猫爪草

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为毛茛科植物小毛茛Ranunculus ternatus Thunb.的干燥块根。春季采挖，除去须根和泥沙，晒干。
Ranunculus Ternati Radix is the dried tuberous root of Ranunculus ternatus Thunb. (Fam. Ranunculaceae). The drug is collected in spring, removed from rootlets and sand, and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品由数个至数十个纺锤形的块根簇生，形似猫爪，长3～10mm，直径2～3mm，顶端有黄褐色残茎或茎痕。表面黄褐色或灰黄色，久存色泽变深，微有纵皱纹，并有点状须根痕和残留须根。质坚实，断面类白色或黄白色，空心或实心，粉性。气微，味微甘。
Tuberous roots spindle-shaped, several to several dozen clustered together, resembling cat's claws, 3-10 mm long, 2-3 mm in diameter, with yellowish-brown remnants of stem or stem scars at the apex. Surface yellowish-brown or grayish-yellow, becoming darker on storage, slightly longitudinally wrinkled, with dot-like rootlet scars and remnants of rootlets. Texture hard, fracture white or yellowish-white, hollow or solid, powdery. Odour, slight; taste, slightly sweet.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品横切面：表皮细胞切向延长，黄棕色，有的分化为表皮毛，微木化。皮层为20～30列细胞组成，壁稍厚，有纹孔；内皮层明显。中柱小；木质部、韧皮部各2～3束，间隔排列。薄壁细胞充满淀粉粒。
(1) Transverse section of the drug: Epidermal cells elongated tangentially, yellowish-brown, some differentiated into epidermal hairs, slightly lignified. Cortex composed of 20-30 rows of cells, walls slightly thickened, with reticulate pits; endodermis distinct. Pith small; xylem and phloem each with 2-3 bundles, arranged alternately. Thin-walled cells filled with starch grains.

（2）取本品粉末1g，加稀乙醇10ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取猫爪草对照药材1g，同法制成对照药材溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各5～10μ1，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以正丁醇-无水乙醇-冰醋酸-水（8︰2︰2︰3）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以茚三酮试液，热风吹至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的主斑点。
(2) To 1 g of the powder add 10 ml of diluted ethanol, treat with ultrasound for 30 minutes, filter, and use the filtrate as the test solution. Prepare a solution of the reference drug, Ranunculus Ternati Radix, in the same manner. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of n-butanol-ethanol-glacial acetic acid-water (8:2:2:3) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 5-10 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a solution of anthrone in heat at 105°C to the spots clear. The main spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过8.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 8.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过4.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 4.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于30.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the hot maceration method>, using diluted ethanol as the solvent,not less than 30.0 per cent.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

甘、辛。
Sweet, Pungent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝、肺经。
Liver and lung meridians.

功能 Actions

化痰散结，解毒消肿。
To resolve phlegm and dissipate nodules, detoxify and reduce swelling.

主治 Indications

用于瘰疬痰核，疔疮肿毒，蛇虫咬伤。
Used for scrofula with phlegm nodules, carbuncles and boils with swelling and toxicity, snake and insect bites.

用量 Dosage

15～30g。单味药可用至120g。
15-30 g.Single herb can be used up to 120g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处，防蛀。
Store in a well-ventilated and dry place, and protect from moth.

猫爪草

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为毛茛科植物小毛茛Ranunculus ternatus Thunb.的干燥块根。春季采挖，除去须根和泥沙，晒干。
Catelaw Buttercup Root is the dried root tuber of Ranunculus ternatus Thunb. (Fam. Ranunculaceae). The drug is collected in spring and autumn, removed from rootlet and soil, and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品由数个至数十个纺锤形的块根簇生，形似猫爪，长3～10mm，直径2～3mm，顶端有黄褐色残茎或茎痕。表面黄褐色或灰黄色，久存色泽变深，微有纵皱纹，并有点状须根痕和残留须根。质坚实，断面类白色或黄白色，空心或实心，粉性。气微，味微甘。
Fusiform, couple or dozens of fascicled like a cat's claw, 3-10 mm long, 2-3 mm in diameter, apex with yellowish-brown remains of stem and stem scars. Externally yellowish-brown or greyish-yellow, gradually darkening on long storage, with slightly longitudinal wrinkles and some dotted rootlets scars and residual rootlets. Texture compact, fracture whitish or yellowish-white, hollowed or solid, starchy. Odour, slight; taste, slightly sweet.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品横切面：表皮细胞切向延长，黄棕色，有的分化为表皮毛，微木化。皮层为20～30列细胞组成，壁稍厚，有纹孔；内皮层明显。中柱小；木质部、韧皮部各2～3束，间隔排列。薄壁细胞充满淀粉粒。
（2）取本品粉末1g，加稀乙醇10ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取猫爪草对照药材1g，同法制成对照药材溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各5～10μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以正丁醇-无水乙醇-冰醋酸-水（8：2：2：3）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以茚三酮试液，热风吹至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的主斑点。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过8.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 8.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过4.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 4.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于30.0%。
Carry out the hot extraction method for determination of ethanol soluble extractives <2201>, using dilute ethanol TS as the solvent, not less than 30.0 per cent.

性味与归经 Property and Flavor

甘、辛，温。归肝、肺经。
Warm; Sweet, pungent. Liver and lung meridians.

功能与主治 Actions and Indications

化痰散结，解毒消肿。用于瘰疬痰核，疔疮肿毒，蛇虫咬伤。
To resolve phlegm, dissipate bind, remove toxin and disperse swelling. Used for scrofula, phlegm nodule, deep-rooted boil and sore, swelling and toxin, and bites of insect, worm or snake.

用法与用量 Administration and dosage

15～30g，单味药可用至120g。
15-30 g, taken alone, the dosage can be up to 120 g.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处，防蛀。
Preserve in a ventilated and dry place, and protect from moth.