木蓝，中药名。为豆科木蓝属植物木蓝IndigoferatinctoriaLinn的茎叶。植物木蓝，分布于华东及湖北、湖南、广东、广西、四川、贵州、云南等地。具有清热解毒，凉血止血之功效。主治乙型脑炎，腮腺炎，急性咽喉炎，淋巴结炎，目赤，口疮，痈肿疮疖，丹毒，疥癣，虫蛇咬伤，吐血。
Mu-lan, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the stems and leaves of the plant Indigofera tinctoria Linn, a member of the pea family. Mu-lan is distributed in East China, as well as in Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and other regions. It is known for its efficacy in clearing heat, detoxification, cooling blood, and stopping bleeding. It is used to treat diseases such as type B encephalitis, mumps, acute pharyngitis, lymphadenitis, conjunctivitis, oral ulcers, carbuncles, furuncles, erysipelas, scabies, insect and snake bites, and hemoptysis.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒，凉血止血。
Clearing heat and detoxifying, cooling blood and stopping bleeding.

主治 Indications

乙型脑炎，腮腺炎，急性咽喉炎，淋巴结炎，目赤，口疮，痈肿疮疖，丹毒，疥癣，虫蛇咬伤，吐血。
Japanese encephalitis, mumps, acute pharyngitis, lymphadenitis, conjunctivitis, oral ulcers, furuncles, erysipelas, scabies, insect or snake bites, and hematemesis.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，15-30g。外用：适量，煎水洗，或捣敷。
Internal use: Decoction, 15-30g. External use: Appropriate amount, decoct in water for washing, or apply as a poultice.

药理作用 Pharmacological Actions

1、抑菌抗白血病作用。

1. Antibacterial and anti-leukemia effects.

2、增强免疫作用。
2. Enhanced immune function.

3、抑制DNA合成。
3. Inhibition of DNA synthesis.

相关论述 Relevant Discussions

《群芳谱》：“槐蓝，叶如槐叶，皆可作靛。”
"Huai Lan, with leaves resembling those of the Sophora tree, can be used to make indigo dye."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治乙型脑炎，木蓝鲜全草60-90g。水煎服。预防：木蓝鲜枝叶15-30g，水煎服。每3d服1次，连服数次。(《福建中草药》)

1. For treating Japanese encephalitis, use 60-90g of fresh whole herb of Indigofera, decocted in water for oral administration. For prevention, use 15-30g of fresh branches and leaves of Indigofera, decocted in water for oral administration. Take once every 3 days, repeat for several doses. (From "Fujian Chinese Herbal Medicine")

2、治腮腺炎，木蓝、海金砂各9g，射干6g。水煎服。木蓝、仙人掌各鲜草适量。捣烂，敷患处。(《福建药物志》)
2. For treating parotitis, use 9g each of Indigofera and Lygodium japonicum, and 6g of Belamcanda chinensis, decocted in water for oral administration. Use appropriate amount of fresh herbs of Indigofera and Opuntia, mash them, and apply to the affected area. (From "Fujian Materia Medica")

3、治阳性肿毒，木蓝叶捣碎外敷。（江西《草药手册》)
3. For treating carbuncles and toxic swellings, crush the leaves of Indigofera and apply externally. (From "Jiangxi Herbal Manual")

4、洽疥癣，汗斑，木蓝叶30g,樟脑6g。捣烂，取汁外搽。（江西《草药手册》)
4. For treating scabies and tinea versicolor, use 30g of Indigofera leaves and 6g of camphor, mash them, extract the juice, and apply externally. (From "Jiangxi Herbal Manual")

附注 Notes

1、品种情况：同属植物野青树（Indigofera suffruticosa Mill.）、爵床科植物马蓝（Strobilanthes cusia (Nees) O. Kuntze）、蓼科植物蓼蓝（Polygonum tinctorium Ait.）、十字花科植物菘蓝（Isatis indigotica Fort.）等的叶或茎叶，均可作为提取青黛的原料，其中前三种植物在我省均有分布。

1. Varieties: Leaves or stems of plants such as Indigofera suffruticosa Mill., Strobilanthes cusia (Nees) O. Kuntze, Polygonum tinctorium Ait., and Isatis indigotica Fort. can all be used as raw materials for extracting Qingdai. The first three species are distributed in our province.

2、药用部位：木蓝的干燥茎叶及根功效清热解毒，亦供药用。茎叶治流行性乙型脑炎及痈疖肿毒；根治丹毒。
2. Medicinal parts: The dried stems, leaves, and roots of Indigofera have heat-clearing and detoxifying effects and are used medicinally. The stems and leaves treat epidemic Japanese encephalitis and furuncles; the roots treat erysipelas.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏、秋季采收，鲜用或晒干。
Harvest in summer or autumn, use fresh or sun-dried.

药材鉴别 Identification of Medicinal Material

药材性状：枝条圆柱形，有纵棱，被白色丁字毛。羽状复叶互生，小叶9-13，常脱落，小叶倒卵状矩圆形或倒卵形，长1-2cm，宽0.5-1.5cm，先端钝，有短尖，基部近圆形，两面被丁字毛，叶柄、叶轴与小叶柄均被白色丁字毛。气微，味微苦。
Medicinal material characteristics: Branches are cylindrical with longitudinal ridges and covered with white stellate hairs. Pinnate compound leaves are alternate, with 9–13 leaflets that often fall off. Leaflets are inverted ovate-oblong or obovate, 1–2 cm long, 0.5–1.5 cm wide, blunt at apex with a short point, nearly round at base, both surfaces covered with stellate hairs. Petioles, rachis, and petiolules are all covered with white stellate hairs. Slight odor, slightly bitter taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：豆科木蓝属植物木蓝。
The plant is Indigofera tinctoria L., belonging to the genus Indigofera in the Fabaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

小灌木，高50-80cm，罕更高。茎直立，小枝被银白色丁字毛。叶互生；叶柄长1.3-2.5cm；托叶小，锥形；奇数羽状复叶，长2.5-5cm，小叶对生，小叶9-13片，叶片卵状长圆形或倒卵状椭圆形，长1.5-3cm，宽0.5-1.5cm，先端钝圆，有小尖，基部楔形，全缘，两面被丁字毛，叶干时常带蓝色。总状花序长2.5-5cm，通常腋生，远较叶为短，花疏生，有花约20朵；萼钟形，斜形，被银白色丁字毛，5齿裂；花冠蝶形，红黄色，长约4mm，旗瓣宽卵形至长圆形，外面有毛，翼瓣卵圆形，微与龙骨瓣相连，龙骨瓣匙形，爪上有距；雄蕊10，二体；子房无柄，花柱短，内弯，柱头头状。荚果线状圆柱形，直或稍弯，长约2.5-3cm，种子间有缢缩，外形似串珠，有毛或无毛。有种子5-10颗。种子长圆形，长约1.5mm。花期5-10月，果期6-11月。
Small shrub, 50–80 cm tall, rarely taller. Stem erect, young branches covered with silvery-white stellate hairs. Leaves alternate; petiole 1.3–2.5 cm long; stipules small, conical; odd-pinnate compound leaves 2.5–5 cm long, leaflets opposite, 9–13 leaflets, leaflets ovate-oblong or obovate-elliptic, 1.5–3 cm long, 0.5–1.5 cm wide, obtuse or slightly acute at apex, cuneate at base, entire margin, covered with stellate hairs on both sides, often bluish when dry. Raceme 2.5–5 cm long, usually axillary, much shorter than leaves, flowers sparse, about 20 flowers; calyx campanulate, oblique, covered with silvery-white stellate hairs, 5-toothed; corolla papilionaceous, red-yellow, about 4 mm long, standard broadly ovate to oblong, hairy on outside, wings ovate, slightly connected to keel, keel spoon-shaped, with claw bearing spur; stamens 10, diadelphous; ovary sessile, style short, incurved, stigma capitate. Legume linear-cylindrical, straight or slightly curved, about 2.5–3 cm long, constricted between seeds, resembling a string of beads, hairy or glabrous. Contains 5–10 seeds. Seeds oblong, about 1.5 mm long. Flowering period from May to October, fruiting period from June to November.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于华东及湖北、湖南、广东、广西、四川、贵州、云南等地。
Distributed in East China, as well as Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

野生于山坡草丛中，南部各省时有栽培。
Wild in grassy slopes; occasionally cultivated in southern provinces.