牛蒡茎叶，中药名。为菊科植物牛蒡ArctiumlappaL.的茎叶。牛蒡分布于东北、西北、中南、西南及河北、山西、山东、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、广西等地。具有清热除烦，消肿止痛之功效。常用于风热头痛，心烦口干，咽喉肿痛，小便涩少，痈肿疮疖，皮肤风痒，白屑风。
Niu-bang-jing-ye, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the stems and leaves of Arctium lappa L., a plant of the Asteraceae family, is distributed in the northeast, northwest, central and southern regions, as well as in Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, and Guangxi. It has the functions of clearing heat, relieving restlessness, reducing swelling, and alleviating pain. It is commonly used for wind-heat headache, restlessness, dry mouth, sore throat, scanty urine, carbuncles, furuncles, pruritus, and psoriasis.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

清热除烦，消肿止痛。主治
Clearing heat, relieving irritability, reducing swelling, and alleviating pain. Mainly used for治疗。

用于风热头痛，心烦口干，咽喉肿痛，小便涩少，痈肿疮疖，皮肤风痒，白屑风。用法用量
Used for headache due to wind-heat, restlessness, dry mouth, sore throat, scanty urine, carbuncles, furuncles, itchy skin, and seborrheic dermatitis. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，10-15g，鲜品加倍；或捣汁。外用：适量，鲜品捣敷；或绞汁，或熬膏涂。相关论述
Internal use: Decoction, 10-15g, double the amount for fresh herbs; or pounded into juice. External use: Apply an appropriate amount of fresh herbs directly; or extract juice, or make into a paste for topical application. Related discussions.

1、《药性论》：“味甘，无毒。”2、《新疆中草药》：“苦，微寒。”3、《药性论》：“牛蒡单用，主面目烦闷，四肢不健，通十二经脉，治五脏恶气，可常作菜食之，令人身轻。又茎叶取汁，夏月多浴，去皮间习习如虫行风。洗了，慎风少时。”临床应用 相关配伍

1. "Materia Medica: Sweet in taste, non-toxic."2. "Xinjiang Medicinal Herbs: Bitter, slightly cold."3. "Materia Medica: Using burdock alone can relieve facial congestion, limb weakness, regulate the twelve meridians, treat internal organ discomfort, and can be eaten regularly as a vegetable to promote weight loss. Additionally, the juice extracted from its stems and leaves can be used for summer bathing to dispel wind-like sensations and skin irritations. After washing, avoid exposure to wind for a short period of time." Clinical applications and relevant combinations.

1、治中风，心烦口干，手足不遂及皮肤热疮：牛蒡叶（肥嫩者）一斤，酥一两。上件药以汤煮牛蒡叶三五沸，漉出，于五味中重煮作羹。入酥食之。（《圣惠方》牛蒡叶羹）2、治喉痹水浆不入：取生恶实茎叶研，涂喉上。兼捶一茎，令头破，内喉中，差。（《圣济总录》）3、治小便不通，脐腹急痛：大夫叶汁、生地黄汁、蜂蜜各30g。加水煎3-5沸，调滑石末3g服。（《河北中草药》）4、治诸疮及金疮：用牛蒡叶贴之。（《卫生易简方》）5、治急性乳腺炎：（1）牛蒡子叶9g（鲜品30g）。水煎当茶。（《全国中草药新医疗法展览会资料选加工炮制 采收加工

1. Treatment for stroke with symptoms of restlessness, dry mouth, paralysis of limbs, and hot sores on the skin: Take one jin of fresh burdock leaves, and one liang of suet. Cook the burdock leaves in a decoction for three to five boils, strain out the liquid, then cook it again with the five flavors to make a thick soup. Add suet and consume. (From "Sheng Hui Fang" - Burdock Leaf Soup)2. Treatment for throat obstruction preventing the intake of water and porridge: Grind the stems and leaves of fresh Aristolochia debilis, apply on the throat. Also, pound one stem until it breaks, insert it into the head to break the obstruction in the throat. (From "Sheng Ji Zong Lu")3. Treatment for urinary retention and acute abdominal pain: Take 30g each of doctor leaf juice, fresh Rehmannia juice, and honey. Add water and boil for 3-5 times, then mix with 3g of talcum powder and take orally. (From "Hebei Chinese Herbal Medicine")4. Treatment for various ulcers and bedsores: Apply fresh burdock leaves on the affected areas. (From "Wei Sheng Yi Jian Fang")5. Treatment for acute mastitis: (1) Take 9g of burdock seed leaves (or 30g of fresh ones) and decoct in water to make a tea. (From "National Chinese Herbal Medicine New Medical Treatment Exhibition Data Processing Collection")

6-9月采收，晒干或鲜用。植物学信息 植物种属
Harvest from June to September, and dry in the sun or use fresh. Botanical information: plant species.

菊科植物牛蒡。形态特征
Asteraceae plant Arctium lappa. Morphological characteristics.

牛蒡又名鼠黏草、夜叉头、蝙蝠刺、蒡翁菜、便牵牛、饿死囊中草、疙瘩菜、象耳朵、老母猪耳朵、鼠见愁、老鼠愁。二年生草本，高1-2m。根粗壮，肉质，圆锥形。茎直立，上部多分枝，带紫褐色，有纵条棱。基生叶大形，丛生，有长柄；茎生叶互生；叶片长卵形或广卵形，长20-50cm，宽15-40cm，先端钝，具刺尖，基部常为心形，全缘或具不整齐波状微齿，上面绿色或暗绿色。具疏毛，下面密被灰白色短绒毛。头状花序簇生于茎顶或排列成伞房状，直径2-4cm，花序梗长3-7cm，表面有浅沟，密被细毛；总苞球形，苞片多数，覆瓦状排列，披针形或线状披针形，先端钩曲；花小，红紫色，均为管状花，两性，花冠先端5浅裂，聚药雄蕊5，与花冠裂片互生，花药黄色；子房下位，1室，先端圆盘状，着生短刚毛状冠毛；花柱细长，柱头2裂。瘦果长圆形或长圆状倒卵形，灰褐色，具纵棱，冠毛短刺状，淡黄棕色。花期6-8月，果期8-10月。分布区域
Burdock, also known as mouse sticky grass, devil's claw, bat thorn, burdock vegetable, cow's tether, grass that starves cows to death, lump vegetable, elephant ear, old sow's ear, mouse worries, and old mouse worries. It is a biennial herbaceous plant, reaching a height of 1-2m. The roots are thick, fleshy, and conical. The stems are erect, with many branches in the upper part, purplish-brown, and longitudinally ribbed. The basal leaves are large, clustered, with long petioles; stem leaves are alternate; leaf blades are long ovate or broadly ovate, 20-50cm long, 15-40cm wide, blunt at the apex, with prickly tips, often heart-shaped at the base, with entire margins or irregularly wavy serrations, green or dark green on the upper surface. They are sparsely hairy, densely covered with short white-gray hairs on the underside. The head-like flower clusters are clustered at the top of the stem or arranged in umbel-like clusters, with a diameter of 2-4cm, flower cluster stalks 3-7cm long, shallowly grooved on the surface, densely covered with fine hairs; the involucre is spherical, with many bracts, arranged in overlapping tiles, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, with hooked tips; the flowers are small, red-purple, all tubular, bisexual, with 5 shallowly lobed corolla tips, 5 stamens clustered together, alternating with the corolla lobes, yellow anthers; the ovary is inferior, 1-celled, disc-shaped at the apex, with short stiff hairs forming a crown-like structure; the style is slender, with a 2-lobed stigma. The achene is elongated oval or elongated ovoid, gray-brown, longitudinally ridged, with short prickly crown-like structures, pale yellow-brown. It flowers from June to August and fruits from August to October. Distribution area.

分布于东北、西北、中南、西南及河北、山西、山东、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、广西等地。生长环境
Distributed in Northeast, Northwest, Central South, Southwest, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Guangxi, etc. Growing environment.

常栽培。野生者，多生于山野路旁、沟边、荒地、山坡向阳草地、林边和村镇附近。
Commonly cultivated. Wild ones are mostly found growing along mountain roadsides, ditches, wastelands, sunny grasslands on mountain slopes, forest edges, and near villages and towns.