五加皮

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为五加科植物细柱五加Acanthopanax gracilistylus W. W. Smith的干燥根皮。夏、秋二季采挖根部，洗净，剥取根皮，晒干。
Acanthopanax Bark is the dried root bark of Acanthopanax gracilistylus W. W. Smith (Fam. Araliaceae). The drug is collected in summer and autumn, the root is dug out, washed, the bark is removed, and dried in the shade.

性状 Description

本品呈不规则卷筒状，长5～15 cm，直径0.4～1.4 cm，厚约0.2 cm。外表面灰褐色，有稍扭曲的纵皱纹和横长皮孔样斑痕；内表面淡黄色或灰黄色，有细纵纹。体轻，质脆，易折断，断面不整齐，灰白色。气微香，味微辣而苦。
Bark irregularly rolled, 5-15 cm long, 0.4-1.4 cm in diameter, about 0.2 cm thick. Outer surface grayish-brown, with slightly twisted longitudinal wrinkles and transverse long bark pore-like scars; inner surface pale yellow or grayish-yellow, with fine longitudinal stripes. Light in weight, brittle in texture, easily broken, uneven fracture, grayish-white. Odour, slightly aromatic; taste, slightly pungent and bitter.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品横切面：木栓层为数列细胞。栓内层窄，有少数分泌道散在。韧皮部宽广，外侧有裂隙，射线宽1～5列细胞；分泌道较多，周围分泌细胞4～11个。薄壁细胞含草酸钙簇晶及细小淀粉粒。
(1) Quercus cortex: Cork cells arranged in rows. Inner cork layer narrow, with a few scattered secretory ducts. Phloem broad, with cracks on the outer side, rays 1-5 cells wide; numerous secretory ducts, surrounded by 4-11 secretory cells. Thin-walled cells containing cluster crystals of calcium oxalate and small starch grains.

粉末 灰白色。草酸钙簇晶直径8～64 μm，有时含晶细胞连接，簇晶排列成行。木栓细胞长方形或多角形，壁薄；老根皮的木栓细胞有时壁不均匀增厚，有少数纹孔。分泌道碎片含无色或淡黄色分泌物。淀粉粒甚多，单粒多角形或类球形，直径2～8 μm；复粒由2分粒至数十分粒组成。
Powder grayish-white. Cluster crystals of calcium oxalate 8-64 μm in diameter, sometimes connected with crystal cells, arranged in rows. Cork cells rectangular or polygonal, with thin walls; cork cells in old root bark sometimes have unevenly thickened walls, with a few lenticels. Fragments of secretory ducts containing colorless or pale yellow secretions. Numerous starch grains, single grains polygonal or nearly spherical, 2-8 μm in diameter; compound grains consisting of 2 to several tens of grains.

（2）取本品粉末0.2 g，加二氯甲烷10 ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液回收溶剂至干，残渣加二氯甲烷1 ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取五加皮对照药材0.2 g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取异贝壳杉烯酸对照品，加甲醇制成每1 ml含2 mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述三种溶液各3 μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）-乙酸乙酯-甲酸（10∶3∶0.1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%硫酸乙醇溶液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰，分别置日光和紫外光灯（365 nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应的位置上，日光下显相同颜色的斑点；紫外光下显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
(2) To 0.2 g of the powder add 10 ml of methylene chloride, treat with ultrasound for 30 minutes, filter, recover the solvent from the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of methylene chloride as the test solution. Take 0.2 g of the reference drug Acanthopanax Bark, prepare the reference drug solution in the same manner. Take the reference substance Isobavachin, dissolve it in methanol to produce a solution containing 2 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of petroleum ether(60-90°C), ethyl acetate and formic acid(10:3:0.1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 3 μl of each of the above three solutions. After developing and removal of the plate,dry in air. Spray with a 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol, heat at 105°C to the spots clear. Examine under daylight and ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresp ond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatograms obtained with the reference drug solution and the reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过11.5%（通则2302）。
Not more than 11.5 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过3.5%（通则2302）。
Not more than 3.5 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用乙醇作溶剂，不得少于10.5%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the hot maceration method>, using ethanol as the solvent,not less than 10.5 per cent.

饮片 Prepared slices

五加皮 Acanthopanax Bark

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，洗净，润透，切厚片，干燥。
Eliminate Foreign matter,wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into thick slices, and dry in the sun.

性状 Description

本品呈不规则的厚片。外表面灰褐色，有稍扭曲的纵皱纹及横长皮孔样斑痕；内表面淡黄色或灰黄色，有细纵纹。切面不整齐，灰白色。气微香，味微辣而苦。
This product is in the form of irregular thick slices. The outer surface is grey-brown with slightly twisted longitudinal wrinkles and long transverse lenticel-like markings; the inner surface is pale yellow or grey-yellow with fine longitudinal lines. The cut surface is untidy and greyish-white. Slightly fragrant, slightly spicy and bitter taste.

鉴别 Identification

（除横切面外）同药材。
(Except cross section) Same as the crude drug.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

同药材。不得过11.0%。
Same as the crude drug. Not more than 11.0 per cent.

总灰分 Total ash

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

浸出物 Extractives

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

毒性 Toxicity

无。
None.

味 Flavor

辛、苦。
Pungent and bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝、肾经。
Liver and kidney meridians.

功能 Actions

祛风除湿，补益肝肾，强筋壮骨，利水消肿。
To dispel wind and eliminate dampness, nourish the liver and kidney, strengthen tendons and bones, and promote diuresis and reduce swelling.

主治 Indications

用于风湿痹病，筋骨痿软，小儿行迟，体虚乏力，水肿，脚气。
Rheumatic arthralgia, weakness and flaccidity of tendons and bones, delayed walking in children, physical weakness and fatigue, edema, and beriberi.

用量 Dosage

5～10 g。
5-10 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处，防霉，防蛀。
Store in a dry place, protect from mold and insects.

五加皮

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为五加科植物细柱五加Acanthoppanax gracilistylus W. W. Smith.的干燥根皮。夏、秋二季采挖根部，洗净，剥取根皮，晒干。
Slenderstyle Acanthopanax Bark is the dried root bark of Acanthopanax gracilistylus W. W. Smith (Fam. Araliaceae). The root is collected in summer and autumn, washed clean, the bark is stripped off, and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品呈不规则卷简状，长5～15cm，直径0.4～1.4cm，厚约0.2cm。外表面灰褐色，有稍扭曲的纵皱纹和横长皮孔样瘢痕[1]；内表面淡黄色或灰黄色，有细纵纹。体轻，质脆，易折断，断面不整齐，灰白色。气微香，味微辣而苦。
Irregular quills, 5-15 cm long, 0.4-1.4 cm in diameter, about 2 mm thick. Outer surface greyish-brown, with slightly twisted longitudinal wrinkles and transverse lenticel-like scars; inner surface pale yellow or greyish-yellow, with fine longitudinal striations. Texture light, fragile, easily broken, fracture uneven, greyish-white. Odour, slightly aromatic; taste, slightly pungent and bitter.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品横切面：木栓层为数列细胞。栓内层窄，有少数分泌道散在。韧皮部宽广，外侧有裂隙，射线宽1～5列细胞；分泌道较多，周围分泌细胞4～11个。薄壁细胞含草酸钙簇晶及细小淀粉粒。
粉末灰白色。草酸钙簇晶直径8～64μm，有时含晶细胞连接，簇晶排列成行。木栓细胞长方形或多角形，壁薄；老根皮的木栓细胞有时壁不均匀增厚，有少数纹孔。分泌道碎片含无色或淡黄色分泌物。淀粉粒甚多，单粒多角形或类球形，直径2～8μm；复粒由2分粒至数十分粒组成。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过11.5%（通则2302）。
Not more than 11.5 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过3.5%（通则2302）。
Not more than 3.5 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用乙醇作溶剂，不得少于10.5%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201, the hot extraction method>, using ethanol as the solvent, not less than 10.5 per cent.

饮片 Prepared slices

五加皮 Slenderstyle Acanthopanax Bark

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，洗净，润透，切厚片，干燥。
Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into thick slices, and dry in the sun.

性 Property

辛、苦，温。
Warm; pungent and bitter.

味 Flavor

微辣而苦。
Slightly pungent and bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝、肾经。
Liver and kidney meridians.

功能 Actions

祛风除湿，补益肝肾，强筋壮骨，利水消肿。
To dispel wind, remove dampness, tonify and replenish the liver and kidney, strengthen sinew and bone, promote urination and alleviate edema.

主治 Indications

用于风湿痹病，筋骨痿软，小儿行迟，体虚乏力，水肿，脚气。
Wind-dampness bi disorder, limp wilting sinew and bone, infantile retardation in walking, weak constitution and lack of strength, edema, and tinea pedis.

用量 Dosage

5～10g。
5-10 g.

用法 Administration

无特殊要求。
No special requirements.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处，防霉，防蛀。
Preserve in a dry place, and protect from mould and moth.