海螵蛸

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为乌贼科动物无针乌贼Sepiella maindroni de Rochebrune或金乌贼Sepia esculenta Hoyle的干燥内壳。收集乌贼鱼的骨状内壳，洗净，干燥。
Cuttlefish Bone is the dried internal shell of Sepiella maindroni de Rochebrune or Sepia esculenta Hoyle (Fam. Sepiidae). The internal shell is collected from the cuttlefish, washed, and dried.

性状 Description

无针乌贼 呈扁长椭圆形，中间厚，边缘薄，长9～14cm，宽2.5～3.5cm，厚约1.3cm。背面有磁白色脊状隆起，两侧略显微红色，有不甚明显的细小疣点；腹面白色，自尾端到中部有细密波状横层纹；角质缘半透明，尾部较宽平，无骨针。体轻，质松，易折断，断面粉质，显疏松层纹。气微腥，味微咸。
Cuttlefish Bone is oblong or elliptical, flattened, with a thick middle and thin edges, 9-14 cm long, 2.5-3.5 cm wide, and about 1.3 cm thick. The dorsal surface has white ridge-like elevations, slightly reddish on both sides, with indistinct small tubercles; the ventral surface is white, with fine wavy transverse lines from the tail to the middle; the horny margin is translucent, and the tail is wide and flat, without bone spines. It is light in weight, loose in texture, easily broken, with a powdery fracture showing loose layer lines. It has a slight fishy odor and a slightly salty taste.

金乌贼 长13～23cm，宽约6.5cm。背面疣点明显，略呈层状排列;腹面的细密波状横层纹占全体大部分，中间有纵向浅槽;尾部角质缘渐宽，向腹面翘起，末端有1骨针，多已断落。
Cuttlefish Bone is 13-23 cm long and about 6.5 cm wide. The dorsal surface has distinct tubercles arranged in a layered pattern; the ventral surface is mostly covered with fine wavy transverse lines, with shallow longitudinal grooves in the middle; the horny margin of the tail gradually widens, curls up towards the ventral surface, and has one bone spine at the end, most of which are broken off.

鉴别 Identification

(1)本品粉末类白色。角质层碎块类四边形，表面具横裂纹和细密纵纹交织成的网状纹理，亦可见只有纵纹的碎块。石灰质碎块呈条形、正方形或不规则状，多具细条纹或分枝状蛇形笈道。
(1) The powder of Cuttlefish Bone is white. The fragments of the horny layer are quadrangular, with a surface showing a reticular pattern of transverse cracks and fine longitudinal lines, and fragments with only longitudinal lines can also be seen. The fragments of the calcareous layer are elongated, square, or irregular in shape, mostly with fine stripes or branched serpentiform canals.

(2)取本品粉末，滴加稀盐酸，产生气泡。
(2) Take the powder of Cuttlefish Bone, add a drop of dilute hydrochloric acid, and produce bubbles.

检查 Examination

重金属及有害元素 Heavy metals and harmful elements

照铅、镉、砷、汞、铜测定法(通则2321原子吸收分光光度法或电感耦合等离子体质谱法)测定，铅不得过5mg/kg；镉不得过5mg/kg；砷不得过10mg/kg；汞不得过0.2mg/kg；铜不得过20mg/kg。
Carry out the method for determination of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, and copper <2321> (atomic absorption spectrophotometry or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry). The limit for lead is not more than 5 mg/kg; the limit for cadmium is not more than 5 mg/kg; the limit for arsenic is not more than 10 mg/kg; the limit for mercury is not more than 0.2 mg/kg; the limit for copper is not more than 20 mg/kg.

含量测定 Assay

取本品细粉约0.12g，精密称定，置锥形瓶中，加稀盐酸10ml，沸水浴加热使溶解，加水20ml与甲基红指示液1滴，滴加10%氢氧化钾溶液至溶液显黄色，再继续多加10ml，加钙黄绿素指示剂少量，用乙二胺四醋酸二钠滴定液(0.05mol/L)滴定，至溶液的黄绿色荧光消失，并显橙色。每1ml乙二胺四醋酸二钠滴定液(0.05mol/L)相当于5.004mg碳酸钙(CaCO3)。
Take about 0.12 g of the powder, accurately weigh, place it in a conical flask, add 10 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid, heat on a boiling water bath to dissolve, add 20 ml of water and 1 drop of methyl red indicator, and titrate with 10% potassium hydroxide solution until the solution turns yellow. Continue to add 10 ml, add a small amount of calcium green indicator, and titrate with 0.05 mol/L ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium titration solution until the yellow-green fluorescence of the solution disappears and turns orange. Each 1 ml of 0.05 mol/L ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium titration solution is equivalent to 5.004 mg of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).

本品含碳酸钙(CaCO3) 不得少于86.0%。
The content of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in Cuttlefish Bone should not be less than 86.0%.

饮片 Prepared slices

海螵蛸 Cuttlefish Bone

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，洗净，干燥，砸成小块。
Eliminate foreign matter, wash, dry, and crush into small pieces.

鉴别 ｜ Identification

本品为不规则形或类方形小块，类白色或微黄色，气微腥，味微咸。
Irregular or subsquare small pieces, whitish or slightly yellowish. Odour, slightly stinking; taste, slightly salty.

检查 Examination

同药材。
As required for the crude drug.

含量测定 Assay

同药材。
As required for the crude drug.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

咸、涩。
Salty and astringent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归脾、肾经。
Spleen and kidney meridians.

功能 Actions

收敛止血，涩精止带，制酸止痛，收湿敛疮。
To astringe and stop bleeding, astringe essence and stop abnormal discharge, inhibit acid and relieve pain, and astringe dampness and heal sores.

主治 Indications

用于吐血衄血，崩漏便血，遗精滑精，赤白带下，胃痛吞酸；外治损伤出血，湿疹湿疮，溃疡不敛。
Used for vomiting blood, nosebleed, excessive uterine bleeding, spermatorrhea, leukorrhea, stomachache with acid regurgitation; externally used for bleeding wounds, eczema, wet sores, and non-healing ulcers.

用量 Dosage

5～10g。
5-10g.

用法 Administration

外用适量，研末敷患处。
For external use, apply an appropriate amount of powdered Cuttlefish Bone to the affected area.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处。
Store in a dry place.

海螵蛸

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为乌贼科动物无针乌贼Sepiella maindroni de Rochebrune或金乌贼Sepia seculenta Hoyle的干燥内壳。收集乌贼鱼的骨状内壳，洗净，干燥。
Cuttlebone is the dried internal shell of Sepiella maindroni de Rochebrune or Sepia esculenta Hoyle (Fam. Sepiidae). The drug is collected, washed clean, and dried.

性状 Description

无针乌贼 呈扁长椭圆形，中间厚，边缘薄，长9～14cm，宽2.5～3.5cm，厚约1.3cm。背面有磁白色脊状隆起，两侧略显微红色，有不甚明显的细小疣点；腹面白色，自尾端到中部有细密波状横层纹；角质缘半透明，尾部较宽平，无骨针。体轻，质松，易折断，断面粉质，显疏松层纹。气微腥，味微咸。
Internal shell of Sepiella maindroni Flattened oblong, thick in the central part and thin at the edge, 9-14 cm long, 2.5-3.5 cm wide, and about 1.3 cm thick. The dorsal surface bearing a porcelain white ridge-like protuberance, both sides somewhat reddish, with indistinct minute tubercles. The ventral surface white, with fine and dense undulate transverse striations from the caudal end to the middle portion. Horny margin translucent; the caudal portion relatively wide and even, without a bony spine. Texture light and lax, easily broken. Fracture powdery, showing loose striations. Odour, slightly stinking; taste, slightly salty.

金乌贼 长13～23cm，宽约6.5cm。背面疣点明显，略呈层状排列；腹面的细密波状横层纹占全体大部分，中间有纵向浅槽；尾部角质缘渐宽，向腹面翘起，末端有1骨针，多已断落。
Internal shell of Sepia esculenta 13-23 cm long, up to about 6.5 cm wide. The dorsal surface with distinct tubercles, somewhat laminated arranged. The ventral surface mostly covered by the fine and dense undulate transverse striations, and a longitudinal shallow groove in the middle. The horny margin of the caudal portion gradually widens and curves ventrally, with a bony spine at the end of the caudal portion, usually broken and fallen off.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末类白色。角质层碎块类四边形，表面具横裂纹和细密纵纹交织成的网状纹理，亦可见只有纵纹的碎块。石灰质碎块呈条形、正方形或不规则状，多具细条纹或分枝状蛇形笈道。
（2）取本品粉末，滴加稀盐酸，产生气泡。

检查 Examination

重金属及有害元素 Heavy metals and harmful elements

照铅、镉、砷、汞、铜测定法（通则2321原子吸收分光光度法或电感耦合等离子体质谱法）测定，铅不得过5mg/kg；镉不得过5mg/kg；砷不得过10mg/kg；汞不得过0.2mg/kg；铜不得过20mg/kg。
Carry out the method for determination of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, and copper <2321, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry>, not more than 5 mg/kg of lead, 5 mg/kg of cadmium, 10 mg/kg of arsenic, 0.2 mg/kg of mercury, and 20 mg/kg of copper.

含量测定 Assay

取本品细粉约0.12g，精密称定，置锥形瓶中，加稀盐酸10ml，沸水浴加热使溶解，加水20ml与甲基红指示液1滴，滴加10%氢氧化钾溶液至溶液显黄色，再继续多加10ml，加钙黄绿素指示剂少量，用乙二胺四醋酸二钠滴定液（0.05mol/L）滴定，至溶液的黄绿色荧光消失，并显橙色。每1ml乙二胺四醋酸二钠滴定液（0.05mol/L）相当于5.004mg碳酸钙（CaCO3）。
本品含碳酸钙（CaCO3）不得少于86.0%。

饮片 Prepared slices

海螵蛸 Cuttlebone

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，洗净，干燥，砸成小块。
Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, dry, break into small pieces.

本品为不规则形或类方形小块，类白色或微黄色，气微腥，味微咸。
Irregular or subsquare small pieces, whitish or slightly yellowish. Odour, slightly stinking; taste, slightly salty.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

咸、涩。
Salty and astringent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归脾、肾经。
Spleen and kidney meridians.

功能 Actions

收敛止血，涩精止带，制酸止痛，收湿敛疮。
To stop bleeding, astringe essence, relieve abnormal vaginal discharge, inhibit acidity, relieve pain, drain dampness, and promote wound healing.

主治 Indications

用于吐血衄血，崩漏便血，遗精滑精，赤白带下，胃痛吞酸；外治损伤出血，湿疹湿疮，溃疡不敛。
Hematemesis, epistaxis, menstrual flooding and spotting, bloody stool, seminal emission, spermatorrhea, red or white vaginal discharge, and stomachache with acid reflux. Topical application: Bleeding caused by trauma, eczema, dampness sore, and unhealed ulcer.

用量 Dosage

5～10g。外用适量，研末敷患处。
5-10 g. Appropriate amount for topical application after grinding it into powder.

用法 Administration

后下。
Add when the decoction is nearly done.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处。
Preserve in a dry place.