蜘蛛香

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为败酱科植物蜘蛛香Valeriana jatamansi Jones的干燥根茎和根。秋季采挖，除去泥沙，晒干。
Valerian Rhizome and Root is the dried rhizome and root of Valeriana jatamansi Jones (Fam. Valerianaceae). The drug is collected in autumn, removed from soil and sand, and dried.

性状 Description

本品根茎呈圆柱形，略扁，稍弯曲，少分枝，长1.5～8cm，直径0.5～2cm；表面暗棕色或灰褐色，有紧密隆起的环节和突起的点状根痕，有的顶端略膨大，具茎、叶残基；质坚实，不易折断，折断面略平坦，黄棕色或灰棕色，可见筋脉点（维管束）断续排列成环。根细长，稍弯曲，长3～15cm，直径约0.2cm，有浅纵皱纹，质脆。气特异，味微苦、辛。
Rhizome cylindrical, slightly flattened, slightly curved, few branches, 1.5-8cm long, 0.5-2cm in diameter; surface dark brown or grayish-brown, with closely spaced nodes and pointed root scars, some slightly swollen at the top, with stem and leaf remnants; texture firm, not easily broken, fracture slightly flat, yellowish-brown or grayish-brown, visible vascular bundle points (vascular bundles) arranged in a ring. Roots slender, slightly curved, 3-15cm long, diameter about 0.2cm, with shallow longitudinal wrinkles, brittle texture. Odour, characteristically aromatic; taste, slightly bitter and pungent.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品根茎横切面：表皮细胞1列，方形或类长方形，淡棕色，外壁增厚，木栓化，有时可见非腺毛或腺毛，有的木栓层外无表皮细胞存在。皮层宽广，常见根迹或叶迹维管束；内皮层明显。外韧型维管束多个，断续排列成环。髓部宽广。薄壁细胞内有众多淡黄棕色针簇状或扇形橙皮苷结晶。本品粉末灰棕色。淀粉粒甚多，单粒类圆形、长圆形或卵形，有的一端尖突，直径5～39μm，脐点裂缝状、三叉状或点状，有的可见层纹；复粒由2～4粒组成。导管主为网纹导管和单纹孔导管。薄壁细胞内含有淡棕褐色物和橙皮苷结晶。
（1）Cross-section of the rhizome: 1 column of epidermal cells, square or oblong-shaped, light brown, thickened outer wall, wood embolization, sometimes non-glandular hairs or glandular hairs, some wood plug layer outside no epidermal cells. The cortex is broad, and root or leaf traces are commonly vascular; The endothelial layer is pronounced. The externally tough vascular bundle is multiple, arranged intermittently in a ring. The medulla is broad. Parenchymal cells contain numerous yellowish-brown needle-like or fan-shaped hesperidin crystals. This product powder gray brown. There are many starch grains, single grains round, oblong or ovate, some pointed at one end, diameter 5~39μm, umbilical point crack, tridental or pointed, some visible layer lines; The compound granules are composed of 2~4 grains. The catheters are mainly reticulated catheters and monostriated catheters. Parenchymal cells contain light tan and hesperidin crystals.

（2）取本品粉末0.2g，加乙醚5ml，振摇，放置5分钟，滤过，滤液挥去乙醚，残渣加甲醇0.5ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取缬草三酯对照品、乙酰缬草三酯对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml各含1mg的混合溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液5μl、对照品溶液2μl，分别点于同一硅胶GF254薄层板上，以石油醚（30～60℃）-丙酮（5∶1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（254nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
（2）To 0.2g of the powder add 5ml of ether, shake for 5 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 0.5ml of methanol as the test solution. Take valtrate CRS and acevaltrate CRS, dissolve in methanol to produce a mixed solution containing 1mg per ml as the Reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel GF254 as the coating substance and a mixture of petroleum ether (30-60°C) and acetone (5:1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 5μl of the test solution and 2μl of the Reference solution. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Examine under ultraviolet light at 254nm. The spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the Reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832,method 4>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过10.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 10.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过3.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 3.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的冷浸法测定，用乙醇作溶剂，不得少于8.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the cold maceration method>, using ethanol as the solvent,not less than 8.0 per cent.

饮片 Prepared slices

蜘蛛香 Valerian Rhizome and Root

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，洗净，润透，切片，晒干。
Eliminate Foreign matter,wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into slices, and dry in the sun.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

微苦、辛。
Slightly bitter and pungent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归心、脾、胃经。
Heart, spleen, and stomach meridians.

功能 Actions

理气止痛，消食止泻，祛风除湿，镇惊安神。
To regulate qi and relieve pain, promote digestion and stop diarrhea, dispel wind and eliminate dampness, and calm the mind and tranquilize the spirit.

主治 Indications

用于脘腹胀痛，食积不化，腹泻痢疾，风湿痹痛，腰膝酸软，失眠。
Abdominal distension and pain, indigestion, diarrhea and dysentery, rheumatic arthralgia, lumbago and weakness of the knees, insomnia.

用量 Dosage

3～6g。
3-6g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处，防尘、防蛀。
Store in a dry place, protected from dust and moth.

蜘蛛香

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为败酱科植物蜘蛛香Valeriana jatamansi Jones的干燥根茎和根。秋季采挖，除去泥沙，晒干。
Jatamans Valeriana Rhizome is the dried rhizome and root of Valeriana jatamansi Jones (Fam. Valerianaceae). The drug is collected in autumn, removed from soil, and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品根茎呈圆柱形，略扁，稍弯曲，少分枝，长1.5～8cm，直径0.5～2cm；表面暗棕色或灰褐色，有紧密隆起的环节和突起的点状根痕，有的顶端略膨大，具茎、叶残基；质坚实，不易折断，折断面略平坦，黄棕色或灰棕色，可见筋脉点（维管束）断续排列成环。根细长，稍弯曲，长3～15cm，直径约0.2cm，有浅纵皱纹，质脆。气特异，味微苦、辛。
Rhizome cylindrical, slightly flatten and curved, less branched, 1.5-8 cm long, 0.5-2 cm in diameter; externally dark brown or greyish-brown, with dense and raised annular nodes and gibbous dotted root scars, sometimes enlarged slightly at the top ends, with remains of stems and leaves; texture compact, uneasily broken, fracture slightly even, yellowish-brown or greyish-brown, dotted vascular bundles in a discontinuous ring. Root slender, slightly sinuous, 3-15 cm long, about 0.2 cm in diameter, with shallow longitudinal wrinkles; texture fragile. Odour, characteristic; taste slightly bitter and pungent.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品根茎横切面：表皮细胞1列，方形或类长方形，淡棕色，外壁增厚，木栓化，有时可见非腺毛或腺毛，有的木栓层外无表皮细胞存在。皮层宽广，常见根迹或叶迹维管束；内皮层明显。外韧型维管束多个，断续排列成环。髓部宽广。薄壁细胞内有众多淡黄棕色针簇状或扇形橙皮苷结晶。形，有的一端尖突，直径5～39μm，脐点裂缝状、三叉状或点状，有的可见层纹；复粒由2～4粒组成。导管主为网纹导管和单纹孔导管。薄壁细胞内含有淡棕褐色物和橙皮苷结晶。
（2）取本品粉末0.2g，加乙醚5ml，振摇，放置5分钟，滤过，滤液挥去乙醚，残渣加甲醇0.5ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取缬草三酯对照品、乙酰缬草三酯对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml各含1mg的混合溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液5μl、对照品溶液2μl，分别点于同一硅胶GF254薄层板上，以石油醚（30～60℃）-丙酮（5：1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（254nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 4>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过10.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 10.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过3.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 3.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的冷浸法测定，用乙醇作溶剂，不得少于8.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201, the cold maceration method>, using ethanol as the solvent, not less than 8.0 per cent.

饮片 Prepared slices

蜘蛛香 Jatamans Valeriana

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，洗净，润透，切片，晒干。
Eliminate foreign matters, wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into slices, and dry in the sun.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

微苦、辛。
Mild bitter, pungent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归心、脾、胃经。
Heart, spleen, and stomach meridians.

功能 Actions

理气止痛，消食止泻，祛风除湿，镇惊安神。
To regulate qi, relieve pain, promote digestion, stop diarrhea, dispel wind, remove dampness, and tranquilize by heavy settling.

主治 Indications

用于脘腹胀痛，食积不化，腹泻痢疾，风湿痹痛，腰膝酸软，失眠。
Distending pain in the epigastrium and abdomen, food retention, diarrhea and dysentery, painful bi disorder caused by wind-dampness, soreness and weakness in the lower back and knees, and insomnia.

用量 Dosage

3～6g。
3-6 g.

用法 Administration

无特殊要求。
No special requirements.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处，防尘、防蛀。
Preserve in a dry place, and protect from dust and moth.