丁香

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为桃金娘科植物丁香Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb.的干燥花蕾。当花蕾由绿色转红时采摘，晒干。
Clove Flower Bud is the dried flower bud of Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. (Fam. Myrtaceae). The drug is collected when the flower bud turns from green to red, and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品略呈研棒状，长1～2cm。花冠圆球形，直径0.3～0.5cm，花瓣4，复瓦状抱合，棕褐色或褐黄色，花瓣内为雄蕊和花柱，搓碎后可见众多黄色细粒状的花药。萼筒圆柱状，略扁，有的稍弯曲，长0.7～1.4cm，直径0.3～0.6cm，红棕色或棕褐色，上部有4枚三角状的萼片，十字状分开。质坚实，富油性。气芳香浓烈，味辛辣、有麻舌感。
The drug is slightly cylindrical, measuring 1-2 cm long. The corolla is globose, measuring 0.3-0.5 cm in diameter, with 4 petals, imbricate, brownish-brown or brownish-yellow. The stamens and pistil are located inside the petals, and numerous yellow granular anthers can be seen when crushed. The calyx tube is cylindrical, slightly flattened, sometimes slightly curved, measuring 0.7-1.4 cm long and 0.3-0.6 cm in diameter, reddish-brown or brownish-brown, with 4 triangular sepals at the upper part, arranged in a cross shape. The texture is firm and oily. It has a strong aromatic odor, a pungent taste, and a numbing sensation on the tongue.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品萼筒中部横切面：表皮细胞1列，有较厚角质层。皮层外侧散有2～3列径向延长的椭圆形油室，长150～200μm；其下有20～50个小型双韧维管束，断续排列成环，维管束外围有少数中柱鞘纤维，壁厚，木化。内侧为数列薄壁细胞组成的通气组织，有大型腔隙。中心轴柱薄壁组织间散有多数细小维管束，薄壁细胞含众多细小草酸钙簇晶。
The transverse section of the middle part of the calyx tube: the epidermal cells are arranged in a single row, with a thick cuticle layer. On the outer side of the cortex, there are 2-3 rows of elongated elliptical oil cells, measuring 150-200μm in length. Below them, there are 20-50 small collateral vascular bundles, arranged intermittently in a ring shape, with a few middle column sheath fibers on the outer periphery of the vascular bundles, thickened and lignified. On the inner side, there is a ventilating tissue composed of several rows of thin-walled cells, with large cavities. In the thin-walled tissue between the central axis and the column, there are numerous small vascular bundles, and the thin-walled cells contain numerous small clusters of calcium oxalate crystals.

粉末暗红棕色。纤维梭形，顶端钝圆，壁较厚。花粉粒众多，极面观三角形，赤道表面观双凸镜形，具3副合沟。草酸钙簇晶众多，直径4～26μm，存在于较小的薄壁细胞中。油室多破碎，分泌细胞界限不清，含黄色油状物。
The powder is dark reddish-brown. The fibers are fusiform with a blunt round tip and thick walls. There are numerous pollen grains, which are triangular in polar view and biconvex in equatorial view, with 3 furrows. There are many clusters of calcium oxalate crystals, with a diameter of 4-26μm, present in smaller thin-walled cells. The oil cells are mostly broken, with unclear boundaries of secretory cells and containing yellow oily substances.

（2）取本品粉末0.5g，加乙醚5ml，振摇数分钟，滤过，滤液作为供试品溶液。另取丁香酚对照品，加乙醚制成每1ml含16μ1的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各5μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）-乙酸乙酯（9∶1）为展开剂，展开，取岀，晾干，喷以5%香草醛硫酸溶液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
Take 0.5g of the powder, add 5ml of ether, shake for a few minutes, filter, and use the filtrate as the test solution. Take clove phenol reference substance, add ether to make a solution containing 16μ1 per ml, and use it as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of petroleum ether(60-90°C)and ethyl acetate(9:1)as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 5 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 5% solution of vanillin sulfuric acid, heat at 105°C to the spots clear. The spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.

检查 Examination

杂质 Impurities

不得过4%（通则2301）。
Not more than 4.0 per cent <2301>.

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832,method 4>.

含量测定 Assay

照气相色谱法（通则0521）测定。
Determine by gas chromatography <0521>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以聚乙二醇20000（PEG- 20M）为固定相，涂布浓度为10%；柱温190℃。理论板数按 丁香酚峰计算应不低于1500。
Use polyethylene glycol 20000 (PEG-20M) as the stationary phase, with a coating concentration of 10%; column temperature at 190°C. The theoretical number of plates calculated based on the peak of eugenol should not be less than 1500.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取丁香酚对照品适量，精密称定，加正己烷制成每1ml含2mg的溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of eugenol reference substance, accurately weigh, add n-hexane to make a solution containing 2 mg per 1 ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过二号筛）约0.3g，精密称定，精密加入正己烷20ml，称定重量，超声处理15分钟，放置至室温，再称定重量，用正己烷补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 0.3 g of the powder of this medicinal material (passed through a No. 2 sieve), accurately weigh, add n-hexane 20 ml accurately, weigh again, treat with ultrasound for 15 minutes, let it stand at room temperature, weigh again, make up for the lost weight with n-hexane, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate.

测定法 Assay method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各1μl，注入气相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Precisely draw 1 μl of the reference solution and the test solution, respectively, inject into the gas chromatograph, and determine.

本品含丁香酚（C10H12O2）不得少于11.0%。
The content of eugenol (C10H12O2) in this product should not be less than 11.0 per cent.

饮片 Prepared slices

丁香 Clove

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，筛去灰屑。用时捣碎。
Remove impurities, sift out the ash, and crush when used.

性状 Description

同药材。
Same as the medicinal material.

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the medicinal material.

检查 Examination

同药材。
Same as the medicinal material.

含量测定 Assay

同药材。
Same as the medicinal material.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

辛。
Pungent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归脾、胃、肺、肾经。
Spleen, stomach, lung, and kidney meridians.

功能 Actions

温中降逆，补肾助阳。
Warm the middle and descend rebellious Qi, tonify the kidney and assist Yang.

主治 Indications

用于脾胃虚寒，呃逆呕吐，食少吐泻，心腹冷痛，肾虚阳痿。
Used for spleen and stomach deficiency cold, belching and vomiting, poor appetite, vomiting and diarrhea, cold pain in the abdomen, kidney deficiency and impotence.

用量 Dosage

1～3g。
1-3 g.

用法 Administration

内服或研末外敷。
Taken orally or applied topically as powder.

注意 Precautions

不宜与郁金同用。
Not suitable for use with Curcuma.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处。
Store in a cool and dry place.

丁香

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为桃金娘科植物丁香Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb.的干燥花蕾。当花蕾由绿色转红时采摘，晒干。
Clove is the dried flower bud of Eugenia caryo-phyllata Thunb. (Fam. Myrtaceae). The drug is collected when it turns from green to red, and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品略呈研棒状，长1～2cm。花冠圆球形，直径0.3～0.5cm，花瓣4，复瓦状抱合，棕褐色或褐黄色，花瓣内为雄蕊和花柱，搓碎后可见众多黄色细粒状的花药。萼筒圆柱状，略扁，有的稍弯曲，长0.7～1.4cm，直径0.3～0.6cm，红棕色或棕褐色，上部有4枚三角状的萼片，十字状分开。质坚实，富油性。气芳香浓烈，味辛辣、有麻舌感。
Pestle-shaped, 1-2 cm long. Corolla globular, 0. 3-0. 5 cm in diameter, petals 4, imbricated, dark brown to brownish-yellow, enclosing stamens and style. After rubbing into pieces, numerous yellow and granular anthers visible. Calyx tube cylindrical, slightly flattened, sometimes slightly curved, 0. 7-1. 4 cm long, 0. 3-0. 6 cm in diameter, reddish-brown or dark brown, sepals 4, trian-gular, occurring at the upper part, separating in cruciform. Texture hard, oily. Odour, strongly aromatic; taste, pungent and numb.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品萼筒中部横切面：表皮细胞1列，有较厚角质层。皮层外侧散有2～3列径向延长的椭圆形油室，长150～200μm；其下有20～50个小型双韧维管束，断续排列成环，维管束外围有少数中柱鞘纤维，壁厚，木化。内侧为数列薄壁细胞组成的通气组织，有大型腔隙。中心轴柱薄壁组织间散有多数细小维管束，薄壁细胞含众多细小草酸钙簇晶。
粉末暗红棕色。纤维梭形，顶端钝圆，壁较厚。花粉粒众多，极面观三角形，赤道表面观双凸镜形，具3副合沟。草酸钙簇晶众多，直径4～26μm，存在于较小的薄壁细胞中。油室多破碎，分泌细胞界限不清，含黄色油状物。

检查 Examination

杂质 Foreign matter

不得过4%（通则2301）。
Not more than 4 per cent<2301>.

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 12. 0 per cent<0832, method 4>.

含量测定 Assay

照气相色谱法（通则0521）测定。
Carry out the method for gas chromatography<0521>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验以聚乙二醇20000（PEG-20M）为固定相，涂布浓度为10%；柱温190℃。理论板数按丁香酚峰计算应不低于1500。
Chromatographic system and system suitability Use 10% polyethylene glycol (PEG)-20 M as the stationary phase and maintain the column temperature at 190℃. The number of theoretical plates of the column is not less than 1500, calculated with reference to the peak of eugenol.

对照品溶液的制备取丁香酚对照品适量，精密称定，加正己烷制成每1ml含2mg的溶液，即得。
Reference solution Dissolve a quantity of eugenol CRS, accurately weighed, in hexane to produce a solution of 2 mg per ml.

供试品溶液的制备取本品粉末（过二号筛）约0.3g，精密称定，精密加入正己烷20ml，称定重量，超声处理15分钟，放置至室温，再称定重量，用正己烷补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Test solution To about 0. 3 g of the powder (through No. 2 sieve), accurately weighed, add 20 ml of hexane, accurately measured, weigh and ultrasonicate for 15 minutes, allow to cool to room temperature and weigh again, replenish the loss of the solvent with hexane, mix well, and filter.

测定法分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各1μl，注入气相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Procedure Inject accurately l μl of each of the two solutions into the column, and calculate the content.

本品含丁香酚（C10H12O2）不得少于11.0%。
It contains not less than 11. 0 per cent of eugenol (C10H12O2), calculated with the dried drug.

饮片 Prepared slices

丁香 Clove

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，筛去灰屑。用时捣碎。
Eliminate foreign matter and sift the dust. Pound to pieces before use.

性 Property

辛，温。
Warm; pungent.

味 Flavor

辛，温。
Warm; pungent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归脾、胃、肺、肾经。
Spleen, stomach, lung and kidney meri-dians.

功能 Actions

温中降逆，补肾助阳。
To warm the middle energizer, downbear counterflow, tonify the kidney and assist yang.

主治 Indications

用于脾胃虚寒，呃逆呕吐，食少吐泻，心腹冷痛，肾虚阳痿。
Spleen-stomach deficiency cold; hiccup and vomiting; low appetite, vomiting and diarrhea; cold pain in the heart and abdomen, impotence caused by kidney deficiency.

用量 Dosage

1～3g。
1-3 g.

用法 Administration

内服或研末外敷。
For oral administration or grind it into powder for topical application.

注意 Precautions and Warnings

不宜与郁金同用。
Incompatible with Curcumae.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处。
Preserve in a cool and dry place.