野菊花

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为菊科植物野菊Chrysanthemum indicum L.的干燥头状花序。秋、冬二季花初开放时采摘，晒干，或蒸后晒干。
Wild Chrysanthemum Flower is the dried inflorescence of Chrysanthemum indicum L. (Fam. Compositae). The drug is collected in autumn or winter when the flowers begin to bloom, dried in the sun, or steamed and then dried.

性状 Description

本品呈类球形，直径0.3～1cm，棕黄色。总苞由4～5层苞片组成，外层苞片卵形或条形，外表面中部灰绿色或浅棕色，通常被白毛，边缘膜质；内层苞片长椭圆形，膜质，外表面无毛。总苞基部有的残留总花梗。舌状花1轮，黄色至棕黄色，皱缩卷曲；管状花多数，深黄色。体轻。气芳香，味苦。
The drug is spherical or nearly so, measuring 0.3-1 cm in diameter, and brownish-yellow. The involucre consists of 4-5 layers of bracts; the outer bracts are ovate or linear, with the middle part of the outer surface grayish-green or pale brown, usually covered with white hairs, and the margin membranous; the inner bracts are elongate-elliptical, membranous, and hairless on the outer surface. The base of the involucre often has remnants of the receptacle. The ligulate florets are in one row, yellow to brownish-yellow, wrinkled and curled; the tubular florets are numerous and deep yellow. The drug is light in weight. It has a fragrant odor and a bitter taste.

鉴别 Identification

取本品粉末0.3g，加甲醇15ml，超声处理30分钟，放冷，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取野菊花对照药材0.3g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取蒙花苷对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.2mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述三种溶液各3μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以乙酸丁酯-甲酸-水（2︰1︰1）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以2%三氯化铝乙醇溶液，热风吹干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
To 0.3 g of the powder add 15 ml of methanol, treat with ultrasound for 30 minutes, cool, filter, and take the filtrate as the test solution. Prepare a solution of the reference drug of Wild Chrysanthemum Flower, weighing 0.3 g, by the same method. Prepare a solution of luteolin as the reference solution, dissolving an appropriate amount in methanol to produce a solution containing 0.2 mg per ml. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using a solution of ethyl acetate-butanoic acid-water (2:1:1) as the upper layer of the mobile phase and silica gel G as the coating substance. Apply separately to the plate 3 μl of each of the above three solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 2% solution of aluminum chloride in ethanol, dry with hot air, and examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spots in the chromatograms obtained with the reference drug and the reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过14.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 14.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过9.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 9.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过2.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 2.0 per cent <2302>.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-水-冰醋酸（26︰23︰1）为流动相；检测波长为334nm。理论板数按蒙花苷峰计算应不低于3000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase; use methanol-water-acetic acid (26:23:1) as the mobile phase; detect at a wavelength of 334 nm. The theoretical number of plates calculated from the peak of luteolin should not be less than 3000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取蒙花苷对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇溶解（必要时加热）制成每1ml含25μg的溶液，即得。
Weigh an appropriate amount of luteolin CRS accurately, dissolve in methanol (if necessary, heat), and prepare a solution containing 25 μg per ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过三号筛）约0.25g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇100ml，称定重量，加热回流3小时，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Weigh about 0.25 g of the powder (passed through a No. 3 sieve) of the test drug accurately, place it in a conical flask with a stopper, add methanol 100 ml accurately, weigh, heat under reflux for 3 hours, cool, weigh again, make up the loss in weight with methanol, shake well, filter, and take the subsequent filtrate.

测定法 Method of assay

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各20μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately draw 20 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品按干燥品计算，含蒙花苷（C28H32O14）不得少于0.80%。
Calculate the content of luteolin (C28H32O14) in the dried drug. It should not be less than 0.80%.

性 Property

微寒。
Slightly cold.

味 Flavor

苦、辛。
Bitter, pungent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝、心经。
Liver and Heart meridians.

功能 Actions

清热解毒，泻火平肝。
To clear heat, detoxify, relieve fire, and soothe the liver.

主治 Indications

用于疔疮痈肿，目赤肿痛，头痛眩晕。
Used for carbuncles, furuncles, swelling and pain of the eyes, headache, and dizziness.

用量 Dosage

9～15g。外用适量。
9-15 g. Apply externally in appropriate amounts.

用法 Administration

煎汤外洗或制膏外涂。
Decoction of soup for external wash or made paste for external application.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，防潮，防蛀。
Store in a cool and dry place, protected from moisture and insects.

野菊花

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为菊科植物野菊Ghrysanthemum indicum L.的干燥头状花序。秋、冬二季花初开放时采摘，晒干，或蒸后晒干。
Wild Chrysanthemum Flower is the dried capi-ulum of Chrysanthemum indicum L. (Fam. Compositae). The drug is collected at the early stage of flowering in autumn and winter, and dried in the sun or dried after steaming.

性状 Description

本品呈类球形，直径0.3～1cm，棕黄色。总苞由4～5层苞片组成，外层苞片卵形或条形，外表面中部灰绿色或浅棕色，通常被白毛，边缘膜质；内层苞片长椭圆形，膜质，外表面无毛。总苞基部有的残留总花梗。舌状花1轮，黄色至棕黄色，皱缩卷曲；管状花多数，深黄色。体轻。气芳香，味苦。
Subspherical, 0.3-1 cm in diameter, brow-nish-yellow. Involucre consisting of 4-5 rows of bracts, the outer bracts oval or strip-shaped, the middle part of the outer surface greyish-green or pale brown in the centre, often covered with white hairs, margin scarious； the inner bracts elongated-elliptical, scarious, hairs absent on the outer surface. Remaining pedicel at the base of involucre. Ligulate florets 1 whorl, yellow, crumpled and rolled； tubular florets numerous, deep yellow. Texture light. Odour, aromatic； taste, bitter.

鉴别 Identification

取本品粉末0.3g，加甲醇15ml，超声处理30分钟，放冷，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取野菊花对照药材0.3g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取蒙花苷对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.2mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述三种溶液各3μl，分别点于同一聚酰胺薄膜上，以乙酸乙酯-丁酮-三氯甲烷-甲酸-水（15：15：6：4：1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以2%三氯化铝溶液，热风吹干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
To 0.3 g of the powder add 15 ml of methanol, ultrasonicate for 30 minutes, cool and filter, use the filtrate as the test solution. Prepare a solution with 0.3 g of Chrysanthemi Indici Flos reference drug in the same manner as the reference drug solution. Dissolve buddleoside CRS in methanol to produce a solution of 0.2 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using polyamide as the coating substance and a mixture of ethyl acetate, butanone, chloroform, formic acid and water (15: 15: 6: 4: 1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 3 μl of each of the above three solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in hot air, spray with a 2% solution of aluminium muriate, dry in hot air and examine under ultra-violet light at 365 nm. The fluorescent spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatograms obtained with the reference drug solution and the reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过14.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 14.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过9.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 9.0 per cent<2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过2.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 2.0 per cent<2302>.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 | Chromatographic system and system suitability

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-水-冰醋酸（26：23：1）为流动相；检测波长为334nm。理论板数按蒙花苷峰计算应不低于3000。
Use octa-decylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase and a mixture of methanol, water and glacial acetic acid (52: 46: 2) as the mobile phase. As detector a spectrophotometer set at 334 nm. The number of theoretical plates of the column is not less than 3000, calculated with reference to the peak of buddleoside CRS.

对照品溶液的制备 | Reference solution

取蒙花苷对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇溶解（必要时加热）制成每1ml含25μg的溶液，即得。
Dissolve a quantity of buddleoside CRS, dried previously over phosphorous pentoxide in vacuum (50℃) to constant weight and weighed accurately, in methanol (heat if necessary) to produce a solution of 25 μg per ml.

供试品溶液的制备 | Test solution

取本品粉末（过三号筛）约0.25g。精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇100ml，称定重量，加热回流3小时，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Weigh accurately 0.25 g of the powder (through No.3 sieve) in a stoppered conical flask, add 100 ml of methanol, accurately measured, weigh accurately and heat under reflux for 3 hours, allow to cool and weigh again, replenish the loss of the weight with methanol, and mix well. Filter with a 0.45 μm microporous film and use the successive filtrate as the test solution.

测定法 | Procedure

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各20μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Inject accurately 20 μl of each of the two solutions into the column, and calculate the content.

本品按干燥品计算，含蒙花苷（C28H32O14）不得少于0.80%。
It contains not less than 0.80 per cent of buddleoside (C28H32O14), calculated with reference to the dried drug.

性味与归经 Property and Flavor

苦、辛，微寒。归肝、心经。
Mild cold； bitter, pungent. Liver and heart meridians.

功能与主治 Actions and Indications

清热解毒，泻火平肝。用于疔疮痈肿，目赤肿痛，头痛眩晕。
To clear heat, remove toxin, purge fire and pacify the liver. Deep-rooted boil and sore, swelling abscess, red painful swelling eyes, headache and dizziness.

用法与用量 Administration and dosage

9～15g。外用适量，煎汤外洗或制膏外涂。
9-15 g. Appropriate amount for topical application. Decocted for bathing or made into paste for topical application.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，防潮，防蛀。
Preserve in a cool and dry place, and protect from moisture and moth.