荔枝核

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为无患子科植物荔枝Litchi chinensis Sonn.的干燥成熟种子。夏季采摘成熟果实，除去果皮和肉质假种皮，洗净，晒干。
Litchi Seed is the dried mature seed of Litchi chinensis Sonn. (Fam. Sapindaceae). The drug is collected in summer when the fruit is ripe, removed from the pericarp and the false aril, washed clean, and dried.

性状 Description

本品呈长圆形或卵圆形，略扁，长1.5～2.2cm，直径1～1.5cm。表面棕红色或紫棕色，平滑，有光泽，略有凹陷及细波纹，一端有类圆形黄棕色的种脐，直径约7mm。质硬。子叶2，棕黄色。气微，味微甘、苦、涩。
Seeds are long oval or ovoid, slightly flattened, measuring 1.5-2.2 cm long and 1-1.5 cm in diameter. The surface is reddish-brown or purplish-brown, smooth, glossy, slightly concave with fine wrinkles, and has a circular yellow-brown hilum at one end, with a diameter of about 7 mm. The texture is hard. The cotyledons are 2, brownish-yellow. The odor is slight, and the taste is slightly sweet, bitter, and astringent.

鉴别 Identification

本品粉末棕黄色。镶嵌层细胞黄棕色，呈长条形，由数个细胞为一组，作不规则方向嵌列。星状细胞淡棕色，呈不规则星状分枝，分枝先端平截或稍钝圆，细胞间隙大，壁薄。石细胞成群或单个散在，呈类圆形、类方形、类多角形、长方形或长圆形，多有突起或分枝。子叶细胞呈类圆形或类圆多角形，充满淀粉粒，并可见棕色油细胞。
The powder is brownish-yellow. The cells of the endosperm are yellowish-brown, elongated, arranged irregularly in groups of several cells, and embedded in an irregular direction. The star-shaped cells are light brown, irregularly branched in a star shape, with the tips of the branches flat or slightly blunt round, large intercellular spaces, and thin walls. The stone cells are grouped or scattered individually, appearing as circular, square, polygonal, rectangular, or elongated shapes, often with protrusions or branches. The cells of the cotyledon are round or polygonal, filled with starch grains, and brown oil cells can be seen.

饮片 Prepared slices

荔枝核 Litchi Seed

炮制 Processing

用时捣碎。
Crush before use.

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

盐荔枝核 Salted Litchi Seed

炮制 Processing

取净荔枝核，捣碎，照盐水炙法（通则0213）炒干。
Take clean Litchi Seed, crush, and fry with salt water according to the method of stir-frying <0213> until dry.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

甘、微苦。
Sweet and slightly bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝、肾经。
Liver and kidney meridians.

功能 Actions

行气散结，祛寒止痛。
To promote the flow of qi, disperse stagnation, expel cold, and alleviate pain.

主治 Indications

用于寒疝腹痛，睾丸肿痛。
Used for cold hernia abdominal pain and testicular swelling and pain.

用量 Dosage

5～10g.
5-10 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处，防蛀。
Store in a dry place, protected from moth.

荔枝核

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为无患子科植物荔枝 Litchi chinensis Sonn. 的干燥成熟种子。夏季采摘成熟果实，除去果皮和肉质假种皮，洗净，晒干。
Lychee Seed is the dried ripe seed of Litchi chinensis Sonn. (Fam. Sapindaceae). The fruit is collected in summer when ripe, and the seed is removed from pericarp and fleshy aril, washed clean, and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品呈长圆形或卵圆形，略扁，长1.5～2.2cm，直径1～1.5cm。表面棕红色或紫棕色，平滑，有光泽，略有凹陷及细波纹，一端有类圆形黄棕色的种脐，直径约7mm。质硬。子叶2，棕黄色。气微，味微甘、苦、涩。
Prolate-rounded or ovoid, slightly flattened, 1.5-2.2 cm long, 1-1.5 cm in diameter. Externally brownish red or purplish-brown, smooth, lustrous, with slightly dents and fine wrinkles, bearing a subrounded. yellowish-brown raphe at one end, about 7 mm in diameter. Texture hard, cotyledons 2, brownish-yellow, Odour, slight; taste, slightly sweet, bitter and astringent.

鉴别 Identification

本品粉末棕黄色。镶嵌层细胞黄棕色，呈长条形，由数个细胞为一组，作不规则方向嵌列。星状细胞淡棕色，呈不规则星状分枝，分枝先端平截或稍钝圆，细胞间隙大，壁薄。石细胞成群或单个散在，呈类圆形、类方形、类多角形、长方形或长圆形，多有突起或分枝。子叶细胞呈类圆形或类圆多角形，充满淀粉粒，并可见棕色油细胞。
Powder: brownish-yellow. Parquetry layer cells yellowish-brown, stripe shaped, with several cells forming a group, in irregular parquet. Stellate cells brownish, presenting irregular stellate branches, truncate or relatively obtuse rounded at the apex of branch. intercellular space wide, walls thin. Stone cells occuring in groups or scattering in singles, subrounded, subsquare, subpolyangular, rectangle or oval, most protruding or branched. Cotyledon cells subrounded or subpolyangular, filled with starch granules, brown oil cells visible.

饮片 Prepared slices

荔枝核 Lychee Seed

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，喷淋清水，稍润，切段，干燥。
Eliminate foreign matter, spray with water, soften briefly, cut into sections, and dry.

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
As required for the crude drug.

盐荔枝核 Lychee Seed (processed with salt)

取净荔枝核，捣碎，照盐水炙法（通则0213）炒干。
Stir-bake the clean Lychee Seed as described under the method for processing with salt water <0213> to dry.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

甘、微苦、涩。
Sweet and mild bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝、肾经。
Liver and kidney meridians.

功能 Actions

行气散结，祛寒止痛。
To move qi, dissipate bind, dispel cold, and relieve pain.

主治 Indications

用于寒疝腹痛，睾丸肿痛。
Abdominal pain caused by cold abdominal colic and testis swelling and pain.

用量 Dosage

5～10g。
5-10 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处，防蛀。
Preserve in a dry place, and protect from moth.