野马追

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为菊科植物轮叶泽兰Eupatorium lindleyanum DC.的干燥地上部分。秋季花初开时采割，晒干。
Eupatorium Lindleyanum Herb is the dried aerial part of Eupatorium lindleyanum DC. (Fam. Compositae). The drug is collected in autumn at the beginning of flowering, dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品茎呈圆柱形，长30～90cm，直径0.2～0.5cm；表面黄绿色或紫褐色，有纵棱，密被灰白色茸毛；质硬，易折断，断面纤维性，髓部白色。叶对生，无柄；叶片多皱缩，展平后叶片3全裂，似轮生，裂片条状披针形，中间裂片较长；先端钝圆，边缘具疏锯齿，上表面绿褐色，下表面黄绿色，两面被毛，有腺点。头状花序顶生。气微，叶味苦、涩。
Stems cylindrical, 30-90 cm long, 2-5 mm in diameter; externally yellowish-green or purplish-brown, with longitudinal ridges, densely covered with greyish-white pubescence; texture hard, easily broken, fracture fibrous, medullated in the centre. Leaves opposite, sessile; blades crumpled, when whole, 3-lobed, resembling whorled arrangement, lobes linear-lanceolate, the middle lobe longer; apex obtuse-rounded, margin sparsely serrate, upper surface greenish-brown, lower surface yellowish-green, pubescent on both surfaces, gland-dotted. Capitula terminal. Odour, slight; taste, bitter and astringent.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末灰绿色或黄绿色。非腺毛由1～10余个细胞组成，胞腔内常含有紫红色分泌物，中部常有一至数个细胞缢缩。腺毛圆球形，直径约60μm，6或8细胞，侧面观排成3或4层，顶面观成对排列。导管多为孔纹导管、梯纹导管及螺纹导管，直径20～40μm。纤维多成束，淡黄色，两端平截。叶下表面细胞垂周壁波状弯曲，气孔不定式。
(1) The powder is greyish-green or yellowish-green. Non-glandular trichomes consist of 1-10 cells, the cavity often contains purple-red secretion, and the middle part often has one to several cells constricted. Glandular trichomes are spherical, about 60 μm in diameter, with 6 or 8 cells, arranged in 3 or 4 layers in side view and in pairs in top view. Vessels are mostly pitted vessels, scalariform vessels and spiral vessels, with a diameter of 20-40 μm. Fibres mostly occur in bundles, pale yellow, with both ends blunt. Epidermal cells on the lower surface of the leaf are sinuous in the anticlinal walls, and the stomata are anomocytic.

（2）取本品粉末2g，加甲醇30ml，浸泡过夜，超声处理1小时，滤过，滤液回收溶剂至干，残渣加甲醇5ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取金丝桃苷对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含20μg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液2μl、对照品溶液1μl，分别点于同一聚酰胺薄膜上，以正丁醇-醋酸-水（4︰0.1︰5）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以3%三氯化铝乙醇溶液，热风吹干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
(2) To 2 g of the powder add 30 ml of methanol, soak overnight, treat with ultrasound for 1 hour, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 5 ml of methanol as the test solution. Take an appropriate amount of rutin CRS, add methanol to produce a solution containing 20 μg per ml as the Reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using a polyamide film as the coating substance and the upper layer of n-butanol-acetic acid-water (4:0.1:5) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 2 μl of the test solution and 1 μl of the Reference solution. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 3% solution of aluminium chloride in ethanol, dry with hot air, and examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The fluorescent spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatogram obtained with the Reference solution.

（3）取〔鉴别〕（2）项下供试品溶液3ml，置于已处理好的聚酰胺柱（10g，内径为1.5cm，湿法装柱）上，用10%乙醇洗脱，收集洗脱液150ml，蒸干，残渣加甲醇1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取野马追内酯A对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含1mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液5μl、对照品溶液2μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以二氯甲烷-甲醇（10︰0.4）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%硫酸乙醇溶液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰，置日光下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
(3) To 3 ml of the test solution prepared under Identification (2) place on a polyamide column (10 g, 1.5 cm in internal diameter, wet-packed), elute with 10% ethanol, collect 150 ml of the eluate, evaporate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of methanol as the test solution. Take an appropriate amount of eupatorin A CRS, add methanol to produce a solution containing 1 mg per ml as the Reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and dichloromethane-methanol (10:0.4) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 5 μl of the test solution and 2 μl of the Reference solution. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol, heat at 105°C to the spots clear. Examine under daylight. The spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatogram obtained with the Reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过13.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过2.5%（通则2302）。
Not more than 2.5 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于9.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the hot maceration method>, using diluted ethanol as the solvent, not less than 9.0 per cent.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-1%醋酸溶液（10︰90）为流动相；检测波长为255nm。理论板数按金丝桃苷峰计算应不低于8000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the filler; acetonitrile-1% acetic acid solution (10:90) as the mobile phase; detection wavelength at 255 nm. The theoretical plate number calculated from the peak of rutin should not be less than 8000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取金丝桃苷对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含50μg的溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of rutin CRS, accurately weigh, add methanol to produce a solution containing 50 μg per ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过三号筛）约1g，精密称定，置圆底烧瓶中，精密加入70%甲醇20ml，称定重量，加热回流1小时，放冷，再称定重量，用70%甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，离心（转速为每分钟3000转）15分钟，精密量取上清液10ml，置蒸发皿中，蒸干，残渣加甲醇适量使溶解，转移至5ml量瓶中，加甲醇至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 1 g of the powder (passed through a No. 3 sieve), accurately weigh, place in a round-bottomed flask, accurately add 20 ml of 70% methanol, weigh, heat under reflux for 1 hour, cool, weigh again, make up the loss in weight with 70% methanol, shake well, centrifuge (at a speed of 3000 r/min) for 15 minutes, accurately measure 10 ml of the supernatant, place in an evaporating dish, evaporate to dryness, dissolve the residue in an appropriate amount of methanol, transfer to a 5 ml volumetric flask, add methanol to the mark, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate.

测定法 Assay method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately draw 10 μl of the reference solution and the test solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品按干燥品计算，含金丝桃苷（C21H20O12）不得少于0.020%。
Calculated with reference to the dried drug, the content of rutin (C21H20O12) should not be less than 0.020%.

饮片 Prepared slices

野马追 Eupatorium Lindleyanum

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，喷淋清水，稍润，切段，干燥。
Eliminate Foreign matter,spray with Water , soften briefly, cut into sections, and dry in the sun.

性状 Description

本品为不规则的短段。茎圆柱形，直径0.2～0.5cm，表面黄绿色或紫褐色，有纵棱，密被灰白色茸毛；质硬，易折断，断面纤维性，髓部白色。叶皱缩，多破碎，表面黄绿色至绿褐色，两面被毛，有腺点。头状花序。气微，叶味苦、涩。
This product is an irregular short segment. Stem cylindrical, 0.2-0.5cm in diameter, surface yellow-green or purple-brown, with longitudinal ribs, densely covered with grey-white velvet; hard, easy to break, section fibrous, pith white. Leaves crumpled, much broken, surface yellowish green to greenish brown, hairy on both sides, with glandular dots. Cephalic inflorescence. Air slightly, leaf taste bitter, astringent.

性 Property

平。
Neutral.

味 Flavor

苦。
Bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肺经。
Lung meridian.

功能 Actions

化痰止咳平喘。
To resolve phlegm, relieve cough, and alleviate asthma.

主治 Indications

用于痰多咳嗽气喘。
For excessive phlegm, cough, and asthma.

用量 Dosage

30～60g。
30-60 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处。
Preserve in a cool and dry place.

野马追

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为菊科植物轮叶泽兰Eupatorium lindleyanum DC.的干燥地上部分。秋季花初开时采割，晒干。
Lindley Eupatorium Herb is the dried aerial part of Eupatorium lindleyanum DC. (Fam. Compositae). The drug is collected at the early stage of flowering in autumn, and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品茎呈圆柱形，长30～90cm，直径0.2～0.5cm；表面黄绿色或紫褐色，有纵棱，密被灰白色茸毛；质硬，易折断，断面纤维性，髓部白色。叶对生，无柄；叶片多皱缩，展平后叶片3全裂，似轮生，裂片条状披针形，中间裂片较长；先端钝圆，边缘具疏锯齿，上表面绿褐色，下表面黄绿色，两面被毛，有腺点。头状花序顶生。气微，叶味苦、涩。
Stems cylindrical, 30-90 cm long, 0.2-0.5 cm in diameter; externally yellowish-green or purplish-brown, with longitudinal ridges, densely covered with greyish-white pubescences; texture hard, easily broken, fracture fibrous, pith white. Leaves opposite, sessile; lamina mostly crum-pled, when whole, 3-lobed, verticillate-like, lobes stripe-lanceolate, middle lobe relatively long; apex obtuse, margin sparsely serrated, upper surface greenish-brown, lower surface yellowish-green, both surfaces covered with hairs and glandular dots. Capitulum terminal. Odour, slight; taste of leaf, bitter and astringent.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末灰绿色或黄绿色。非腺毛由1～10余个细胞组成，胞腔内常含有紫红色分泌物，中部常有一至数个细胞缢缩。腺毛圆球形，直径约60μm，6或8细胞，侧面观排成3或4层，顶面观成对排列。导管多为孔纹导管、梯纹导管及螺纹导管，直径20～40μm。纤维多成束，淡黄色，两端平截。叶下表面细胞垂周壁波状弯曲，气孔不定式。
（2）取本品粉末2g，加甲醇30ml，浸泡过夜，超声处理1小时，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加甲醇5ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取金丝桃苷对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含20μg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液2μl、对照品溶液1μl，分别点于同一聚酰胺薄膜上，以正丁醇-醋酸-水（4：0.1：5）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以3%三氯化铝乙醇溶液，热风吹干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过13.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过2.5%（通则2302）。
Not more than 2.5 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于9.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201, the hot extraction method>, using dilute ethanol as the solvent, not less than 9.0 per cent.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处。
Preserve in a cool and dry place.