百合

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为百合科植物卷丹Lilium lancifolium Thunb.、百合Lilium brownii F.E.Brown var. viridulum Baker或细叶百合Lilium pumilum DC.的干燥肉质鳞叶。秋季采挖，洗净，剥取鳞叶，置沸水中略烫，干燥。
Lily Bulb is the dried fleshy scale leaf of Lilium lancifolium Thunb., Lilium brownii F.E.Brown var. viridulum Baker, or Lilium pumilum DC. (Fam. Liliaceae). The drug is collected in autumn, washed, peeled, slightly blanched in boiling water, and dried.

性状 Description

本品呈长椭圆形，长2～5cm，宽1～2cm，中部厚1.3～4mm。表面黄白色至淡棕黄色，有的微带紫色，有数条纵直平行的白色维管束。顶端稍尖，基部较宽，边缘薄，微波状，略向内弯曲。质硬而脆，断面较平坦，角质样。气微，味微苦。
Bulbs long-ellipsoid, 2-5 cm long, 1-2 cm in diameter, and 1.3-4 mm thick at the middle. Surface yellowish-white to pale brownish-yellow, some with a slight purple tinge, with several parallel white vascular bundles. Apex slightly pointed, base relatively broad, margin thin, wavy, slightly inwardly curved. Texture hard and brittle, fracture relatively flat, horny. Odour, slight; taste, slightly bitter.

鉴别 Identification

取本品粉末1g，加甲醇10ml，超声处理20分钟，滤过，滤液浓缩至1ml，作为供试品溶液。另取百合对照药材1g，同法制成对照药材溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各10μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90°C）-乙酸乙酯-甲酸（15∶5∶1）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%磷钼酸乙醇溶液，加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
To 1g of the powder add 10 ml of methanol, treat with ultrasound for 20 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to 1 ml, and use as the test solution. Prepare a solution of the reference drug in the same manner using 1g of Lily Bulb as the reference drug. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and the upper layer solution of petroleum ether(60-90°C)-ethyl acetate-formic acid(15:5:1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 10 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 10% solution of phosphomolybdic acid in ethanol, heat to the spots clear. The spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过5.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照水溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的冷浸法测定，不得少于18.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of water-soluble Extractives <2201,the cold maceration method>, not less than 18.0 per cent.

含量测定 Assay

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

精密称取经105°C干燥至恒重的无水葡萄糖对照品50mg，置50ml量瓶中，加水溶解并稀释至刻度，摇匀，即得（每1ml中含无水葡萄糖1mg）。
Accurately weigh 50 mg of anhydrous glucose reference substance dried at 105°C to constant weight, place it in a 50 ml volumetric flask, dissolve it in water and dilute to the mark, shake well, and obtain (1 mg of anhydrous glucose per 1 ml).

标准曲线的制备 Preparation of standard curve

精密量取对照品溶液2.0ml、2.5ml、3.0ml、3.5ml、4.0ml、4.5ml，分别置50ml量瓶中，加水至刻度，摇匀，精密量取上述各溶液1ml，分别置棕色具塞试管中，分别加0.2%蒽酮-硫酸溶液4.0ml，混匀，迅速置冰水浴中冷却后，置沸水浴中加热10分钟，取出，置冰水浴中放置5分钟，室温放置10分钟，以相应试剂为空白，照紫外-可见分光光度法（通则0401），在580nm的波长处测定吸光度，以吸光度为纵坐标，浓度为横坐标，绘制标准曲线。
Accurately measure 2.0 ml, 2.5 ml, 3.0 ml, 3.5 ml, 4.0 ml, and 4.5 ml of the reference solution, respectively, place them in 50 ml volumetric flasks, add water to the mark, shake well, accurately take 1 ml of each of the above solutions, respectively, place them in brown stoppered test tubes, add 4.0 ml of 0.2% anthrone-sulfuric acid solution, mix well, quickly cool in an ice water bath, place in a boiling water bath for 10 minutes, remove, place in an ice water bath for 5 minutes, and place at room temperature for 10 minutes. Use the corresponding reagent as a blank, determine the absorbance at a wavelength of 580 nm according to the ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometric method <0401>, and plot the standard curve with absorbance as the ordinate and concentration as the abscissa.

测定法 Method of determination

取本品粉末（过四号筛）约1g，精密称定，置圆底烧瓶中，精密加水100ml，称定重量，加热回流2小时，放冷，再称定重量，用水补足减失的重量，摇匀，离心，精密量取上清液1.5ml，加乙醇7.5ml，摇匀，离心，取沉淀加水溶解，置50ml量瓶中，并稀释至刻度，摇匀，精密量取1ml，照标准曲线的制备项下的方法，自“加0.2%蒽酮-硫酸溶液4.0ml”起，依法测定吸光度，从标准曲线上读出供试品溶液中含无水葡萄糖的重量（mg），计算，即得。
Take about 1g of the powder (sieve No.4), weigh it precisely, put it in a round-bottomed flask, add 100ml of water precisely, weigh it, reflux it for 2 hours, cool it, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with water, shake it well, centrifugate it, measure 1.5ml of the supernatant precisely, add 7.5ml of ethanol, shake it well, centrifugate it, take the precipitate and add water to dissolve it, put it into a 50ml measuring flask and dilute it to the scale, shake it well, and take 1ml of it according to the method under the preparation of the standard curve. Precision measure 1ml, according to the method under the preparation of the standard curve, since "add 0.2% anthrone - sulfuric acid solution 4.0ml", according to the law to determine the absorbance, from the standard curve to read out the weight of anhydrous glucose in the test solution (mg), calculated, that is, obtained.

本品按干燥品计算，含百合多糖以无水葡萄糖（Ｃ6H12O6）计，不得少于21.0%。
This product contains not less than 21.0% of lily polysaccharides in terms of anhydrous glucose (C6H12O6), calculated as dried product.

饮片 Prepared slices

百合 Lily bulb

炮制 Processing

除去杂质。
Remove impurities.

蜜百合 Honey-fried lily bulb

炮制 Processing

取净百合，照蜜炙法（通则0213）炒至不粘手。
Take clean lily bulb, fry it according to the honey-fried method <0213> until it is not sticky.

每100kg百合，用炼蜜5kg。
For every 100kg of lily, use 5kg of refined honey.

性状 Description

本品形如百合，表面棕黄色，偶见焦斑，略带黏性。味甜。
This product is shaped like a lily, with a brownish-yellow surface, occasional scorched spots, and slightly sticky. Taste sweet.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

性 Property

寒。
Cold.

味 Flavor

甘。
Sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归心、肺经。
Heart and lung meridians.

功能 Actions

养阴润肺，清心安神。
Nourish yin and moisten the lungs, clear the heart and calm the mind.

主治 Indications

用于阴虚燥咳，劳嗽咳血，虚烦惊悸，失眠多梦，精神恍惚。
Used for yin deficiency dry cough, coughing up blood due to lung deficiency, restlessness and palpitations due to deficiency, insomnia and excessive dreaming, mental confusion.

用量 Dosage

6～12g。
6-12 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处。
Store in a well-ventilated and dry place.

百合

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为百合科植物卷丹Lilium lancifolium Thunb.、百合Lilium brownii F.E.Brown var.viridulum Baker或细叶百合Lilium pumilum DC.的干燥肉质鳞叶。秋季采挖，洗净，剥取鳞叶，置沸水中略烫，干燥。
Lily bulb is the dried fleshy scale leaf of Lilium lancifolium Thunb., Lilium brownii F. E. Brown var. viridulum Baker or Lilium pumilum DC. The drug is collected in autumn, and washed clean. The scale leaves are stripped off, treated with boiling water for a moment, and dried.

性状 Description

本品呈长椭圆形，长2～5cm，宽1～2cm，中部厚1.3～4mm。表面黄白色至淡棕黄色，有的微带紫色，有数条纵直平行的白色维管束。顶端稍尖，基部较宽，边缘薄，微波状，略向内弯曲。质硬而脆，断面较平坦，角质样。气微，味微苦。
Elongated elliptical, 2-5 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, 1.3-4 mm thick at middle. Externally yellowish-white to pale brownish-yellow, some showing purple with several longitudinal and parallel white vascular bundles. Apex somewhat acute, base relatively broad, margins thin, undulate, slightly curved inwards. Texture hard and fragile, fracture relatively even, horny. Odour, slight; taste, slightly bitter.

鉴别 Identification

取本品粉末1g，加甲醇10ml，超声处理20分钟，滤过，滤液浓缩至1ml，作为供试品溶液。另取百合对照药材1g，同法制成对照药材溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各10µl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）-乙酸乙酯-甲酸（15：5：1）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%磷钼酸乙醇溶液，加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
To 1 g of the powder add 10 ml of methanol, ultrasonicate for 20 minutes and filter. Concentrate the filtrate to 1 ml as the test solution. Prepare a solution of 1 g of Lily Bulb reference drug in the same manner as the reference drug solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and the upper layer of a mixture of petroleum ether (60-90℃), ethyl acetate, and formic acid (15:5:1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 10 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air, spray with a 10% solution of phosphomolybdic acid in ethanol and heat to the spots clear. The spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and color to the spots obtained with the reference drug solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过14.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 14.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过8.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 8.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照水溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的冷浸法测定，不得少于18.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of water-soluble extractive<2201, the old maceration method>, not less than 18.0 per cent.

饮片 Prepared slices

百合 Lily Bulb

炮制 Processing

除去杂质。
Eliminate foreign matter.

蜜百合 Honeyed Lily Bulb

取净百合，照蜜炙法（通则0213）炒至不粘手。
每100kg百合，用炼蜜5kg。

性 Property

寒。
Cold.

味 Flavor

甘。
Sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归心、肺经。
Heart and lung meridians.

功能 Actions

养阴润肺，清心安神。
To nourish yin, moisten the lung, clear the heart, and tranquilize the mind.

主治 Indications

用于阴虚燥咳，劳嗽咳血，虚烦惊悸，失眠多梦，精神恍惚。
Yin deficiency dryness cough, cough caused by consumptive disease, hemoptysis, deficiency vexation, fright palpitations, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep, absent-mindedness.

用量 Dosage

6～12g。
6-12 g.

用法 Administration

后下。
Add when the decoction is nearly done.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处。
Preserve in a ventilated dry place.