紫苏，中药名。为唇形科紫苏属植物紫苏Perilla frutescens（L.）Britt.的茎、叶。其叶称为紫苏叶，其茎称为紫苏梗。具有解表散寒，行气宽中，安胎，解鱼蟹毒的功效。主治风寒感冒，脾胃气滞、胸闷呕吐，胎气上逆、胎动不安，七情郁结、痰凝气滞之梅核气证，进食鱼蟹中毒而致腹痛吐泻等。
Zi-su, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Perilla) refers to the stems and leaves of the plant Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. in the Lamiaceae family. Its leaves are called "Zi-su leaves" and its stems are called "Zi-su stems". It has the functions of releasing the exterior and dispersing cold, promoting qi circulation and regulating the middle, calming the fetus, and detoxifying fish and crab toxins. It is mainly used to treat wind-cold type common cold, stagnation of qi in the spleen and stomach, chest stuffiness and vomiting, upward disturbance of fetal qi, restless fetal movement, emotional depression, plum pit qi caused by phlegm stagnation and qi stagnation, and abdominal pain and diarrhea caused by eating fish and crab toxins.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

解表散寒，行气宽中，安胎，解鱼蟹毒。主治
Dispersing cold from the exterior, promoting the flow of Qi in the middle, stabilizing the fetus, and detoxifying fish and crab toxins. Mainly used for treating...

1、用于风寒感冒，脾胃气滞、胸闷呕吐，胎气上逆、胎动不安，七情郁结、痰凝气滞之梅核气证，进食鱼蟹中毒而致腹痛吐泻等。

1. Used for wind-cold type of common cold, stagnation of qi in the spleen and stomach, chest stuffiness and vomiting, reversal of fetal qi, restless fetal movements, emotional stagnation, phlegm stagnation and qi stagnation in plum pit qi syndrome, as well as abdominal pain and diarrhea caused by eating poisonous fish and crabs.

2、西医诊为感冒、流行性感冒属于风寒表证者，消化不良及其他胃机能之疾患、胃炎及二指肠炎、未明示之胃炎及十二指肠炎、习惯性呕吐、恶心及呕吐、妊娠期之过度呕吐等属于脾胃气滞者。用法用量
2. In Western medicine, a diagnosis of common cold or influenza with symptoms of wind-cold exterior syndrome, as well as disorders related to poor digestion and other gastric dysfunctions, gastritis, duodenitis, unspecified gastritis and duodenitis, habitual vomiting, nausea and vomiting, excessive vomiting during pregnancy, etc., are considered as manifestations of stagnation of spleen-stomach qi. Dosage and administration.

1、紫苏叶：内服：煎汤，5-10g。外用，捣敷、研末掺或煎汤洗。
Perilla Leaf: Internal use: Decoction, 5-10g. External use: Crush and apply as a poultice, mix with powder, or decoct for washing.

2、紫苏梗：内服：煎汤，5-10g；或入散剂。禁忌
2. Perilla Stem: For internal use, decoct 5-10g in water, or use in powdered form. Contraindicated.

1、中西药配伍禁忌：

1. Taboos in the Compatibility of Chinese and Western Medicines:

（1）与镇静药、麻醉药配伍应用时，宜减小剂量。
(1) When used in combination with sedatives or anesthetics, the dosage should be reduced.

（2）紫苏可以延长巴比妥类药物的作用，合用时注意减小剂量。
Perilla leaf can prolong the effects of barbiturate drugs. When used together, it is important to reduce the dosage.

2、饮食禁忌：不宜食用生冷、刺激性大的食物；忌鲤鱼。注意事项
2. Dietary taboos: Avoid consuming raw, cold, and highly stimulating foods; avoid eating carp. Precautions.

阴虚、气虚及温病者慎服。化学成分
Those with Yin deficiency, Qi deficiency, and warm diseases should take caution when using it. Chemical composition.

含挥发油，其中主要为紫苏醛、左旋柠檬烯及少量α-蒎烯等。药理作用
It contains volatile oils, mainly perilla aldehyde, l-limonene, and a small amount of α-terpinene. Pharmacological effects.

1、抑菌作用：对葡萄球菌、链球菌、伤寒杄菌、大肠杄菌、痢疾杄菌、白喉杆菌、脑膜炎双球菌、卡他球菌、流感病毒及白色念珠菌均有不同程度的抑制作用。能抑制皮肤丝状菌类的生长。

1. Antibacterial effect: It has varying degrees of inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Shigella, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Candida albicans, influenza virus, and skin filamentous fungi.

2、解热作用：能扩张皮肤血管，刺激汗腺分泌而解热。
2. Antipyretic effect: It can dilate the blood vessels in the skin, stimulate sweat gland secretion, and reduce fever.

3、对中枢神经系统的影响：水提物及紫苏醛均可延长雄鼠的巴比妥酸盐睡眠时间具有抑制猫的上喉神经反射、抑制蜗牛神经细胞和蛙坐骨神经纤维等的兴奋性膜。水提物可抑制大鼠运动量。紫苏醛有镇静作用。
3. Effects on the central nervous system: Both water extract and perilla aldehyde can prolong the barbiturate sleep time of male mice, inhibit the upper throat nerve reflex in cats, inhibit the excitability membrane of cochlear nerve cells and frog sciatic nerve fibers. Water extract can inhibit the motor activity of rats. Perilla aldehyde has a sedative effect.

4、对呼吸系统的影响：能减少支气管分泌物，缓解支气管痉挛，对丙烯醛或枸橼酸引起的咳嗽有明显的镇咳作用，小鼠酚红试验呈阳性作用，因而可证明紫苏有化痰、止咳、平喘作用。
4. Effects on the respiratory system: Perilla can reduce bronchial secretions, alleviate bronchial spasms, and has a significant antitussive effect on coughs caused by acetaldehyde or citric acid. The phenol red test in mice shows a positive effect, proving that Perilla has expectorant, antitussive, and anti-asthmatic effects.

5、对消化系统的影响：能促进消化液的分泌，增加胃肠蠕动。
Impact on the digestive system: It can promote the secretion of digestive fluids and increase gastrointestinal motility.

6、对生殖系统的影响：能抑制子宫收缩，有安胎作用。
6. Effects on the reproductive system: It can inhibit uterine contractions and has a calming effect on the fetus.

7、对代谢的影响：在给等热量等氮食物的前提下，喂紫苏油的兔体重、肝重、血浆胆固醇、肝胆固醇、血糖、酸性磷酸酯活性都比对照组有不同程度的升高。
7. Impact on metabolism: When feeding rabbits with the same amount of calories and nitrogen from food, those fed with perilla oil showed varying degrees of increase in body weight, liver weight, plasma cholesterol, liver cholesterol, blood sugar, and alkaline phosphatase activity compared to the control group.

8、止血作用：紫苏能缩短凝血时间、血浆复钙时间和凝血活酶时间。毒理作用
8. Hemostatic effect: Perilla can shorten the coagulation time, plasma recalcification time, and coagulation factor activity time. Toxic effects.

紫苏成分：紫苏酮等能致动物广泛肺水肿和大量腹腔渗出物产生。小鼠腹腔注射的半数致死量小于10mg/kg，并可使动物在24小时内死亡。给雌山羊静脉注射紫苏酮0omg/kg，给安格斯小母牛静脉注射30mg/kg均可致死，而口服40mg/kg，动物仍可存活。紫苏酮小鼠腹腔注射的半数致死量为13.6mg/kg，灌胃为789mg/kg。相关论述
Perilla component: Perilla ketone can cause widespread pulmonary edema and large amount of abdominal exudate in animals. The median lethal dose of perilla ketone by intraperitoneal injection in mice is less than 10mg/kg, leading to death within 24 hours. Intravenous injection of perilla ketone at 0mg/kg in female goats and 30mg/kg in Angus heifers can be lethal, while oral administration of 40mg/kg allows the animals to survive. The median lethal dose of perilla ketone by intraperitoneal injection in mice is 13.6mg/kg, and by gavage is 789mg/kg. This is a discussion of the related findings.

1、本草要略》：紫苏，性热能散上膈及在表寒邪，以其性轻浮也。东垣言其下气者，由其性热而散，为能散气故耳。
"Compendium of Materia Medica": Perilla, with its warm nature, has the ability to disperse the pathogenic cold in the upper part of the body and on the surface, due to its light and floating properties. Dongyuan mentioned that it can disperse the qi downwards because of its warm nature, which enables it to disperse qi effectively.

2、《本草汇言》：（紫苏）一物有三用焉：如伤风伤寒，头疼骨痛，恶寒发热，肢节不利，或脚气、疝气，邪在表者，苏叶可以散邪而解表。气郁结而中满痞满，胸膈不利，或胎气上逼，腹胁胀痛者，苏梗可以顺气而宽中。设或上气喘逆，苏子可以定喘而下气；痰火奔迫，苏子可以降火而清痰。三者所用不同，法当详之。紫苏，散寒气，清肺气，宽中气，安胎气，下结气，化痰气，乃治气之神药也。盖苏者疏也，舒畅松苏之谓也。
"Compendium of Materia Medica": Perilla has three main uses: for common cold with headache and body aches, aversion to cold and fever, discomfort in limbs and joints, or conditions like athlete's foot or hernia where the pathogenic factors are on the surface, Perilla leaf can dispel the pathogenic factors and release the exterior. When there is stagnation of qi leading to fullness in the middle, distention and fullness in the chest and diaphragm, or when fetal qi is pressing upwards causing abdominal distention and pain, Perilla stem can regulate qi and soothe the middle. In cases of rebellious qi causing wheezing, Perilla fruit can calm wheezing and descend qi; when phlegm-heat is harassing, Perilla fruit can clear heat and resolve phlegm. The usage of these three parts varies and should be carefully considered. Perilla disperses cold qi, clears lung qi, soothes middle qi, stabilizes fetal qi, resolves stagnation of qi, and transforms phlegm qi, making it a miraculous medicine for treating qi disorders. The name 'Su' in Perilla means to disperse, relax, and loosen, indicating its properties."

3、《药品化义》：紫苏叶，叶属阳，为发生之物。辛温能散，气薄能通，味薄发泄，专解肌发表，疗伤风伤寒，及疟疾初起，外感霍乱，湿热脚气，凡属表证，放邪气出路之要药也。
3. "Pharmaceutical Properties of Perilla Leaf": Perilla leaf belongs to the category of yang and is considered a generative substance. Its pungent and warm properties can disperse and thin the qi, promote circulation, and have a mild taste that can induce sweating. It is specifically effective in resolving muscle tension, treating wind-cold conditions, initial stages of malaria, acute infectious diarrhea, damp-heat conditions in the feet, and any superficial conditions where expelling pathogenic factors is crucial.

4、《本草乘雅半偈》：（紫苏）致新推陈之宣剂、轻剂也。故主气下者，可使之宣发；气上者，可使之宣摄。叶则偏于宣散，茎则偏于宣通，子则兼而有之，而性稍缓。
"Compendium of Materia Medica" by Li Shizhen: (Perilla) is a mild medicine that can both expel old and promote new. Therefore, for those with downward qi, it can help to promote dispersion; for those with upward qi, it can help to promote restraint. The leaves are more inclined towards dispersion, the stems towards promoting circulation, and the seeds possess both properties, with a slightly slower nature.

5、《长沙药解》：苏叶辛散之性，善破凝寒而下冲逆，扩胸腹而消胀满，故能治胸中瘀结之证而通经达脉，发散风寒，双解中外之药也。
"Changsha Pharmacopoeia": The nature of suye xin san is dispersing and pungent, good at breaking up congealed cold to descend counterflow, expanding the chest and abdomen to relieve distention and fullness. Therefore, it is effective in treating the stagnation and accumulation in the chest, promoting the circulation of meridians and collaterals, dispersing wind-cold, and serving as a remedy for both internal and external conditions.

6、《萃金裘本草述录》：气上者能宜摄，气下者能宜发。紫苏主治，在脚气为多。凡病于气之壅胀者，所因不一，然无不由于气之不能归元也。人身之阴本于下，其升也阴中之阳引之；人身之阳畅于上，其降也阳中之阴引之。紫苏味辛入肺，色紫入心，心肺合而气化，则气自得归元矣。
"Cuijin Qiuben Caoshu Lu": For those with qi rising, it is appropriate to nourish; for those with qi descending, it is appropriate to disperse. Perilla is mainly used to treat athlete's foot. For those suffering from qi stagnation and distension, the causes may vary, but all are ultimately due to the inability of qi to return to its source. The yin in the human body originates from below, with the ascent of yin drawing in yang from within; the yang in the human body flows freely upwards, with the descent of yang drawing in yin from within. Perilla, with its pungent taste entering the lungs and its purple color entering the heart, when the heart and lungs combine to transform qi, then the qi naturally returns to its source.

7、《本草正义》：紫苏，芳香气烈。外开皮毛，泄肺气而通腠理；上则通鼻塞，清头目，为风寒外感灵药；中则开胸膈，醒脾胃，宣化痰饮，解郁结而利气滞。临床应用 临床应用
"Ben Cao Zheng Yi": Perilla, with a strong aromatic fragrance. It can dispel lung qi and open up the pores by externally applying it to the skin and hair; when inhaled, it can clear nasal congestion and refresh the mind, serving as a potent medicine for wind-cold external invasions. When taken internally, it can open up the chest, invigorate the spleen and stomach, resolve phlegm and dampness, relieve depression and stagnation, and promote the smooth flow of qi. Clinical applications.

1、风寒感冒：本品辛散性温，发汗解表散寒之力较为缓和，轻证可以单用，重证须与其他发散风寒药合用。因其外能解表散寒，内能行气宽中，且略兼化痰止咳之功，故风寒表证而兼气滞，胸脘满闷、恶心呕逆，或咳喘痰多者，较为适宜。治疗前者，常配伍香附、陈皮等药，如香苏散（《和剂局方》）。治疗后者，每与杏仁、桔梗等药同用，如杏苏散（《温病条辨》）。
Wind-cold type of common cold: This product has a warm and dispersing nature. Its ability to induce sweating and dispel cold from the surface is relatively mild. It can be used alone for mild cases, but for severe cases, it should be used in combination with other herbs that disperse wind-cold. Due to its ability to dispel cold from the surface and regulate the flow of Qi internally, as well as its slight ability to transform phlegm and stop coughing, it is more suitable for cases of wind-cold on the surface combined with Qi stagnation, presenting symptoms such as fullness and stuffiness in the chest and epigastrium, nausea, vomiting, or coughing with abundant phlegm. For treating the former, it is often combined with herbs like Xiang Fu and Chen Pi, as in the Xiang Su San (Prescriptions from the Bureau of Formulas). For treating the latter, it is usually used in combination with herbs like apricot kernel and Platycodon root, as in the Xing Su San (Differentiation of Warm Diseases).

2、脾胃气滞，胸闷呕吐：本品味辛能行，能行气以宽中除胀，和胃止呕，兼有理气安胎之功，可用治中焦气机郁滞之胸脘胀满，恶心呕吐。偏寒者，常与砂仁、丁香等温中止呕药同用；偏热者，常与黄连、芦根等清胃止呕药同用。若胎气上逆，胸闷呕吐，胎动不安者，常与砂仁、陈皮等理气安胎药配伍。用治七情郁结，痰凝气滞之梅核气证，常与半夏、厚朴、茯苓等同用，如半夏厚朴汤（《金匮要略》）。
2. Stagnation of Qi in the Spleen and Stomach, with chest stuffiness and vomiting: This herb has a pungent taste and can promote the flow of Qi to relieve distention in the middle, harmonize the stomach to stop vomiting, and also has the function of regulating Qi and calming the fetus. It can be used to treat chest and epigastric distention due to Qi stagnation in the middle burner, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. For those with a tendency towards cold, it is often used in combination with Amomum, Clove, and other warming herbs to harmonize the middle and stop vomiting; for those with a tendency towards heat, it is often used in combination with Coptis, Atractylodes, and other cooling herbs to clear the stomach and stop vomiting. In cases of rebellious Qi of the fetus causing chest stuffiness and vomiting, with fetal movement being restless, it is often combined with Amomum, Tangerine Peel, and other herbs to regulate Qi and calm the fetus. For the treatment of plum-pit Qi syndrome caused by emotional stagnation and phlegm obstruction with Qi stagnation, it is often used in combination with Pinellia, Magnolia Bark, Poria, and other herbs, such as Ban Xia Hou Po Tang (Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet).

3、此外，紫苏能解鱼蟹毒，对于进食鱼蟹中毒而致腹痛吐泻者，能和中解毒。可单用本品煎汤服，或配伍生姜、陈皮、藿香等药。相关配伍
In addition, perilla can detoxify fish and crab toxins. It is effective for those who experience abdominal pain and diarrhea due to eating toxic fish and crabs, as it can help detoxify the body. Perilla can be decocted and taken alone as a soup, or combined with other herbs such as fresh ginger, tangerine peel, and patchouli.

1、紫苏配藿香：二药都能解表散寒，理气和中。紫苏长于行气宽中；藿香长于化湿和中。相互配用，有解表散寒，理气化湿和中之功。适用于外感风寒，内伤湿滞所致的恶寒发热、腹痛吐泻等。
Perilla leaf combined with Pogostemon herb: Both herbs can release the exterior, dispel cold, regulate qi, and harmonize the middle. Perilla leaf is good at promoting qi circulation and regulating the middle burner; Pogostemon herb is good at resolving dampness and harmonizing the middle burner. When used together, they have the functions of releasing the exterior, dispelling cold, regulating qi, resolving dampness, and harmonizing the middle burner. This combination is suitable for conditions such as aversion to cold, fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea caused by external wind-cold invasion or internal dampness stagnation.

2、紫苏配蝉蜕：紫苏发散风寒，行气宽中；蝉蜕轻浮升散，疏散风热、利咽透疹。二药伍用，药性平和，能祛风解表。适用于外感表证病轻者。
Perilla Leaf with Cicada Slough: Perilla leaf disperses wind-cold, promotes qi circulation, and soothes the middle energizer; cicada slough is light and disperses upward, it can disperse wind-heat, clear the throat, and promote rash eruption. When these two herbs are used together, their properties are mild and can expel wind and release the exterior. This combination is suitable for mild cases of exterior syndrome due to external pathogenic factors.

3、紫苏配杏仁：紫苏善于解表散寒，兼能宣肺化痰；杏仁善于降气止咳平喘。二药配伍，外能解表散寒以取微汗，内能调畅肺气以化痰止咳。适用于风寒或凉燥犯肺所致的恶寒头痛、咳嗽痰稀、气促鼻塞等。
3. Perilla Leaf with Almond: Perilla leaf is good at releasing the exterior and dispersing cold, as well as promoting lung function and resolving phlegm; Almond is effective in descending Qi, stopping cough, and relieving asthma. The combination of these two herbs can help release the exterior and disperse cold to induce slight sweating externally, while regulating lung Qi internally to resolve phlegm and stop coughing. This combination is suitable for symptoms such as severe chills and headache, cough with thin phlegm, shortness of breath, and nasal congestion caused by invasion of wind-cold or dryness into the lungs.

4、紫苏配陈皮：紫苏行气宽中；陈皮理气调中，燥湿化痰。二者伍用，既能理气燥湿化痰以治痰湿壅肺之咳嗽痰多、胸闷不舒，又能行气宽中除胀以治脾胃气滞之脘腹胀满、恶心呕吐。
Perilla Leaf with Tangerine Peel: Perilla leaf promotes qi circulation and regulates the middle burner; Tangerine peel regulates qi, harmonizes the middle burner, and transforms dampness and phlegm. When used together, they can not only regulate qi, transform dampness and phlegm to treat cough with excessive phlegm due to phlegm-damp obstructing the lungs, and chest tightness and discomfort, but also promote qi circulation, regulate the middle burner, and relieve distention to treat epigastric and abdominal distention due to stagnation of qi in the spleen and stomach, as well as nausea and vomiting.

5、紫苏配黄连：苏叶肃肺理气和胃；黄连清热燥湿和胃。二者伍用，一温一凉，共奏和中止呕之功。适用于湿热余邪留于肺胃所致的昼夜呕恶不止。
Perilla Leaf with Coptis: Perilla leaf can clear the lungs, regulate qi, and harmonize the stomach; Coptis can clear heat, dry dampness, and harmonize the stomach. When used together, one warm and one cool, they work together to harmonize the middle and stop vomiting. This combination is suitable for incessant vomiting day and night caused by lingering damp-heat evils in the lungs and stomach.

6、紫苏配砂仁：二药均有理气和中安胎之功。紫苏长于解表散寒；砂仁长于化湿。二者配伍，常用治寒湿内阻，气机不利所致的胸腹胀满、呕吐恶心、胎动不安。鉴别用药
Perilla Leaf and Amomum Fruit Combination: Both herbs have the functions of regulating qi, harmonizing the middle, and calming the fetus. Perilla leaf is good at releasing the exterior and dispersing cold; Amomum fruit is good at transforming dampness. The combination of the two is often used to treat chest and abdominal distention caused by cold and dampness obstruction internally, as well as symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and restless fetus due to poor qi circulation. Differential medication.

苏叶与苏梗：一般认为苏叶偏于发表散寒，苏梗偏于宽胸利膈，顺气安胎。治疗风寒表证，苏叶多用；治疗胸腹气滞、痞闷作胀及胎动不安、胸胁胀痛，则苏梗多用。相关药品
Perilla Leaf and Perilla Stem: It is generally believed that Perilla Leaf tends to release the exterior and dispel cold, while Perilla Stem tends to promote qi circulation in the chest, benefit the diaphragm, and regulate qi to stabilize pregnancy. Perilla Leaf is commonly used to treat wind-cold exterior patterns, while Perilla Stem is often used for chest and abdominal qi stagnation, distention and fullness, restless fetus movements, and chest and rib distention and pain.

风寒感冒颗粒、杏苏止咳颗粒（糖浆、露、口服液）、解肌宁嗽丸。相关方剂
Wind-cold common cold granules, Apricot and Perilla Cough Relief Granules (syrup, lozenge, oral liquid), and Jiejiningsou Pills. Related prescriptions.

香苏散（《和剂局方》）、杏苏散（《温病条辨》）、参苏散（《和剂局方》）、半夏厚朴汤（《半夏厚朴汤》）。药膳食疗
Xiang Su San (Prescription Formulas of the Bureau of Harmony), Xing Su San (Differentiation and Treatment of Warm Diseases), Shen Su San (Prescription Formulas of the Bureau of Harmony), Ban Xia Hou Po Tang (Pinellia and Magnolia Bark Decoction). Medicinal diet therapy.

紫苏子粳米粥：
Perilla Seed and Polished Rice Congee:

1、功效：止咳定喘，适用于表虚复受寒邪而致的咳喘、痰多、食少等。

1. Function: Relieve cough and asthma, suitable for cough, asthma, excessive phlegm, poor appetite caused by external cold invasion on a weak body.

2、原材料：紫苏子10-15克；粳米50克。
2. Ingredients: Perilla seeds 10-15g; polished round-grain rice 50g.

3、做法：将紫苏子研细加水熬，沉淀取汁备用。煮米做粥，临熟前投入紫苏汁调匀，早餐用之，可加入冰糖少许以调味。加工炮制 采收加工
Method: Grind the perilla seeds finely, add water and simmer, then precipitate and extract the juice for later use. Cook rice to make porridge, and just before it is fully cooked, add the perilla juice and mix well. Use it for breakfast, and you can add a little rock sugar for flavor. Processing and preparation: Harvest and process.

夏秋季采收，除去杂质，晒干，生用。炮制方法
Harvest in summer and autumn, remove impurities, sun-dry, and use raw. Processing method.

取原药材，除去杂质，稍浸，润透，切厚片，干燥。保存方法
Collect the original medicinal herbs, remove impurities, soak slightly, moisten thoroughly, cut into thick slices, and dry. Storage method.

置阴凉干燥处，密闭。药材鉴别 药材性状
Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, and keep it sealed. Identification of medicinal materials and their properties.

叶片多皱缩蜷曲、破碎，完整者卵圆形，先端长尖或急尖，基部圆形或宽楔形，边缘具圆锯齿。两面紫色或上面绿色，下面紫色，疏生灰白色毛，下面有多数凹点状腺鳞。叶柄紫色或紫绿色。质脆易碎。带嫩枝者，枝直径2-5mm，断面中部有髓。气清香，味微辛。饮片性状
The leaves are wrinkled, curled, and broken, with intact ones being oval-shaped, long-pointed or acute at the tip, round or broadly wedge-shaped at the base, and with a serrated edge. They are purple or green on the upper surface, purple on the lower surface, sparsely covered with gray-white hairs, and with numerous concave glandular scales on the lower surface. The petioles are purple or purple-green. The texture is crisp and fragile. The young branches have a diameter of 2-5mm, with pith in the middle of the cross-section. The aroma is fragrant, and the taste is slightly pungent. These are the characteristics of the medicinal herb slices.

紫苏梗为类方形厚片，表面黄白色，有细密的放射状纹理，髓部白色，疏松或脱落。周边紫棕色或暗紫色。体轻，质硬。气微香，味淡。植物学信息 植物种属
Perilla stem is a square-shaped thick slice, with a yellow-white surface and fine radial texture. The pith is white, loose, or may fall off. The periphery is purple-brown or dark purple. It is light in weight and hard in texture. It has a slight fragrance and a mild taste. Botanical information: Plant species.

唇形科紫苏属植物紫苏。形态特征
Perilla, a plant in the Lamiaceae family, has distinctive morphological characteristics.

一年生草本，高30-200cm。具有特殊芳香。茎直立，多分枝，紫色、绿紫色或绿色，钝四棱形，密被长柔毛。叶对生；叶柄长3-5cm，紫红色或绿色，被长节毛；叶片阔卵形、卵状圆形或卵状三角形，长4-13cm，宽2.5-10cm，先端渐尖或突尖，有时呈短尾状，基部圆形或阔楔形，边缘具粗锯齿，有时锯齿较深或浅裂，两面紫色或仅下面紫色，上下两面均疏生柔毛，沿叶脉处较密，叶下面有细油腺点；侧脉7-8对，位于下部者稍靠近，斜上升。轮伞花序，由2花组成偏向一侧成假总状花序，顶生和腋生，花序密被长柔毛；苞片卵形、卵状三角形或披针形形，全缘，具缘毛，外面有腺点，边缘膜质；花梗长1-1.5mm，密被柔毛；花萼钟状，长约3mm，10脉，外面部密被长柔毛和有黄色腺点，顶端5齿，2唇，上唇宽大，有3齿，下唇有2齿，结果时增大，基部呈囊状；花冠唇形，长3-4mm，白色或紫红色，花冠筒内有毛环，外面被柔毛，上唇微凹，下唇3裂，裂片近圆形，中裂片较大；雄蕊4，二强，着生于花冠筒内中部，几不伸出花冠外，花药2室；花盘在前边膨大；雌蕊1，子房4裂，花柱基底着生，柱头2室；花盘在前边膨大；雌蕊1，子房4裂，花柱基底着生，柱头2裂。小坚果近球形，灰棕色或褐色，直径1-1.3mm，有网纹，果萼长约10mm。花期6-8月，果期7-9月。分布区域
A one-year herbaceous plant, reaching a height of 30-200cm. It has a distinctive aroma. The stem is erect, highly branched, and can be purple, purplish-green, or green in color, with blunt quadrangular edges, densely covered with long soft hairs. The leaves are opposite; leaf stalks are 3-5cm long, purple-red or green, covered with long glandular hairs; leaf blades are broadly ovate, ovate-circular, or ovate-triangular, 4-13cm long, 2.5-10cm wide, gradually tapering or abruptly pointed at the tip, sometimes with a short tail-like extension, rounded or broadly wedge-shaped at the base, with coarse serrations along the edges, sometimes with deeper or shallowly lobed serrations, purple on both sides or only purple underneath, sparsely hairy on both sides, denser along the veins, with fine oil glands on the lower surface of the leaves; 7-8 pairs of lateral veins, with those in the lower part slightly closer and ascending obliquely.Umbel inflorescence, consisting of 2 flowers leaning to one side to form a false cyme, terminal and axillary, densely covered with long soft hairs; bracts are ovate, ovate-triangular, or lanceolate, entire, with marginal hairs, glandular dots on the outside, membranous margins; flower stalks are 1-1.5mm long, densely hairy; calyx is bell-shaped, about 3mm long, with 10 veins, densely covered with long soft hairs and yellow glandular dots on the outer part, with 5 teeth at the apex, 2 lips, the upper lip broad with 3 teeth, the lower lip with 2 teeth, enlarging when fruiting, forming a pouch-like base; corolla is lipped, 3-4mm long, white or purplish-red, with a hairy ring inside the corolla tube, hairy on the outside, slightly concave upper lip, 3-lobed lower lip, with nearly circular lobes, the middle lobe larger; stamens 4, didynamous, inserted in the middle of the corolla tube, barely extending beyond the corolla, anthers 2-celled; the disc is enlarged in front; ovary 4-lobed, style base adnate, style head 2-cleft; the disc is enlarged in front; ovary 4-lobed, style base adnate, style head 2-cleft. The small nut is nearly spherical, gray-brown or brown, 1-1.3mm in diameter, with a reticulate pattern, and the fruit calyx is about 10mm long. Flowering period is from June to August, and fruiting period is from July to September. Distribution area: [not provided]

全国各地有栽培。道地产区
Cultivated throughout the country. Authentic production areas.

我国南北均产。生长见习
Both the north and south regions of our country produce it. It grows during the apprenticeship.

喜温暖、湿润气候。以向阳、土层深厚、疏松肥沃、排水良好的砂质壤土为好。繁殖方式
Prefers a warm and humid climate. It thrives in sandy loam soil that is well-drained, deep, loose, and fertile, with good exposure to sunlight. Reproduction methods.

1、种子繁殖，直播或育苗移栽。栽培技术

1. Seed propagation, either through direct sowing or seedling transplantation. Cultivation techniques.

1、直播法：3月中旬-3月下旬，条播，按行距30cm开沟，将种子均匀播于沟内薄覆细土，以盖没种子为度；穴播，按行株距30cm×30cm开穴播种。

1. Sowing method: In mid-March to late March, sow in rows with a spacing of 30cm between rows. Spread the seeds evenly in the furrows and cover them lightly with fine soil, ensuring that the seeds are buried to the appropriate depth. Alternatively, sow by digging holes with a spacing of 30cm x 30cm between plants.

2、育苗移栽法：3月下旬-4月上旬播种，4月下旬-5月上旬移栽。病虫防治
2. Seedling raising and transplanting method: Sow seeds from late March to early April, and transplant seedlings from late April to early May. Disease and pest control.

病害有斑枯病发病初期用代森锰锌70%胶悬剂干粉喷粉防治。锈病发病初期可喷25%粉锈宁1000倍液防治。虫害有银纹夜蛾，可用90%晶体敌百虫100倍液，亦可用5%西维因粉剂喷粉防治。
In the early stage of the disease, use 70% mancozeb zinc dust suspension powder for prevention and control of spot blight. In the early stage of rust disease, 25% powdery rust suspension at 1000 times dilution can be sprayed for prevention and control. For pest control against silver-striped night moth, 90% crystal trichlorfon at 100 times dilution can be used, or 5% carbaryl powder can also be sprayed for prevention and control.