牛白藤，中药名。为茜草科植物牛白藤HedyotishedyotideaDC.[Oldentandiahedyotidea(DC.)Hand.-Mazz.]的茎叶。牛白藤分布于广东、广西、云南。具有清热解毒之功效。常用于风热感冒，肺热咳嗽，中暑高热，肠炎，皮肤湿疹，带状疱疹，痈疮肿毒。
Niu-bai-teng, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the stems and leaves of the plant Hedyotis hedyotidea DC. [Oldenlandia hedyotidea (DC.) Hand.-Mazz.], a member of the Rubiaceae family. Niu-bai-teng is distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan provinces. It is known for its efficacy in clearing heat and detoxification. It is commonly used for wind-heat type of cold, lung-heat cough, heatstroke with high fever, enteritis, eczema, herpes zoster, and carbuncle.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒。
Clearing heat and detoxifying.

主治 Indications

用于风热感冒，肺热咳嗽，中暑高热，肠炎，皮肤湿疹，带状疱疹，痈疮肿毒。
Indicated for wind-heat common cold, lung-heat cough, heatstroke with high fever, enteritis, skin eczema, herpes zoster, and carbuncle.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，10-30g。外用：适量，捣烂外敷。
Internal use: Decoction, 10-30g. External use: Proper amount, mash and apply externally.

注意事项 Precautions

孕妇忌服。
Pregnant women should avoid taking it.

药理作用 Pharmacological Effects

抗胃溃疡作用。
Anti-gastric ulcer effect.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

1、广州部队《常用中草药手册》：“甘、淡，凉。”

1. "Sweet, mild, and cool." - Guangzhou Military Region's "Handbook of Common Chinese Herbal Medicines."

2、广州部队《常用中草药手册》：“清热解暑，祛风除湿。”
2. "Clears heat, relieves summer-heat, dispels wind, and eliminates dampness." - Guangzhou Military Region's "Handbook of Common Chinese Herbal Medicines."

3、《广西中草药》：“治胃肠炎，痔疮出血。”
3. "Used for treating gastroenteritis and bleeding hemorrhoids." - "Guangxi Chinese Herbal Medicine."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、防治中暑、感冒咳嗽：用（牛白藤）叶制凉茶饮。

1. Prevention and treatment of heatstroke, colds, and coughs: Prepare a cooling tea with the leaves of Millettia reticulata.

2、治皮肤湿疹，瘙痒，带状疱疹：用（牛白藤）鲜叶煎水外洗。（1-2方出自广州部队《常用中草药手册》）
2. Treatment of skin eczema, itching, and herpes zoster: Boil fresh leaves of Millettia reticulata in water for external washing. (Formulas 1-2 from Guangzhou Military Region's "Handbook of Common Chinese Herbal Medicines")

3、治痈疖肿毒，乳腺炎：用（牛白藤）鲜叶捣烂外敷。（《广西本草选编》）
3. Treatment of abscesses, carbuncles, and mastitis: Mash fresh leaves of Millettia reticulata for external application. (Source: "Compilation of Guangxi Materia Medica")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：全年均可采，鲜用或切段晒干。
Harvesting and processing methods: Can be harvested all year round, used fresh or cut into sections and dried in the sun.

药材鉴别 Identification of Medicinal Materials

药材性状：藤茎多切成斜片或段片，长3-5cm，直径0.3-3cm，外皮淡黄色或灰褐色，粗糙，有稍扭曲的浅沟槽及细纵纹；皮孔点状突起，常纵向排列呈棱线，黄白色；质坚硬，不易折断，断面皮部暗灰色，较窄，木部宽广，深黄色、黄白色或红棕色，有不规则菊花纹，中心有髓。叶对生，多皱缩，完整叶片展平后呈卵形或卵状矩圆形，长4-10cm，宽2.5-4cm，先端渐尖，基部近圆形或阔楔形，全缘，上面粗糙，下面叶脉有粉末状柔毛，侧脉明显；托叶戴头状，长4-6mm，先端有刺毛4-6条；叶柄长3-10mm。气微，味微甘。以片张厚薄均匀、切面黄白色者为佳。
Characteristics of medicinal materials: The stems are often cut into oblique or segmental slices, 3-5cm long and 0.3-3cm in diameter, with a pale yellow or gray-brown outer skin that is rough, with slightly twisted shallow grooves and fine longitudinal lines. The pores are dot-like protrusions, often arranged longitudinally in ridges, yellow-white in color. The texture is hard and not easily broken, with a dark gray skin layer on the cross-section, relatively narrow, and a broad wood layer that is deep yellow, yellow-white, or reddish-brown, with irregular chrysanthemum-like patterns and a central pith. The leaves are opposite, often wrinkled, with complete leaf blades being ovate or ovate-oblong when flattened, 4-10cm long and 2.5-4cm wide, gradually pointed at the tip, with a nearly round or broadly wedge-shaped base, entire margins, rough upper surface, lower surface with powdery soft hairs on the veins, and prominent lateral veins. The stipules are capitate, 4-6mm long, with 4-6 bristly hairs at the tip; the petiole is 3-10mm long. It has a mild aroma and slightly sweet taste. The best quality is characterized by uniform thickness of the slices, with a yellow-white color on the cut surface.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：茜草科植物牛白藤。
Plant species: A plant in the Rubiaceae family called "Millettia reticulata" (Niubaiteng).

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

粗壮藤状灌木，高3-5m，触之粗糙。幼枝四棱形，密被粉末状柔毛。叶对生；叶柄长3-10mm；托叶长4-6mm，有4-6条刺毛；叶片卵形或卵状披针形，长4-10cm，宽2.5-4cm，先端渐尖，基部阔楔形，上面粗糙，下面被柔毛，全缘，膜质。花序球形，腋生或顶生；总花梗长1.5-2.5cm；花细小，白色，具短梗；萼筒陀螺状，裂片4，线状披针形；花冠长1.5cm，裂片披针形，长4-4.5mm；外反；雄蕊二型，伸出或内藏。蒴果近球形，直径约2mm，先端极隆起，有宿存萼裂片，开裂。花期秋季。
A robust vine-like shrub, 3-5m tall, with a rough texture when touched. The young branches are four-angled, densely covered with powdery soft hairs. Leaves are opposite; petioles are 3-10mm long; stipules are 4-6mm long, with 4-6 prickly hairs; leaf blades are ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 4-10cm long, 2.5-4cm wide, gradually pointed at the apex, broadly wedge-shaped at the base, rough on the upper surface, softly hairy on the lower surface, entire margin, membranous. The inflorescence is spherical, axillary or terminal; peduncles are 1.5-2.5cm long; flowers are small, white, with short stalks; calyx tube is spirally twisted, with 4 linear-lanceolate lobes; corolla is 1.5cm long, with lanceolate lobes, 4-4.5mm long; stamens are dimorphic, exerted or included. Capsules are nearly spherical, about 2mm in diameter, extremely swollen at the apex, with persistent calyx lobes, dehiscent. Flowering occurs in autumn.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于广东、广西、云南。
Distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于山谷、坡地、林下、灌木丛中。
Born in valleys, slopes, under forests, and among shrubs.