四川山矾，中药名。为山矾科植物四川山矾SymplocossetchuensisBrand的根、茎及叶。分布于西南及江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖南、广西等地。具有行水，定喘，清热解毒之功效。常用于水湿胀满，咳嗽喘逆，火眼，疮癣。
Si-chuan-shan-fan, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. root, stem, and leaf of Symplocos setchuensis Brand, a plant of the Symplocos family) is distributed in the southwest, as well as in Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hunan, and Guangxi. It is known for its functions of promoting diuresis, relieving cough and asthma, and clearing heat and detoxification. It is commonly used for conditions such as edema due to dampness, cough and asthma, sore throat, and skin diseases.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

行水，定喘，清热解毒。
Promoting urination, relieving asthma, clearing heat, and detoxifying.

主治 Indications

水湿胀满，咳嗽喘逆，火眼，疮癣。
Edema due to dampness, cough with wheezing, red eyes (eye inflammation), sores, and skin diseases.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，9-15g。
Internal use: Decoction, 9-15g.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《全国中草药汇编》：“行水，定喘。主治水湿胀满，咳嗽喘逆。”
"Compendium of Chinese Herbal Medicines": "Promotes diuresis, relieves coughing and wheezing. Used to treat edema caused by water retention, coughing, and wheezing."

临床应用 Clinical Application

临床用于治疗急性睑缘炎，疮癣和支气管哮喘等。
Clinically used for treating acute blepharitis, impetigo, and bronchial asthma, etc.

相关配伍 Related Compatibility

1、治水湿胀满：（四川山矾）根或茎适量。切断，火中烧红后，淬于1碗开水内，盖闷片刻，去渣服汁。（《全国中草药汇编》）

1. Treatment for edema caused by dampness: Use an appropriate amount of roots or stems of Sichuan alder. Cut them, heat until red in fire, then quench in a bowl of boiling water, cover and steep briefly, remove residue and drink the liquid. ("National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines")

2、治咳嗽，喘逆：（四川山矾）叶500g。水煎2次，浓缩至1000ml。日服2次，每次25ml，10d为1个疗程，连服3个疗程。（《全国中草药汇编》）
2. Treatment for cough and wheezing: Use 500g of leaves of Sichuan alder. Boil twice with water, concentrate to 1000ml. Take orally twice daily, 25ml each time, for 10 days per course, continue for three courses. ("National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏、秋季采收，洗净，切片或段，晒干。
Harvest in summer or autumn, wash thoroughly, slice or cut into sections, and sun-dry.

药材鉴别 Identification of Medicinal Materials

药材性状：叶片多皱缩破碎，黄褐色，完整者展平后呈长圆形或狭椭圆形，长7-13cm，宽2-5cm，先端渐尖或长渐尖，基部楔形，边缘具尖锯齿，中脉在两面均凸起；叶柄长5-10mm。叶薄革质。气微，味淡。
The characteristics of the medicinal material: The leaves are often wrinkled and fragmented, yellowish-brown in color. When intact, they are oblong or narrowly elliptical after flattening, 7–13 cm long and 2–5 cm wide, gradually tapering or long-pointed at the apex, wedge-shaped at the base, with sharp serrated margins; the midvein is raised on both surfaces; petiole is 5–10 mm long. Leaves are thin and leathery. Slight odor, bland taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：山矾科植物四川山矾。
Plant species: Symplocos setchuensis Hand.-Mazz., belonging to the family Symplocaceae.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

四川山矾，又名波缘山矾、波叶灰木。小乔木。小枝略有棱，无毛。叶互生；叶柄长5-10mm；叶片薄革质，长圆形或狭椭圆形，长7-13cm，宽2-5cm，先端渐尖或长渐尖，基部楔形，边缘具尖锯齿；中脉在叶面凸起。穗状花序呈团伞状；苞片阔倒卵形，宽约2mm，背面有白色长柔毛或柔毛；花萼长约3mm，裂片长圆形，长约2mm，背面有白色长柔毛或微柔毛，萼筒短，长约1mm；花冠长3-4mm，5深裂几达基部；雄蕊30-40，花丝长短不一，伸出花冠外，长4-5mm，花丝基部稍联合成明显的5体雄蕊；花盘有白色长柔毛或微柔毛；花柱长约3mm，子房3室。核果卵圆形或长圆形，长5-8mm，先端具直立的宿萼裂片，基部有宿存的苞片；核骨质，分开成3分核。花期3-4月，果期5-6月。
Sichuan symplocos, also known as waved-edge symplocos or waved-leaf lithocarpus, is a small tree. Young branches are slightly angled and glabrous. Leaves alternate; petiole 5–10 mm long; blade thin and leathery, oblong or narrowly elliptic, 7–13 cm long, 2–5 cm wide, apex gradually acuminate or long-acuminate, base cuneate, margin sharply serrated; midrib prominent on upper surface. Inflorescence spike-like, clustered in umbel-like clusters; bracts broadly倒卵形, about 2 mm wide, abaxially with white long soft hairs or pubescence; calyx about 3 mm long, lobes oblong, ca. 2 mm long, abaxially with white long soft hairs or slight pubescence, tube short, ca. 1 mm long; corolla 3–4 mm long, deeply divided into 5 lobes nearly to the base; stamens 30–40, filaments unequal in length, exserted beyond corolla, 4–5 mm long, bases slightly fused into distinct 5 fascicles; disk pubescent with white soft hairs; style ca. 3 mm long, ovary 3-celled. Fruit drupe, ovoid or oblong, 5–8 mm long, persistent erect calyx lobes at apex, persistent bracts at base; endocarp bony, splitting into three separate pyrenes. Flowering from March to April, fruiting from May to June.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于西南及江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖南、广西等地。
Distributed in southwestern China, as well as in Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hunan, and Guangxi provinces.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔1800m以下的山坡杂林中。
Grows in mixed forests on mountain slopes below 1800 meters above sea level.