臭灵丹草

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: *Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) *

概述 Overview

本品为菊科植物翼齿六棱菊Laggera pterodonta (DC.) Benth.的干燥地上部分。秋季茎叶茂盛时采割，干燥。
Laggera Herb is the dried aerial part of Laggera pterodonta (DC.) Benth. (Fam. Compositae). The drug is collected in autumn when the stems and leaves are luxuriant, removed from older stem, and dried.

性状 Description

本品长50～150 cm，全体密被淡黄色腺毛和柔毛。茎圆柱形，具4～6纵翅，翅缘锯齿状，易折断。叶互生，有短柄；叶片椭圆形，暗绿色，先端短尖或渐尖，基部楔形，下延成翅，边缘有锯齿。头状花序着生于枝端。气特异，味苦。
The herb is 50-150 cm long, covered with pale yellow glandular hairs and pubescence. Stems cylindrical, with 4-6 longitudinal wings, wing margin serrate, easily broken. Leaves alternate, with short petiole; blade elliptical, dark green, apex shortly acute or gradually acute, base cuneate, lower part extended into wings, margin serrate. Capitula borne on the apices of branches. Odour, characteristically aromatic; taste, bitter.

鉴别 Identification

取本品粉末3 g，加甲醇50 ml，加热回流30分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加甲醇2 ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取洋艾素对照品，加甲醇制成每1 ml含1 mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各5 μl，分别点于同一硅胶GF254薄层板上，以二氯甲烷-甲酸乙酯-丙酮（6∶0.5∶0.3）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（254 nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
To 3 g of the powder add 50 ml of methanol, heat under reflux for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 2 ml of methanol as the test solution. Dissolve artemisinin CRS in methanol to produce a solution containing 1 mg per ml as the Reference solution . Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using silica gel GF254 as the coating substance and a mixture of dichloromethane-formic acid-ethyl acetate-acetone (6: 0.5: 0.3) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 5 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Examine under ultraviolet light at 254 nm. The spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the Reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 4>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过12.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过2.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 2.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照水溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，不得少于12.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of water-soluble Extractives <2201 ,the hot maceration method>, not less than 12.0 per cent.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-2%甲酸溶液（35∶65）为流动相；检测波长为350 nm。理论板数按洋艾素峰计算应不低于4000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the filler; acetonitrile-2% formic acid solution (35:65) as the mobile phase; detection wavelength at 350 nm. The theoretical plate number calculated from the peak of artemisinin should not be less than 4000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取洋艾素对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1 ml含35 μg的溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of artemisinin reference substance, accurately weigh, dissolve in methanol to produce a solution containing 35 μg per ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过三号筛）约1.5 g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇50 ml，密塞，称定重量，加热回流1小时，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 1.5 g of the powder (passed through a No. 3 sieve) of the test substance, accurately weigh, place in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 50 ml of methanol, stopper tightly, weigh, heat under reflux for 1 hour, cool, weigh again, make up the loss in weight with methanol, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate.

测定法 Assay method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10 μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately draw 10 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品按干燥品计算，含洋艾素（C20H20O8）不得少于0.10%。
Calculated on the dried basis, the content of artemisinin (C20H20O8) should not be less than 0.10%.

性 ｜ Property

寒。
Cold.

味 ｜ Flavor

辛、苦。
Pungent and bitter.

归经 ｜ Meridian tropism

肺。
Lung meridian.

功能 Actions

清热解毒，止咳祛痰。
To clear heat and detoxify, stop cough and resolve phlegm.

主治 ｜ Indications

用于风热感冒，咽喉肿痛，肺热咳嗽。
Used for wind-heat common cold, sore throat, and cough due to lung heat.

用量 Dosage

9～15 g。
9-15 g.

用法 ｜ Administration

无。
None.

注意 Precautions

有毒。
Toxic.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处。
Preserve in a cool and dry place.

臭灵丹草

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为菊科植物翼齿六棱菊Laggera pterodonta（DC.）Benth.的干燥地上部分。秋季茎叶茂盛时采割，干燥。
Wingedtooth Laggera Leaf is the dried aerial part of Laggera pterodonta (DC.) Benth. (Fam. Compositae). The drug is collected in autumn when foliage branch growing luxuriantly, and dried.

性状 Description

本品长50～150cm，全体密被淡黄色腺毛和柔毛。茎圆柱形，具4～6纵翅，翅缘锯齿状，易折断。叶互生，有短柄；叶片椭圆形，暗绿色，先端短尖或渐尖，基部楔形，下延成翅，边缘有锯齿。头状花序着生于枝端。气特异，味苦。
50-150 cm long, densely covered with pale yellow glandular hairs and pubescences. Stems cylindrical with 4-6 longitudinal wings, margin serrate, easily broken. Leaves alternate, short petioled; lamina ellipsoid, dark green, apex short-acute or acuminate, base cuneate downwards to wings, margin serrate. Capitulum occurring on the top of branch. Odour, characteristic; taste, bitter.

鉴别 Identification

取本品粉末3g，加甲醇50ml，加热回流30分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加甲醇2ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取洋艾素对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含1mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各5μl，分别点于同一硅胶GF254薄层板上，以二氯甲烷-甲酸乙酯-丙酮（6：0.5：0.3）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（254nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
To 3 g of the powder add 50 ml of methanol, heat under reflux for 30 minutes, and filter. Evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 2 ml of methanol as the test solution. Dissolve achillin CRS in methanol to produce a solution containing 1 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel GF254 as the coating substance and a mixture of dichloromethane, ethyl formate and acetone (6: 0.5: 0.3) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 5 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air, and examine under ultraviolet light at 254 nm. The fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 4>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过12.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过2.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 2.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照水溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，不得少于12.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of water-soluble extractives <2201, the hot extraction method>, not less than 12.0 per cent.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic system and system suitability

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-2%甲酸溶液（35：65）为流动相；检测波长为350nm。理论板数按洋艾素峰计算应不低于4000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase and a mixture of acetonitrile and 2% formic acid (35:65) as the mobile phase. As detector, a spectrophotometer set at 350 nm. The number of theoretical plates of the column is not less than 4000, calculated with reference to the peak of achillin.

对照品溶液的制备 Reference solution

取洋艾素对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含35μg的溶液，即得。
Dissolve a quantity of achillin CRS, accurately weighed, in methanol to produce a solution containing 35 μg per ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Test solution

取本品粉末（过三号筛）约1.5g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇50ml，密塞，称定重量，加热回流1小时，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Weigh accurately 1.5 g of the powder (through No. 3 sieve) to a stoppered conical flask. Add accurately 50 ml of methanol, stopper well, weigh, and heat under reflux for 1 hour, cool, weigh again, compensate the loss of the weight with methanol, mix well, filter, and use the successive filtrate as the test solution.

测定法 Procedure

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Inject accurately 10 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution, respectively, into the column, and calculate the content.

本品按干燥品计算，含洋艾素（C20H20O8）不得少于0.10%。
It contains not less than 0.10 per cent of achillin (C20H20O8), calculated with reference to the dried drug.

性 Property

辛、苦，寒；有毒。
Pungent, bitter; cold; toxic.

味 Flavor

苦、辛。
Bitter, pungent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肺经。
Lung meridian.

功能 Actions

清热解毒，止咳祛痰。
To clear heat, remove toxin, suppress cough, and dispel phlegm.

主治 Indications

用于风热感冒，咽喉肿痛，肺热咳嗽。
Common cold caused by wind-heat, swollen sore throat, and cough caused by lung-heat.

用量 Dosage

9～15g。
9-15 g.

用法 Administration

无特殊要求。
No special requirements.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处。
Preserve in a cool and dry place.