葱汁，中药名。为百合科葱属植物葱Allium fistulosum L.的茎或全株捣取之汁。具有散瘀，解毒，驱虫的功效。治头痛，衄血，尿血，虫积，痈肿，跌打损伤。
Cong-zhi, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the juice extracted from the stems or the whole plant of Allium fistulosum L., a plant of the Liliaceae family. It has the effects of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, detoxification, and expelling parasites. It is used to treat headaches, hemorrhage, blood in the urine, intestinal worms, carbuncles, abscesses, and injuries from falls or blows.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

散瘀，解毒，驱虫。
Promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, detoxifying, and expelling parasites.

主治 Indications

治头痛，衄血，尿血，虫积，痈肿，跌打损伤。
Treatment for headache, nosebleed, blood in urine, intestinal parasites, abscesses, and bruises.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：单饮、和酒饮或泛丸。外用：涂患处。
Internal use: taken alone, with alcohol, or in the form of pills. External use: apply to the affected area.

药理作用 Pharmacological Effects

壮阳作用：葱白汁按70g/kg、35g/kg分别给小鼠灌服，能明显增加雄性小鼠的交尾活动，并能明显提高雄性小鼠血浆睾酮的含量，增加幼年雄性小鼠的包皮腺、前列腺精囊的重量，表明葱白汁对雄性小鼠有明显的壮阳作用。
The aphrodisiac effect: Onion juice administered at doses of 70g/kg and 35g/kg significantly increased mating activity in male mice, elevated plasma testosterone levels, and increased the weights of preputial glands and seminal vesicles in young male mice, indicating a significant aphrodisiac effect of onion juice on male mice.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

1、《别录》：主溺血，解藜芦毒。

1. "Bielu": Mainly used for treating hematuria and detoxifying Veratrum (Lilu) poisoning.

2、《千金?食治》：解桂毒。
2. "Qianjin Yizhi": Used to detoxify Cinnamomum (Gui) poisoning.

3、《纲目》：散瘀血，止衄止痛。治头痛耳聋，消痔漏，解众药毒。
3. "Gangmu": Dispels stagnant blood, stops bleeding and pain. Treats headaches, deafness, hemorrhoids, and detoxifies various drug poisons.

4、《现代实用中药》：外用于化脓病疮面，促生肉芽。
4. "Modern Practical Traditional Chinese Medicine": Used externally on suppurative wounds to promote granulation tissue growth.

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治鼻衄血：葱白一握，捣裂汁，投酒少许，抄三两滴入鼻内。（《胜金方》）

1. Treating epistaxis: Take a handful of white onion, crush to extract juice, add a small amount of wine, and instill three to four drops into the nostril. ("Sheng Jin Fang")

2、治小儿蛔虫性不全肠梗阻：大葱汁、香油各五钱至一两（成人加倍）。先服葱汁，约二小时后再服等量香油。顿服或缓缓服下均可。若服后半天未排虫，可连续再服，直至症减虫出为止。其服用量可酌情增减，稍多服亦无害。（《中医杂志》（4）：30，1966）
2. Treating pediatric incomplete intestinal obstruction due to roundworms: Take 15–30g each of scallion juice and sesame oil (double the dose for adults). Take the scallion juice first, then about two hours later, take an equal amount of sesame oil. Can be taken all at once or slowly. If worms are not expelled within half a day, repeat the dose until symptoms improve and worms are passed. Dosage may be adjusted as needed; slightly higher amounts are harmless. ("Chinese Medicine Journal" (4):30, 1966)

3、治乳痈：葱白捣敷之，井水绞汁一升顿服。（《千金方》）
3. Treating breast abscess: Crush white onions and apply externally; drink one liter of well water mixed with the juice in one dose. ("Qian Jin Fang")

4、治火焰丹毒，从头起者：生葱汁涂之。（《纲目》）
4. Treating erysipelas starting from the head: Apply fresh scallion juice topically. ("Gangmu")

5、治外痔：葱青内刮取涎，入蜜调匀，先以本鳖子煎汤熏洗，然后敷药，其冷如冰。（《百一选方》）
5. Treating external hemorrhoids: Scrape mucus from green scallions, mix with honey, first wash the area with decoction of Benigna seed, then apply the mixture, which feels cool like ice. ("Bai Yi Xuan Fang")

6、治打扑损伤：葱新折者，便入痘一痨校承热剥皮，擘开，其间有涕，便将罨损处，仍多煨取，继续易热者。（刘禹锡《传信方》）
6. Treating bruises: Use freshly broken scallions; while still warm, peel and split open—apply the inner mucus directly to the injured area. Continue applying warm ones repeatedly. (Liu Yuxi, "Chuan Xin Fang")

7、治金疮出血不止：葱，炙令热，按取汁，敷疮上。（《梅师集验方》）
7. Treating non-stop bleeding from cuts: Roast scallions until hot, squeeze out the juice, and apply to the wound. ("Mei Shi Ji Yan Fang")

8、治钩吻毒，困欲死，面青口噤，逆冷身痹：啖葱涕。（《千金方》）
8. Treating Gelsemium poisoning with severe symptoms such as cyanosis, locked jaw, cold limbs, and paralysis: Ingest scallion mucus. ("Qian Jin Fang")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：全年采茎或全株，捣汁，鲜用。
Harvesting and processing: Stems or whole plants are collected year-round, crushed to extract juice, and used fresh.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：百合科葱属植物葱。
Plant species: Allium fistulosum L., belonging to the family Liliaceae (or Amaryllidaceae), genus Allium.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

多年生草本，高可达50cm。通常簇生，全体具辛臭，折断后，有辛味之粘液。须根丛生，白色。鳞茎圆柱形，先端稍肥大，鳞叶成层，白色，上具白色纵纹。叶基生；叶片圆柱形，中空，长约45cm，径1.5-2cm，先端尖，绿色，具纵纹；叶鞘浅绿色。花葶约与叶等长；总苞白色，2裂；伞形花序球形，多花，密集；花梗与花被等长或为其2/3长，无苞片；花被钟状，白色，花被片6，狭卵形，先端渐尖，具反折的小尖头；花丝长为花被片的1.5-2倍，锥形，基部合生并与花被贴生。蒴果三棱形。种子黑色，三角状半圆形。花期7-9月，果期8-10月。
Perennial herb, up to 50cm tall. Usually grows in clusters, with a pungent odor throughout. When broken, it exudes a sticky, pungent liquid. Fibrous roots are white and tufted. The bulb is cylindrical, slightly enlarged at the apex, with layered white scales bearing white longitudinal stripes. Leaves are basal; blades are cylindrical, hollow, about 45cm long and 1.5–2cm in diameter, acute at the tip, green with longitudinal stripes; leaf sheaths are light green. The scape is about as long as the leaves; the involucre is white, 2-lobed; the umbel is spherical, densely packed with many flowers; pedicels are equal to or 2/3 the length of the perianth, without bracts; perianth is bell-shaped, white, with six narrow ovate tepals, gradually acuminate at the apex, with reflexed tips; stamens are 1.5–2 times longer than the tepals, conical, fused at the base and adnate to the perianth. Capsule is triangular. Seeds are black, triangular-semicircular. Flowering period: July–September; fruiting period: August–October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

全国各地均有栽植。
Cultivated throughout China.

生长环境 Growing Environment

栽培于粘壤土或鸡粪土，气候冷凉的环境为宜。
Suitable for cultivation in clay loam or manure-rich soil, under cool and temperate climatic conditions.