蓼大青叶

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为蓼科植物蓼蓝Polygonum tinctorium Ait.的干燥叶。夏、秋二季枝叶茂盛时采收两次，除去茎枝和杂质，干燥。
Polygonum Tinctorium Leaf is the dried leaf of Polygonum tinctorium Ait. (Fam. Polygonaceae). The drug is collected twice in summer and autumn when the branches and leaves are luxuriant, removed from stems and impurities, and dried.

性状 Description

本品多皱缩、破碎，完整者展平后呈椭圆形，长3～8cm，宽2～5cm。蓝绿色或黑蓝色，先端钝，基部渐狭，全缘。叶脉浅黄棕色，于下表面略突起。叶柄扁平，偶带膜质托叶鞘。质脆。气微，味微涩而稍苦。
Leaves irregularly crumpled and broken, when whole, elliptical, 3-8 cm long, 2-5 cm wide. Bluish-green or blackish-blue, obtuse at apex, gradually tapering at base, entire at margin. Venation shallow yellowish-brown, slightly raised on lower surface. Petiole flattened, occasionally with membranous stipule sheath. Texture brittle. Odour, slight; taste, slightly astringent and bitter.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品叶表面观：表皮细胞多角形，垂周壁平直或微波状弯曲；气孔平轴式，少数不等式。腺毛头部4～8细胞；柄2个细胞并列，亦有多细胞构成多列的。非腺毛多列性，壁木化增厚，常见于叶片边缘和主脉处。叶肉组织含多量蓝色至蓝黑色色素颗粒。草酸钙簇晶多见，直径12～80μm。
(1) Epidermal cells polygonal, with straight or slightly wavy periclinal walls; stomata paracytic, a few anisocytic. Glandular hairs with 4-8 cells in the head; non-glandular hairs multicellular, with lignified and thickened walls, often present at the margin and midrib of the leaf. Mesophyll containing numerous blue to blackish-blue pigment granules. Cluster crystals of calcium oxalate frequently observed, measuring 12-80 μm in diameter.

（2）取〔含量测定〕项下供试品溶液10ml，浓缩至1ml，作为供试品溶液。另取靛蓝对照品，加三氯甲烷制成每1ml含1mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各5μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以苯-三氯甲烷-丙酮（5∶4∶1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同的蓝色斑点。
(2) To the test solution (10 ml) prepared under the "Assay" section, concentrate to 1 ml as the test solution. Prepare a solution of Indigo Carmine CRS in chloroform to contain 1 mg per ml as the Reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of benzene, chloroform and acetone (5:4:1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 5 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. The blue spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the Reference solution.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
The determination is performed by high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-水（60∶40）为流动相；检测波长为604nm。理论板数按靛蓝峰计算应不低于1800。
Using octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase, methanol-water (60:40) as the mobile phase, and detection wavelength at 604 nm. The theoretical plate number calculated from the peak of indigo carmine should not be less than 1800.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取靛蓝对照品2.5mg，精密称定，置250ml量瓶中，加2%水合氯醛的三氯甲烷溶液（取水合氯醛，置硅胶干燥器中放置24小时，称取2.0g，加三氯甲烷至100ml，放置，出现浑浊，以无水硫酸钠脱水，滤过，即得）约200ml，超声处理（功率250W，频率33kHz）1.5小时，取出，放冷至室温，加2%水合氯醛的三氯甲烷溶液至刻度，摇匀，即得（每1ml中含靛蓝10μg）。
Prepare a solution of Indigo Carmine CRS by accurately weighing 2.5 mg of Indigo Carmine CRS, placing it in a 250 ml volumetric flask, adding about 200 ml of a 2% solution of chloral hydrate in chloroform (prepare the solution of chloral hydrate by placing chloral hydrate in a desiccator containing silica gel for 24 hours, accurately weighing 2.0 g, adding chloroform to 100 ml, allowing to stand until turbidity appears, dehydrating with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and filtering), subjecting to ultrasonic treatment (250 W, 33 kHz) for 1.5 hours, removing, allowing to cool to room temperature, adding a 2% solution of chloral hydrate in chloroform to the mark, shaking well, and mixing (each ml contains 10 μg of Indigo Carmine).

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品细粉约25mg，精密称定，置25ml量瓶中，加2%水合氯醛的三氯甲烷溶液约20ml，超声处理（功率250W，频率33kHz）1.5小时，取出，放冷，加2%水合氯醛的三氯甲烷溶液至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Prepare a solution of the test substance by accurately weighing about 25 mg of the powder of the test substance, placing it in a 25 ml volumetric flask, adding about 20 ml of a 2% solution of chloral hydrate in chloroform, subjecting to ultrasonic treatment (250 W, 33 kHz) for 1.5 hours, removing, allowing to cool, adding a 2% solution of chloral hydrate in chloroform to the mark, shaking well, filtering, and collecting the filtrate.

测定法 Assay method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各4～10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately measure 4-10 μl of the solution of the reference substance and the solution of the test substance, respectively, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品按干燥品计算，含靛蓝（C16H10N2O2）不得少于0.55%。
Calculate the content of Indigo Carmine (C16H10N2O2) in the dried drug. It should not be less than 0.55%.

性 Property

寒。
Cold.

味 Flavor

苦。
Bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归心、胃经。
It enters the Heart and Stomach meridians.

功能 Actions

清热解毒，凉血消斑。
Clears heat and detoxifies, cools blood and removes spots.

主治 Indications

用于温病发热，发斑发疹，肺热咳喘，喉痹，痄腮，丹毒，痈肿。
Used for febrile diseases with fever, rashes, lung heat with cough and wheezing, sore throat, mumps, erysipelas, and carbuncles.

用量 Dosage

9～15g。
9-15g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处。
Store in a well-ventilated and dry place.

蓼大青叶

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为蓼科植物蓼蓝Polygonum tinctorium Ait.的干燥叶。夏、秋二季枝叶茂盛时采收两次，除去茎枝和杂质，干燥。
Indigoplant Leaf is the dried leaf of Polygonum tinctorium Ait. (Fam. Polygonaceae). The drug is collected twice in summer and autumn when foliage branch growing luxuriantly, removed from stem and foreign matter, and dried.

性状 Description

本品多皱缩、破碎，完整者展平后呈椭圆形，长3～8cm，宽2～5cm。蓝绿色或黑蓝色，先端钝，基部渐狭，全缘。叶脉浅黄棕色，于下表面略突起。叶柄扁平，偶带膜质托叶鞘。质脆。气微，味微涩而稍苦。
Mostly crumpled and broken, when whole, elliptical, 3-8 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, bluish-green or blackish-blue, apex obtuse, base attenuate, margin entire. Veins pale yellowish-brown, slightly prominent on the lower surface. Petioles flattened, occasionally with membranaceous ochrea. Texture fragile. Odour, slight; taste, slightly astringent and bitter.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品叶表面观：表皮细胞多角形，垂周壁平直或微波状弯曲；气孔平轴式，少数不等式。腺毛头部4～8细胞；柄2个细胞并列，亦有多细胞构成多列的。非腺毛多列性，壁木化增厚，常见于叶片边缘和主脉处。叶肉组织含多量蓝色至蓝黑色色素颗粒。草酸钙簇晶多见，直径12～80μm。
（2）取〔含量测定〕项下三氯甲烷溶液10ml，浓缩至1ml，作为供试品溶液。另取靛蓝对照品，加三氯甲烷制成每1ml含1mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各5μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以苯-三氯甲烷-丙酮（5：4：1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同的蓝色斑点。

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic system and system suitability

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-水（60：40）为流动相；检测波长为604mn。理论板数按靛蓝峰计算应不低于1800。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase and a mixture of methanol and water (6 : 4) as the mobile phase. As detector a spectrophotometer set at 604 nm. The number of theoretical plates of the column is not less than 1800, calculated with the reference to the peak of indigo.

对照品溶液的制备 Reference solution

取靛蓝对照品2.5mg，精密称定，置250ml量瓶中，加2%水合氯醛的三氯甲烷溶液（取水合氯醛，置硅胶干燥器中放置24小时，称取2.0g，加三氯甲烷至100ml，放置，出现浑浊，以无水硫酸钠脱水，滤过，即得）约200ml，超声处理（功率250W，频率33kHz）l.5小时，取出，放冷至室温，加2%水合氯醛的三氯甲烷溶液至刻度，摇匀，即得（每1ml中含靛蓝10μg）。
Dissolve 2.5 mg of indigo CRS, accurately weighed, in a 250 ml volumetric flask, add about 200 ml of a 2% solution of chloral hydrate in chloroform (weigh 2.0 g of chloral hydrate, previously dried over silica gel in a desiccator for 24 hours, add chloroform to 100 ml, allow to stand until the solution is turbid, dehydrate with anhydrous sodium sulfate and filter), ultrasonicate (power 250 W, frequency 33 kHz) for 1.5 hours, allow to cool, dilute with a 2% solution of chloral hydrate in chloroform to volume, and mix well (containing 10 μg of indigo per ml) as the reference solution.

供试品溶液的制备 Test solution

取本品细粉约25mg，精密称定，置25ml量瓶中，加2%水合氯醛的三氯甲烷溶液约20ml，超声处理（功率250W，频率33kHz）1.5小时，取出，放冷，加2%水合氯醛的三氯甲烷溶液至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Weigh accurately 25 mg of the fine powder in a 25 ml volumetric flask, add about 20 ml of a 2% solution of chloral hydrate in chloroform, ultrasonicate (power 250 W, frequency 33 kHz) for 1.5 hours, allow to cool, dilute with a 2% solution of chloral hydrate in chloroform to volume, mix well and filter. Use the successive filtrate as the test solution.

测定法 Procedure

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各4～10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Inject accurately 4-10 of each of the reference solution and the test solution, respectively, into the column, and calculate the content.

本品按干燥品计算，含靛蓝（C16H10N202）不得少于0.55%。
It contains not less than 0.55 per cent of indigo (C16H10N2O2).

性 Property

苦，寒。
Bitter, cold.

味 Flavor

苦，微涩而稍苦。
Slightly astringent and bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归心、胃经。
Heart and stomach meridians.

功能 Actions

清热解毒，凉血消斑。
To clear heat, remove toxin, cool the blood and resolve macule.

主治 Indications

用于温病发热，发斑发瘆，肺热咳喘，喉痹，痄腮，丹毒，痈肿。
Warm disease with fever, macula and papule eruption, cough and panting caused by lung-heat, throat bi disorder, mumps, erysipelas, and swelling abscess.

用量 Dosage

9～15g。
9-15 g.

用法 Administration

无。
N/A

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处。
Preserve in a ventilated and dry place.