吴茱萸

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为芸香科植物吴茱萸Euodia rutaecarpa （Juss.） Benth.、石虎 Euodia rutaecarpa （ Juss. ） Benth. var. officinalis （Dode） Huang 或疏毛吴茱萸 Euodia rutaecarpa （Juss. ） Benth. var. bodinieri （Dode） Huang 的干燥近成熟果实。8～11月果实尚未开裂时，剪下果枝，晒干或低温干燥， 除去枝、叶、果梗等杂质。
Evodia Fruit is the dried nearly ripe fruit of Euodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth., Euodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. var. officinalis (Dode) Huang, or Euodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. var. bodinieri (Dode) Huang (Fam. Rutaceae). The fruit is collected in August to November before it splits, remove the branches, leaves, and pedicels, and dried in the sun or at a low temperature.

性状 Description

本品呈球形或略呈五角状扁球形，直径2～ 5mm。表面暗黄绿色至褐色，粗糙，有多数点状突起或凹下的油点。顶端有五角星状的裂隙，基部残留被有黄色茸毛的果梗。质硬而脆，横切面可见子房5室，每室有淡黄色种子1粒。气芳香浓郁，味辛辣而苦。
Spherical or slightly pentagonal flattened spherical, 2-5 mm in diameter; surface dark yellowish-green to brown, rough, with numerous pitted or depressed oil glands. Apex with a pentagonal star-shaped fissure; base with a yellowish hairy pedicel. Texture hard and brittle; transverse section showing 5 locules of the ovary, each containing 1 pale yellow seed. Odour, aromatic and strong; taste, pungent and bitter.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末褐色。非腺毛2～6细胞，长140～ 350μm，壁疣明显，有的胞腔内含棕黄色至棕红色物。腺毛头部7～14细胞，椭圆形，常含黄棕色内含物；柄2～5细胞。草酸钙簇晶较多，直径10～25μm；偶有方晶。石细胞类圆形或长方形，直径35～70μm，胞腔大。油室碎片有时可见，淡黄色。
(1) The powder of this product is brown. Non-glandular hairs 2-6 cells, 140-350 μm long, wall warts obvious, some of the lumen contains brownish yellow to brownish red material. The head of glandular hairs is 7-14 cells, oval, often containing yellowish brown inclusions; the stalk is 2-5 cells. Calcium oxalate cluster crystals are more numerous, 10-25 μm in diameter; occasionally square crystals. The stone cells are rounded or oblong, 35-70 μm in diameter, with large cavities. Oil chamber fragments sometimes visible, yellowish.

（2）取本品粉末0.4g，加乙醇10ml，静置30分钟，超声处理30分钟，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取吴茱萸次碱对照品、吴茱萸碱对照品，加乙醇分别制成每1ml含0.2mg 和1.5mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则 0502）试验，吸取上述三种溶液各2μl，分别点于同一硅胶G 薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90°C）-乙酸乙酯-三乙胺（7：3：0. 1） 为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
(2) Take 0.4g of the powder, add 10ml of ethanol, leave it for 30 minutes, ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, filtration, take the filtrate as the test solution. Also take Cornuus sub-basic control product, Cornusine control product, add ethanol to make a solution containing 0.2mg and 1.5mg per 1ml respectively, as the control solution. According to the thin layer chromatography (General rule 0502) test, absorb the above three solutions of 2μl, were spotted on the same silica gel G thin layer plate, with petroleum ether (60 ~ 90 ° C) - ethyl acetate - triethylamine (7: 3: 0.1) as an unfolding agent, unfolding, take out, drying, and placed in the ultraviolet lamp (365 nm) under the examination. In the chromatogram of the test article, fluorescent spots of the same colour were found in the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the control article.

检查 Examination

杂质 Impurities

不得过7%（通则2301）。
Not more than 7.0 per cent <2301>.

水分 Water

不得过15.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 15.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过10.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 10.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于30.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201, the hot maceration method>, using diluted ethanol as the solvent, not less than 30.0 per cent.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以［乙腈-四氢呋喃（25：15）］-0.02%磷酸溶液 （35：65）为流动相；检测波长为215nm。理论板数按柠檬苦素峰计算应不低于3000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the filler; use a mobile phase of acetonitrile-tetrahydrofuran (25:15)-0.02% phosphoric acid solution (35:65); detect at a wavelength of 215 nm. The theoretical plate number calculated from the peak of limonin should not be less than 3000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solutions

取吴茱萸碱对照品、吴茱萸次碱对照品、柠檬苦素对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含吴茱萸碱80μg和吴茱萸次碱50μg、柠檬苦素0.1mg的混合溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of evodiamine reference standard, rutaecarpine reference standard, and limonin reference standard, accurately weigh, dissolve in methanol to produce a mixed solution containing 80 μg of evodiamine, 50 μg of rutaecarpine, and 0.1 mg of limonin per ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过三号筛）约0.3g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入70%乙醇25ml，称定重量，浸泡1小时，超声处理（功率300W,频率40kHz）40分钟， 放冷，再称定重量，用70%乙醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过， 取续滤液，即得。
Take about 0.3 g of the powder (passed through a No. 3 sieve), accurately weigh, place it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 25 ml of 70% ethanol, weigh, soak for 1 hour, treat with ultrasound (power 300 W, frequency 40 kHz) for 40 minutes, cool, weigh again, make up the loss in weight with 70% ethanol, shake well, filter, and take the subsequent filtrate as the test solution.

测定法 Assay method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各 10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately draw 10 μl of each of the reference solutions and the test solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品按干燥品计算，含吴茱萸碱（C19 H17N3O）和吴茱萸次碱（C18 H13N3O）的总量不得少于0.15%，柠檬苦素（C26 H30O8） 不得少于0. 20%。
Calculated on the dried basis, the total content of evodiamine (C19 H17N3O) and rutaecarpine (C18 H13N3O) should not be less than 0.15%, and the content of limonin (C26 H30O8) should not be less than 0.20%.

饮片 Prepared slices

吴茱萸 Evodia Fruit

炮制 Processing

除去杂质。
Eliminate Foreign matter.

性状 Description

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

总灰分 Total ash

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

浸出物 Extractives

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

含量测定 Assay

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

制吴茱萸 Prepared Evodia Fruit

炮制 Processing

取甘草捣碎，加适量水，煎汤，去渣，加入净吴茱萸，闷润吸尽后，炒至微干，取出，干燥。
Take liquorice crushed, add appropriate amount of water, decoction, remove the slag, add net wuzhu, smothered and sucked out, fried until slightly dry, remove, dry.

性状 Description

本品形如吴茱萸，表面棕褐色至暗褐色。
This product is shaped like Cornus officinalis, with a brownish to dark brown surface.

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

总灰分 Total ash

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

浸出物 Extractives

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

含量测定 Assay

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

性 Property

热；有小毒。
Hot; slightly toxic.

味 Flavor

辛、苦。
Pungent and bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝、脾、胃、肾经。
Liver, spleen, stomach, and kidney meridians.

功能 Actions

散寒止痛，降逆止呕，助阳止泻。
To dispel cold and alleviate pain, descend rebellious qi and stop vomiting, and assist yang and stop diarrhea.

主治 Indications

用于厥阴头痛，寒疝腹痛，寒湿脚气，经行腹痛，脘腹胀痛，呕吐吞酸， 五更泄泻。
Used for headache of the jueyin meridian, abdominal pain due to cold hernia, cold-dampness foot qi, abdominal pain during menstruation, epigastric and abdominal distension and pain, vomiting and acid regurgitation, and nocturnal diarrhea.

用量 Dosage

2～5g。
2-5 g.

用法 Administration

外用适量。
For external use, an appropriate amount.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处。
Preserve in a cool and dry place.

吴茱萸

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为芸香科植物吴茱萸 Euodia rutaecarpa （Juss.） Benth.、石虎 Euodia rutaecarpa （ Juss. ） Benth. var. officinalis （Dode） Huang 或疏毛吴茱萸 Euodia rutaecarpa （Juss.）Benth. var. bodinieri （Dode） Huang 的干燥近成熟果实。8～11月果实尚未开裂时，剪下果枝，晒干或低温干燥，除去枝、叶、果梗等杂质。
Medicinal Euodia Fruit is the dried and nearly ripe fruit of Euodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth., Euodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. var. officinalis (Dode) Huang or Euodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. var. bodinieri (Dode) Huang (Fam. Rutaceae). The fruit spur is cut off from August to November when the fruit indehiscent, dried in the sun or at a low temperature, removed from shoot, leaf, fruit stalk and foreign matter.

性状 Description

本品呈球形或略呈五角状扁球形，直径2～5mm。表面暗黄绿色至褐色，粗糙，有多数点状突起或凹下的油点。顶端有五角星状的裂隙，基部残留被有黄色茸毛的果梗。质硬而脆，横切面可见子房5室，每室有淡黄色种子1粒。气芳香浓郁，味辛辣而苦。
Spheroidal or slightly flattened-pentagon sph-eroidal, 2-5 mm in diameter. Externally dark yellowish-green to brown, rough, with numerous spotted protrudings or depressed oil dots. A pentagon-stellate cleft present at the apex and a yellow-tomentose fruit stalk at the base. Texture hard and fragile. Transverse section showing 5-locular ovary, each locule possessing 1 yellowish seed. Odour, strong aromatic; taste, pungent and bitter.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末褐色。非腺毛2～6细胞，长140～350μm，壁疣明显，有的胞腔内含棕黄色至棕红色物。腺毛头部7～14细胞，椭圆形，常含黄棕色内含物；柄2～5细胞。草酸钙簇晶较多，直径10～25μm；偶有方晶。石细胞类圆形或长方形，直径35～70μm，胞腔大。油室碎片有时可见，淡黄色。
（2）取本品粉末0.4g，加乙醇10ml，静置30分钟，超声处理30分钟，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取吴茱萸次碱对照品、吴茱萸碱对照品，加乙醇分别制成每1ml含0.2mg和1.5mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述三种溶液各2μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）-乙酸乙酯-三乙胺（7：3：0.1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。

检查 Examination

杂质 Foreign matter

不得过7%（通则2301）。
Not more than 7 per cent <2301>.

水分 Water

不得过15.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 15.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过10.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 10.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于30.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201, the hot extraction method>, not less than 30.0 per cent, using dilute ethanol as the solvent.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定
色谱条件与系统适用性试验

饮片 Prepared slices

吴茱萸 Euodiae Fructus

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，喷淋清水，稍润，切段，干燥。
Eliminate foreign matter, spray with water, soften briefly, cut into sections, and dry in the sun.

性 Property

热。
Hot.

味 Flavor

辛、苦。
Pungent and bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝、脾、胃、肾经。
Liver, spleen, stomach and kidney meridians.

功能 Actions

散寒止痛，降逆止呕，助阳止泻。
To dissipate cold, relieve pain, downbear counter-flow, stop vomiting, assist yang and stop diarrhea.

主治 Indications

用于厥阴头痛，寒疝腹痛，寒湿脚气，经行腹痛，脘腹胀痛，呕吐吞酸， 五更泄泻。
Reverting yin headache, abdominal pain caused by cold abdominal colic, cold-dampness tinea pedis, menstruation with abdominal pain, distending pain in the epigastrium and abdomen, vomiting, acid regurgitation, and diarrhea before dawn.

用量 Dosage

2～5g。外用适量。
2-5 g. Appropriate amount for topical application.

用法 Administration

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处。
Preserve in a cool and dry place.