禹余粮

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为氢氧化物类矿物褐铁矿，主含碱式氧化铁〔FeO（OH）〕。采挖后，除去杂石。
Limonite is the hydroxide mineral of iron, mainly containing basic iron oxide [FeO(OH)]. After mining, remove impurities.

性状 Description

本品为块状集合体，呈不规则的斜方块状，长5～10cm，厚1～3cm。表面红棕色、灰棕色或浅棕色，多凹凸不平或附有黄色粉末。断面多显深棕色与淡棕色或浅黄色相间的层纹，各层硬度不同，质松部分指甲可划动。体重，质硬。气微，味淡，嚼之无砂粒感。
Limonite is a block-like aggregate, irregularly shaped, 5-10cm long and 1-3cm thick. The surface is reddish-brown, grayish-brown, or light brown, often uneven or covered with yellow powder. The fracture surface shows alternating layers of dark brown and light brown or light yellow, with different hardness in each layer. Some parts are loose and can be scratched with fingernails. Heavy and hard in texture. Slight odor, mild taste, no sandy feeling when chewed.

鉴别 Identification

取本品粉末0.1g，加盐酸2ml，振摇，滤过，滤液显铁盐（通则0301）的鉴别反应。
Take 0.1g of the powder, add 2ml of hydrochloric acid, shake, filter, and the filtrate shows the identification reaction of ferric salt <0301>.

饮片 Prepared slices

禹余粮 Limonite

炮制 Processing

除去杂石，洗净泥土，干燥，即得。
Remove impurities, wash off the soil, dry, and obtain.

煅禹余粮 Calcined Limonite

炮制 Processing

取净禹余粮，砸成碎块，照煅淬法（通则0213）煅至红透。
Take clean limonite, crush it into pieces, calcine it according to the method of calcination and quenching <0213> until it turns red.

每100kg禹余粮，用醋30kg。
For every 100kg of limonite, use 30kg of vinegar.

性状 Description

本品为不规则碎块或粉末。块状者表面黄棕色、红棕色至黑褐色，粗糙，无光泽。断面红褐色、棕褐色至黑褐色，凹凸不平，体重，质脆。粉末状者呈黄棕色至棕褐色。气微，味淡。
This product is an irregular fragment or powder. The lumpy ones are yellowish-brown, reddish-brown to black-brown in color, rough and dull. The section is reddish-brown, tan to black-brown, uneven, weighty, and brittle. The powdered ones are yellowish-brown to tan. The breath is slight and the taste is light.

性 Property

微寒。
Slightly cold.

味 Flavor

甘、涩。
Sweet and astringent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归胃、大肠经。
Stomach and large intestine meridians.

功能 Actions

涩肠止泻，收敛止血。
Astringe the intestines to stop diarrhea, and contract to stop bleeding.

主治 Indications

用于久泻久痢，大便出血，崩漏带下。
Used for chronic diarrhea, chronic dysentery, bloody stools, and excessive uterine bleeding.

用量 Dosage

9～15g。
9-15g.

用法 Administration

先煎；或入丸散。
Decoct first; or take in pill or powder form.

注意 Precautions

孕妇慎用。
Caution for pregnant women.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处。
Store in a dry place.

禹余粮

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为氢氧化物类矿物褐铁矿，主含碱式氧化铁[FeO（OH）]。采挖后，除去杂石。
Limonite is a mineral of limonite of hydroxides, containing mainly basic ferric oxide [FeO(OH)]. The drug is collected and removed from foreign matter.

性状 Description

本品为块状集合体，呈不规则的斜方块状，长5～10cm，厚1～3cm。表面红棕色、灰棕色或浅棕色，多凹凸不平或附有黄色粉末。断面多显深棕色与淡棕色或浅黄色相间的层纹，各层硬度不同，质松部分指甲可划动。体重，质硬。气微，味淡，嚼之无砂粒感。
Aggregates of masses, irregularly rhombic. 5-10 cm long, 1-3 cm thick. Externally reddish-brown, greyish-brown or pale brown, often uneven or with yellow powder attached. Fracture mostly showing layered striations alternated with dark brown and pale brown or pale yellow, the layers varying in hardness, the soft part can be cut with nail. Texture hard and heavy. Odour, slight; tasteless, no sandy feeling on chewing.

鉴别 Identification

取本品粉末0.1g，加盐酸2ml，振摇，滤过，滤液显铁盐（通则0301）的鉴别反应。
To 0.1 g of the powder add 2 ml of hydrochloric acid, shake, filter, the filtrate yields the reactions characteristic for ferric and ferrous salts<0301>.

饮片 Prepared slices

禹余粮 Limonite

炮制 Processing

禹余粮 除去杂石，洗净泥土，干燥，即得。
Limonite: Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, and dry.

煅禹余粮 Limonite (calcined)

取净禹余粮，砸成碎块，照煅淬法（通则0213）煅至红透。
Calcine the clean pieces of Limonite as described under the method for calcining and quenching<0213> to red thoroughly.

每100kg禹余粮，用醋30kg。
Using 30 kg of vinegar per 100 kg of Limonite.

性 Property

微寒。
Mild cold.

味 Flavor

甘、涩。
Sweet, astringent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归胃、大肠经。
Stomach and large intestine meridians.

功能 Actions

涩肠止泻，收敛止血。
To astringe the intestines, stop diarrhea, and stanch bleeding.

主治 Indications

用于久泻久痢，大便出血，崩漏带下。
Chronic diarrhea, chronic dysentery, bloody stool, menstrual flooding and spotting, and vaginal discharge.

用量 Dosage

9～15g，先煎；或入丸散。
9-15 g. It should be decocted first; or used in pills or powder.

注意 Precautions and Warnings

孕妇慎用。
Used with caution during pregnancy.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处。
Preserve in a dry place.