南五味子

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为木兰科植物华中五味子Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.etWils.的干燥成熟果实。秋季果实成熟时采摘，晒干，除去果梗和杂质。
Schisandra Fruit is the dried ripe fruit of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et Wils. (Fam. Magnoliaceae). The fruit is collected in autumn when ripe, dried in the sun, and the stalks and impurities are removed.

性状 Description

本品呈球形或扁球形，直径4～6mm。表面棕红色至暗棕色，干瘪，皱缩，果肉常紧贴于种子上。种子1～2，肾形，表面棕黄色，有光泽，种皮薄而脆。果肉气微，味微酸。
Fruits spherical or broadly ovoid, 4-6 mm in diameter; externally reddish-brown to dark brown,shriveled and wrinkled, pericarp closely adhering to seed; seeds 1 or 2, reniform, brownish-yellow, shiny, testa thin and brittle; endosperm slightly aromatic; taste, slightly sour.

鉴别 Identification

取本品粉末1g，加环己烷10ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加甲醇2ml使溶解，离心，取上清液蒸干，残渣加环己烷1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取南五味子对照药材1g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取安五脂素对照品，加环己烷制成每1ml含2mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取三种溶液各2μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以三氯甲烷-丙酮（60∶1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以磷钼酸试液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同的深蓝色斑点。
To 1g of the powder add 10 ml of n-hexane, treat under ultrasound for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 2 ml of methanol, centrifuge, evaporate the supernatant to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of n-hexane as the test solution. Take 1g of the reference drug of Schisandra Fruit, prepare the reference drug solution in the same manner. Take Schisandrin A CRS, dissolve in n-hexane to produce a solution containing 2 mg per ml as the Reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of chloroform and acetone (60:1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 2 μl of each of the above three solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a solution of molybdophosphoric acid, heat at 105°C to the spots clear. The deep blue spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spots in the chromatograms obtained with the reference drug and the Reference solution.

检查 Examination

杂质 Foreign matter

不得过1%（通则2301）。
Not more than 1.0 per cent <2301>.

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832,method 4>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过6.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 6.0 per cent <2302>.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以四氢呋喃-水（38∶62）为流动相；检测波长为254nm。理论板数按五味子酯甲峰计算应不低于3000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase; use tetrahydrofuran-water (38:62) as the mobile phase; detection wavelength, 254 nm. The theoretical plate number for Schisandrin A peak should not be less than 3000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取五味子酯甲对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含40μg的溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of Schisandrin A CRS, accurately weigh, dissolve in methanol to produce a solution containing 40 μg per ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过三号筛）约0.5g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇50ml，称定重量，超声处理（功率250W，频率40kHz）30分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 0.5 g of the powder (passed through a No. 3 sieve), accurately weigh, place in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 50 ml of methanol, weigh, treat under ultrasound (power 250 W, frequency 40 kHz) for 30 minutes, cool, weigh again, make up the loss in weight with methanol, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate.

测定法 Assay method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各20μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately draw 20 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品按干燥品计算，含五味子酯甲（C30H32O9）不得少于0.20%。
Calculated on the dried basis, the content of Schisandrin A (C30H32O9) should not be less than 0.20%.

饮片 Prepared slices

南五味子 Schisandra Fruit

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，用时捣碎。
Eliminate foreign matter, and crush before use.

性状 Description

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

总灰分 Total ash

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

含量测定 Assay

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

醋南五味子 Vinegar-processed Schisandra Fruit

炮制 Processing

取净南五味子，照醋蒸法（通则0213）蒸至黑色。用时捣碎。
Take clean Schisandra Fruit, process according to the vinegar steaming method<0213> until black, and crush before use.

性状 Description

本品形如南五味子，表面棕黑色，油润，稍有光泽。微有醋香气。
Resemble Schisandra Fruit; externally blackish-brown, oily, slightly lustrous; with a slight vinegar odor.

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

总灰分 Total ash

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

含量测定 Assay

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

酸、甘。
Sour and sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肺、心、肾经。
Lung, heart, and kidney meridians.

功能 Actions

收敛固涩，益气生津，补肾宁心。
Astringe and consolidate, tonify qi and generate fluids, nourish the kidney and calm the mind.

主治 Indications

用于久嗽虚喘，梦遗滑精，遗尿尿频，久泻不止，自汗盗汗，津伤口渴，内热消渴，心悸失眠。
Used for chronic cough and wheezing, nocturnal emission and spermatorrhea, enuresis and frequent urination, chronic diarrhea, spontaneous sweating and night sweating, thirst due to fluid injury, internal heat and polydipsia, palpitations and insomnia.

用量 Dosage

2～6g。
2-6 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处，防霉。
Preserve in a well-ventilated and dry place, and protect from mold.

南五味子

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为木兰科植物华中五味子 Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et Wils. 的干燥成熟果实。秋季果实成熟时采摘，晒干，除去果梗和杂质。
Southern Magnoliavine Fruit is the dried ripe fruit of Schisandra Sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. The drug is collected in autumn when ripe, dried in the sun, removed from stalk and foreign matter.

性状 Description

本品呈球形或扁球形，直径4～6mm。表面棕红色至暗棕色，干瘪，皱缩，果肉常紧贴于种子上。种子1～2，肾形，表面棕黄色，有光泽，种皮薄而脆。果肉气微，味微酸。
Spheroidal or compressed-spheroidal, 4-6 mm in diameter. Externally brownish-red to dark brown, shrunken and shrivelled, pulp usually adhered to seeds closely. Seeds 1-2, kidney-shaped, externally brownish- yellow, lustrous, testa thin and fragile. Odour of pulp, slight; taste, slightly sour.

鉴别 Identification

取本品粉末1g，加环己烷10ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加甲醇2ml使溶解，离心，取上清液蒸干，残渣加环己烷1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取南五味子对照药材1g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取安五脂素对照品，加环己烷制成每1ml含2mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取三种溶液各2μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以三氯甲烷-丙酮（60：1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以磷钼酸试液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同的深蓝色斑点。
To 1 g of the powder, add 10 ml of cyclohexane, ultrasonicate for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness. Dissolve the residue in 2 ml of methanol, centrifuge, evaporate the supernatant to dryness, and dissolve the residue in 1 ml of cyclohexane as the test solution. Prepare a solution of 1 g of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus reference drug in the same manner as the reference drug solution. Dissolve anwuligan CRS in cyclohexane to produce a solution containing 2 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of chloroform and acetone (60 : 1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately 10 μl of each of the above three solutions to the plate. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with phosphomolybdic acid TS, heat at 110℃ to the spots clear, the dark blue spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug solution； the dark blue spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.

检查 Examination

杂质 Foreign matter

不得过1%（通则2301）。
Not more than 1 per cent <2301>.

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 12. 0 per cent <0832, method 4>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过6.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 6. 0 per cent <2302>.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验
以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以四氢呋喃-水（38：62）为流动相；检测波长为254nm。理论板数按五味子酯甲峰计算应不低于3000。

对照品溶液的制备
取五味子酯甲对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含40μg的溶液，即得。

供试品溶液的制备
取本品粉末（过三号筛）约0.5g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇50ml，称定重量，超声处理（功率250W，频率40kHz）30分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。

测定法 分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各20μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Procedure Inject accurately 20 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution into the column, and calculate the content.

本品按干燥品计算，含五味子酯甲（C30H32O9）不得少于0.20%。
It contains not less than 0. 20 per cent of schisantherin A (C30H32O9), calculated with reference to the dried drug.

饮片 Prepared slices

南五味子 Southern Magnoliavine Fruit

炮制 Processing

除去杂质。用时捣碎。
Eliminate foreign matter. Break into pieces before use.

性状 Description

【鉴别】 【检查】（水分总灰分） 【含量测定】 同药材。
Description and Identification As required for the crude drug.

醋南五味子 Southern Magnoliavine Fruit processed with vinegar

取净南五味子，照醋蒸法（通则0213）蒸至黑色。用时捣碎。
Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus ( processed with vinegar) Steam the clean Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus as described under the method for steaming with vinegar <0213> until the drug becomes black in colour. Break into pieces before use.

本品形如南五味子，表面棕黑色，油润，稍有光泽。微有醋香气。
Similar to schisandrae Chinese Fructus in shape. Externally black, oily, somewhat lustrous. Odour, vinegar-aromatic.

【鉴别】 【检查】（水分总灰分） 【含量测定】 同药材。
Identification As required for the crude drug

性味与归经 Property and Flavor

酸、甘，温。归肺、心、肾经。
Warm； sour and sweet. Lung, heart and kidney meridians.

功能与主治 Actions

收敛固涩，益气生津，补肾宁心。用于久嗽虚喘，梦遗滑精，遗尿尿频，久泻不止，自汗盗汗，津伤口渴，内热消渴，心悸失眠。
To astringe and secure, tonify qi, engender fluid, tonify the kidney and calm the heart. Chronic cough, dyspnea of deficiency type, dream emission, spermatorrhea, enuresis, frequent urination, chronic diarrhea, spontaneous sweating, night sweating, thirst caused by fluid consumption, interior heat wasting-thirst, palpitations and insomnia.

用法与用置 Administration and dosage

2～6g。
2-6 g.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处，防霉。
Preserve in a ventilated and dry place, and protect from mould.