的具心芽。外皮黄褐色或灰褐色，略皱缩；或淡黄白色，较光滑或被有白色粉末。切面微鼓起或平坦，灰白色或粉白色，略角质状或富粉性。多质坚硬，易折断;或质硬，断面灰白色或白色，有的浅黄棕色。气微，味苦。
Thunberg Fritillary Bulb is a round thick piece or broken piece, some with heart buds. rind yellowish-brown or grayish-brown, slightly wrinkled; or yellowish-white, smoother or covered with a white powder. The cut surface is slightly bulging or flat, off-white or pinkish-white, slightly or powdery. It is hard and easy to break; or hard, the section is gray-white or white, and some are light yellow-brown. The breath is slight and the taste is bitter.
鉴别 Identification
同药材。
Same as the crude drug.
检查 Examination
同药材。
Same as the crude drug.
浸出物 Extractives
同药材。
Same as the crude drug.
含量测定 Content determination
同药材。
Same as the crude drug.
性 Property
寒。
Cold.
味 Flavor
苦。
Bitter.
归经 Meridian tropism
归肺、心经。
Lung and heart meridians.
功能 Actions
清热化痰止咳，解毒散结消痈。
To clear heat, transform phlegm, stop cough, detoxify, disperse nodules, and resolve abscesses.
主治 Indications
用于风热咳嗽，痰火咳嗽，肺痈，乳痈，瘰疬，疮毒。
Used for cough due to wind-heat, cough due to phlegm-heat, lung abscess, breast abscess, scrofula, and sores and abscesses.
用量 Dosage
5～10g。
5-10g.
用法 Administration
无。
None.
注意 Precautions
不宜与川乌、制川乌、草乌、制草乌、附子同用。
It should not be used with Chuan Wu, Zhi Chuan Wu, Cao Wu, Zhi Cao Wu, and Fu Zi.
贮藏 Storage
置干燥处，防蛀。
Store in a dry place, and protect from moth.
浙贝母
文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
概述 Overview
本品为百合科植物浙贝母Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.的干燥鳞茎。初夏植株枯萎时采挖，洗净。大小分开，大者除去芯芽，习称“大贝”；小者不去芯芽，习称“珠贝”。分别撞擦，除去外皮，拌以煅过的贝壳粉，吸去擦出的浆汁，干燥；或取鳞茎，大小分开，洗净，除去芯芽，趁鲜切成厚片，洗净，干燥，习称“浙贝片”。
Thunberg Fritillary Bulb is the dried bulb of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. (Fam. Liliaceae). The drug is collected in early summer when the plant is withered, washed clean, and classified according to its size. The larger one is removed from the central bud and commonly known as "Dabei", the smaller one, with the central bud not removed, is commonly known as "Zhubei". The drug is removed from the outer bark by dashing and mixed with calcinated shell powder to absorb the juice dashed out and dried. Or the drug is classified according to its size, washed clean, removed from the central bud, cut into thick slices while fresh, washed clean, and dried, commonly known as "Zhebeipian".
性状 Description
大贝为鳞茎外层的单瓣鳞叶，略呈新月形，高1～2cm，直径2～3.5cm。外表面类白色至淡黄色，内表面白色或淡棕色，被有白色粉末。质硬而脆，易折断，断面白色至黄白色，富粉性。
Dabei: Outer single scale leaf of bulb, slightly in crescent shape, 1-2 cm high, 2-3.5 cm in diameter. The outer surface whitish to pale yellow, the inner surface white or pale brown, covered with white powder. Texture hard and fragile, easily broken, fracture white to yellowish-white, highly starchy.
珠贝为完整的鳞茎，呈扁圆形，高1～1.5cm，直径1～2.5cm。表面类白色，外层鳞叶2瓣，肥厚，略似肾形，互相抱合，内有小鳞叶2～3枚和干缩的残茎。
Zhubei: Whole bulb, oblate, 1-1.5 cm high, 1-2.5 cm in diameter. Externally whitish, the outer scale leaves 2, plump and fleshy, slightly in reniform, holding to each other, containing 2-3 small scale leaves and dried shrunken stem remains.
浙贝片为鳞茎外层的单瓣鳞叶切成的片。椭圆形或类圆形，直径1～2cm，边缘表面淡黄色，切面平坦，粉白色。质脆，易折断，断面粉白色，富粉性。
Zhebeipian: Slices cut from the outer single scale leaf of bulb, elliptical or subrounded, 1-2 cm in diameter, surface of edge pale yellow, cut surface even, powdery-white texture, hard and fragile, fracture powdery-white, highly starchy.
鉴别 Identification
（1）本品粉末淡黄白色。淀粉粒甚多，单粒卵形、广卵形或椭圆形，直径6～56μm，层纹不明显。表皮细胞类多角形或长方形，垂周壁连珠状增厚；气孔少见，副卫细胞4～5个。草酸钙结晶少见，细小，多呈颗粒状，有的呈梭形、方形或细杆状。导管多为螺纹，直径至18μm。
(1) Powder: Pale yellowish-white. Starch granules numerous, simple granules ovoid, broad-ovoid or elliptical, 6-56 μm in diameter, striations indistinct. Epidermis cells subpolygonal or rectangular, anticlinal walls beaded-thickened; stomata less visible, with 4-5 subsidiary cells. Crystals of calcium oxalate less visible, minute, mostly granular, some in fusiform, square or thin bacilliform. Vessels mostly spiral, up to 18 μm in diameter.
（2）取本品粉末5g，加浓氨试液2ml与三氯甲烷20ml，放置过夜，滤过，取滤液8ml，蒸干，残渣加三氯甲烷1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取贝母素甲对照品、贝母素乙对照品，加三氯甲烷制成每1ml各含2mg的混合溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液10～20μl、对照品溶液10μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以乙酸乙酯-甲醇-浓氨试液（17：2：1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以稀碘化铋钾试液。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
(2) To 5 g of the powder add 2 ml of concentrated ammonia TS and 20 ml of chloroform. Allow to stand overnight, filter, and evaporate 8 ml of the filtrate to dryness. Dissolve the residue in 1 ml of chloroform as the test solution. Dissolve peimine CRS and peiminine CRS in chloroform to produce a mixture containing 2 mg of each per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of ethyl acetate, methanol, and concentrated ammonia TS (17:2:1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately 10-20 μl of the test solution and 10 μl of the reference solution to the plate. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air, spray with dilute potassium iodobismuthate TS. The spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and color with the spots in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.
检查 Examination
水分 Water
不得过18.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 18.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.
总灰分 Total ash
不得过6.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 6.0 per cent <2302>.
浸出物 Extractives
照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于8.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201, the hot extraction method>, using dilute ethanol as the solvent, not less than 8.0 per cent.
含量测定 Assay
照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high-performance liquid chromatography <0512>.
饮片 Prepared slices
炮制 Processing
除去杂质，洗净，润透，切厚片，干燥；或打成碎块。
Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into thick slices, and dry; or pound to pieces.
性味与归经 Property and Flavor
苦，寒。归肺、心经。
Bitter, cold. Meridian tropism: Lung and heart meridians.
功能与主治 Actions and Indications
清热化痰止咳，解毒散结消痈。用于风热咳嗽，痰火咳嗽，肺痈，乳痈，瘰疬，疮毒。
To clear heat, resolve phlegm and suppress cough, remove toxin, dissipate binds, and disperse abscesses. Used for wind-heat cough, phlegm-fire cough, lung abscess, acute mastitis, scrofula, sore and skin infections.
用法与用量 Administration and Dosage
5～10g。
5-10 g.
注意 Precautions and Warnings
不宜与川乌、制川乌、草乌、制草乌、附子同用。
Incompatible with Aconiti Radix, processed Aconiti Radix, Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix, processed Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix, Aconiti Lateralis Radix.
贮藏 Storage
置干燥处，防蛀。
Preserve in a dry place and protect from moth.
本天然药材 This Natural Medicinal Material
本天然药材为百合科植物浙贝母Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.的干燥鳞茎。
This product is the dried bulb of the lily plant Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.
初夏植株枯萎时采挖，洗净。大小分开，大者除去芯芽，习称“大贝”；小者不去芯芽，习称“珠贝”。分别撞擦，除去外皮，拌以煅过的贝壳粉，吸去擦出的浆汁，干燥；或取鳞茎，大小分开，洗净，除去芯芽，趁鲜切成厚片，洗净，干燥，习称“浙贝片”。
It is harvested in early summer when the plant wilts and is then cleaned. The bulbs are separated by size; the larger ones have their core buds removed, commonly referred to as "Da Bei"; while the smaller ones keep their core buds, commonly referred to as "Zhu Bei". They are separately rubbed to remove the outer skin, mixed with calcined shell powder to absorb the rubbed-out juice, and then dried. Alternatively, the bulbs can be separated by size, cleaned, have their core buds removed, freshly cut into thick slices, cleaned again, and dried. These are commonly referred to as "Zhe Bei slices".