净女萎:净制女萎
Jing-nv-wei: Nv-wei processed by cleaning.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

祛风除湿，温中理气，利尿消食。
Dispelling wind and dampness, warming the middle, regulating qi, promoting diuresis, and aiding digestion.

主治 Indications

风湿痹证，吐泻，痢疾，腹痛肠鸣，小便不利，水肿。
Wind-damp arthralgia syndrome, vomiting and diarrhea, dysentery, abdominal pain with borborygmus, difficult urination, and edema.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，15-30g。外用：适量，鲜品捣敷；或煎水熏洗。
Internal use: Decoction, 15-30g. External use: appropriate amount, fresh product mashed for application; or decocted in water for fumigation and washing.

注意事项 Precautions

本品内服剂量不可过大，否则可引起胃部不适，呕吐，腹泻，食欲大减，头痛，胸闷，四肢无力或面部浮肿。
The internal dosage of this product should not be too large, otherwise it may cause stomach discomfort, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, headache, chest tightness, weakness in the limbs, or facial swelling.

化学成分 Chemical Composition

根含乙酰齐墩果酸（acetyl oleanolic acid），齐墩果酸（oleanolic acid），常春藤皂甙元（hederagenin），豆甾醇（stigmasterol），β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol）；花、叶含槲素（quercetin），山柰酚（kaempferol）等黄酮类化合物。
Roots contain acetyl oleanolic acid, oleanolic acid, hederagenin, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol; flowers and leaves contain flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《新修本草》：主风寒洒酒，霍乱，泄痢，肠鸣游气上下无常，惊痫，寒热百病，出汗。《李氏本草》云：‘止下，消食’。
"Newly Revised Materia Medica": It is used for dispersing cold with alcohol, cholera, diarrhea, irregular bowel movements with abdominal rumbling and erratic movement of qi, epilepsy, various cold and heat diseases, and sweating. "Li's Materia Medica" states: 'Stops diarrhea, aids digestion.'

《安徽中草药》：祛风除湿，活血止痛。
"Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine": Dispels wind, eliminates dampness, promotes blood circulation, and relieves pain.

《全国中草药汇编》：消炎消肿，利尿通乳。主治肠炎痢疾，甲状腺肿大，风湿关节痛，尿路感染，乳汁不下。
"Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines Nationwide": Anti-inflammatory, reduces swelling, diuretic, and promotes lactation. It is used for treating enteritis, dysentery, goiter, rheumatic joint pain, urinary tract infections, and insufficient lactation.

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治筋骨疼痛：女萎藤15g，蔓性千斤拔15g，路边荆9g，老钩藤6g。水煎服。（《湖南药物志》）

1. Treatment for muscle and bone pain: 15g of Clematis hexapetala, 15g of Flemingia philippinensis, 9g of Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia, 6g of Uncaria rhynchophylla. Decoct and take orally. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")

2、治赤白滞下，肠已滑，日数十行者：女萎、半夏（洗）各二两，附子（炮）、蔡芦（炙去头）各一两。上四味捣合下筛，和以十年苦酒，顿丸如梧子。若有下者，饮服三丸，日三，不知，稍稍增之。（《外台》《范汪方》苦酒白丸）
2. Treatment for stagnation of red and white substances in the lower body, with slippery bowels and frequent bowel movements: 2 taels each of Clematis hexapetala and Pinellia ternata (washed), 1 tael each of Aconitum carmichaelii (processed) and Veratrum nigrum (roasted and remove head). Grind the four ingredients together and sift, mix with ten-year aged bitter wine, make into pill-sized pills like wu zi. Take 3 pills three times a day, gradually increase if no effect. (From "Wai Tai" and "Fan Wang Fang" Bitter Wine White Pill)

3、治小儿大肠虚冷脱肛：女萎五两，烧熏下部，三五上瘥。（《普济方》）
3. Treatment for rectal prolapse in children due to deficiency and cold in the large intestine: 5 taels of Clematis hexapetala, burn and smoke the lower part, three to five applications to heal. (From "Pu Ji Fang")

4、治乳汁不下：女萎30g，通草6g，沙参9g，炖猪脚食。（《湖南药物志》）
4. Treatment for insufficient breast milk: 30g of Clematis hexapetala, 6g of Tetrapanax papyrifer, 9g of Adenophora stricta, stew with pig's feet and consume. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")

5、治风火牙痛：女萎鲜根，加食盐捣烂敷患处。
5. Treatment for toothache caused by wind and fire: Fresh roots of Clematis hexapetala, mashed with salt and applied to the affected area.

6、治眼起星翳：女萎鲜根，捣烂塞鼻孔，左眼塞右孔，右眼塞左孔。
6. Treatment for corneal opacity: Fresh roots of Clematis hexapetala, mashed and inserted into the nostrils, left eye with right nostril, right eye with left nostril.

7、治漆疮：女萎茎叶，加食盐捣烂敷患处，或将茎叶煎汤熏洗。（5-7方出自《天目山药用植物志》）
7. Treatment for eczema: Stem and leaves of Clematis hexapetala, mashed with salt and applied to the affected area, or decoct the stem and leaves for fumigation and washing. (Recipes 5-7 are from "Tianmu Mountain Medicinal Plants")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：9-10月花时采收带叶茎蔓，扎成小把，晒干或随时采用鲜品。根多采用鲜品。
Harvest the stems with leaves during flowering season in September to October, tie into small bundles, sun-dry or use fresh at any time. Roots are mostly used fresh.

药材鉴别 Medicinal Material Identification

药材性状：茎类方形，长可达数米，缠绕或切段，直径1-5mm。表面灰绿色或棕绿色，通常有6条较明显的纵棱，被白色柔毛，质脆，易断，断面不平坦，木部黄白色，可见多数细导管孔，髓部疏松。叶对生，三出复叶，叶片多皱缩破碎，完整的叶片卵形或宽卵形，顶生小叶片较两侧小叶片大，常呈不明显的3浅裂，边缘有缺刻状粗锯齿或牙齿，暗绿色，两面有短柔毛。总叶柄长2-9cm，常扭曲。有的带有花果。气微，味微苦涩。
The stem is square-shaped, up to several meters long, twining or segmented, with a diameter of 1-5mm. The surface is gray-green or brownish-green, usually with 6 distinct longitudinal ridges, covered with white soft hairs, brittle in texture, easy to break, with an uneven cross-section. The wood is yellowish-white, with numerous small ducts visible, and the pith is loose. Leaves are opposite, trifoliate, leaflets often crumpled and fragmented. Intact leaflets are ovate or broadly ovate, terminal leaflet larger than lateral ones, often with indistinct 3 shallow lobes, margins with coarse serrations or teeth, dark green, short soft hairs on both sides. Petiole 2-9cm long, often twisted. Some specimens have flowers and fruits. Slight odor, slightly bitter and astringent taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：毛茛科铁丝莲属植物女萎。
Clematis hexapetala, a plant belonging to the Ranunculaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

藤本。小枝密生贴伏短柔毛。叶对生；叶柄长1.5-7cm；三出复叶，小叶片卵形或宽卵形，长2.5-8cm，宽1.5-7cm，通常有不明显的3浅裂，边缘有锯齿，或有缺刻状的粗锯齿或牙齿，上面疏生贴伏短柔毛或无毛，下面通常疏生短柔毛，或仅沿叶脉生较密短柔毛。圆锥状聚伞花序，多花，花序梗、花梗密生贴伏短柔毛，花梗上小苞片小，钻形或无；两性花，直径1-1.5cm；萼片4，狭倒卵形，长7-8mm，白色，开展，两面有短柔毛，外面较密；花瓣无；雄蕊多数，无毛，长4-6mm，花丝比花药长约5倍；心皮少数，被短柔毛。瘦果狭卵形，长3-5mm，不扁，有短柔毛，宿存花柱羽毛状，长1.2-1.5cm。花期7-9月，果期9-10月。
A climbing vine. Branches densely covered with appressed short soft hairs. Leaves opposite; petioles 1.5–7 cm long; trifoliate compound leaves; leaflets ovate or broadly ovate, 2.5–8 cm long, 1.5–7 cm wide, usually with inconspicuous 3 shallow lobes, margins serrated or coarsely toothed; upper surface sparsely appressed short soft hairs or glabrous, lower surface usually sparsely short soft hairs or denser along veins. Conical corymb-like inflorescences, many-flowered; peduncles and pedicels densely covered with appressed short soft hairs; small bracts on pedicels minute, lanceolate or absent. Bisexual flowers, 1–1.5 cm in diameter; 4 sepals, narrowly obovate, 7–8 mm long, white, spreading, pubescent on both sides, denser externally; petals absent; numerous stamens, glabrous, filaments about 5 times longer than anthers; few carpels, pubescent. Achenes narrowly ovoid, 3–5 mm long, not flattened, with short soft hairs; persistent styles feathery, 1.2–1.5 cm long. Flowering period July to September, fruiting period September to October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于江苏南部、安徽大别山以南、浙江、江西、福建、湖南。
Distributed in southern Jiangsu, south of Dabie Mountains in Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, and Hunan.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔150-1000m的山野林边。
Grows at the edge of mountain forests at altitudes of 150–1000 meters.