甜根子草，中药名。为禾本科甘蔗属植物甜根子草SaccharumspontaneumL.的根茎及秆。植物甜根子草，分布于中南、西南及陕西、福建等地。具有清热，止咳，利尿之功效。主治感冒发热，口干，咳嗽，热淋，小便不利。
Tian-gen-zi-cao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Saccharum spontaneum L.), the root and stem of a plant belonging to the Poaceae family and Saccharum genus. This plant is distributed in the central and southern regions, as well as in the southwest, Shaanxi, and Fujian. It is known for its effects of clearing heat, relieving cough, and promoting diuresis. It is commonly used to treat fever, dry mouth, cough, dysuria, and urinary retention associated with colds.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热，止咳，利尿。
Clearing heat, relieving cough, and promoting diuresis.

主治 Indications

感冒发热，口干，咳嗽，热淋，小便不利。
The patient has a fever, dry mouth, cough, dysuria, and difficulty urinating.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，15-30g。
Internal administration: Decoction, 15-30g.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《福建药物志》：“清热利尿，化痰止渴。主治百日咳，咳嗽，支气管炎，热淋。”
"Fujian Materia Medica": "Clears heat, promotes diuresis, transforms phlegm, and relieves thirst. Used to treat whooping cough, cough, bronchitis, and hot urinary dysfunction."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

治妊娠咳嗽，甜根子草根茎20-30g，柿饼或橘饼1块。水炖服。（《福建药物志》）
To treat cough during pregnancy, take 20-30g of licorice root and stem, and 1 piece of persimmon or tangerine cake. Stew them in water and take orally. (From "Fujian Materia Medica")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：根茎全年可挖，杆秋季采收，去叶片，切段，通常鲜用。
The roots and rhizomes can be harvested all year round, while the stems are collected in autumn. After removing the leaves, they are cut into sections and usually used fresh.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：禾本科甘蔗属植物甜根子草。
The sweet root of the plant in the Poaceae family, genus Saccharum, is a herbaceous plant.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

多年生草本，根茎长。秆高1-4m，节上具银白色长毛，节下有白粉，在花序下有白色柔毛。叶鞘长于节间，除鞘口生柔毛及基部有柔毛外，余均无毛；叶舌钝，长约2mm，具小纤毛；叶片长可达100cm，宽3-6mm，通常无毛。圆锥花序银白色，长20-60cm，分枝细弱上举；无柄小穗长3-4mm，基盘有长为小穗2-3倍的白色丝状柔毛；两颖等长，颖片无毛，下部近草质，上部近膜质，第1颖扁平而有2脊，脊间无脉，第2颖舟形；第1外稃卵状长圆形，先端尖，边缘有纤毛，第2外稃狭窄而稍短，有纤毛，内稃不存在。有柄小穗与无柄小穗相似，柄长约3mm。花、果期秋季。
Perennial herb with long rhizomes. Stems are 1-4m tall, with silver-white long hairs on the nodes, white powder below the nodes, and soft white hairs below the inflorescence. The leaf sheath is longer than the internode, with soft hairs at the sheath mouth and base, and otherwise hairless; the leaf ligule is blunt, about 2mm long, with small fibers; the leaf blade can reach up to 100cm long, 3-6mm wide, usually hairless. The conical inflorescence is silver-white, 20-60cm long, with slender and weak branches; the sessile spikelet is 3-4mm long, with a base covered with white silky hairs 2-3 times the length of the spikelet; the two glumes are equal in length, glume is hairless, the lower part is nearly herbaceous, the upper part is membranous, the first glume is flattened with 2 ridges and no veins between the ridges, the second glume is boat-shaped; the first lemma is ovate-oblong, with a pointed tip, and fringed edges, the second lemma is narrow and slightly shorter, with fringes, and the palea is absent. The pedicelled spikelet is similar to the sessile spikelet, with a pedicel about 3mm long. Flowering and fruiting occur in autumn.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于中南、西南及陕西、福建等地。
Distributed in the central and southern regions, as well as in the southwest, Shaanxi, Fujian, and other areas.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于河沟边、田边及旷野潮湿处。
Born in the vicinity of river ditches, fields, and damp wilderness.