金银花

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为忍冬科植物忍冬Lonicera japonica Thunb.的干燥花蕾或带初开的花。夏初花开放前采收，干燥。
Honeysuckle Flower is the dried flower bud or the flower with the initial opening of Lonicera japonica Thunb. (Fam. Caprifoliaceae). The drug is collected in early summer before the flowers open and dried.

性状 Description

本品呈棒状，上粗下细，略弯曲，长2～3cm，上部直径约3mm，下部直径约1.5mm。表面黄白色或绿白色（贮久色渐深），密被短柔毛。偶见叶状苞片。花萼绿色，先端5裂，裂片有毛，长约2mm。开放者花冠筒状，先端二唇形；雄蕊5，附于筒壁，黄色；雌蕊1，子房无毛。气清香，味淡、微苦。
Flower buds are cylindrical, upper part thick and lower part thin, slightly curved, 2-3 cm long, upper part about 3 mm in diameter, lower part about 1.5 mm in diameter; surface yellowish-white or greenish-white (becoming darker on storage), densely covered with short, soft hairs; occasionally with leaf-like bracts. Calyx green, 5-lobed at apex, lobes hairy, about 2 mm long. Corolla tubular, 2-lipped at apex; stamens 5, adnate to corolla tube, yellow; ovary glabrous. Odour, fragrant; taste, mild and slightly bitter.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末浅黄棕色或黄绿色。腺毛较多，头部倒圆锥形、类圆形或略扁圆形，4～33细胞，排成2～4层，直径30～64～108μm，柄部1～5细胞，长可达700μm。非腺毛有两种：一种为厚壁非腺毛，单细胞，长可达900μm，表面有微细疣状或泡状突起，有的具螺纹；另一种为薄壁非腺毛，单细胞，甚长，弯曲或皱缩，表面有微细疣状突起。草酸钙簇晶直径6～45μm。花粉粒类圆形或三角形，表面具细密短刺及细颗粒状雕纹，具3孔沟。
(1) The powder is light yellowish-brown or yellowish-green. There are more glandular hairs, with the head inverted conical, circular or slightly flattened, consisting of 4-33 cells, arranged in 2-4 layers, with a diameter of 30-64-108μm, and the stalk consisting of 1-5 cells, up to 700μm long. There are two types of non-glandular hairs: one is thick-walled non-glandular hairs, single-celled, up to 900μm long, with micro-papillary or vesicular protrusions on the surface, some with spiral patterns; the other is thin-walled non-glandular hairs, single-celled, very long, curved or wrinkled, with micro-papillary protrusions on the surface. The diameter of calcium oxalate cluster crystal is 6-45μm. Pollen grains are round or triangular, with fine short spines and granular sculptures on the surface, and have 3 colpi.

（2）取本品粉末0.2g，加甲醇5ml，放置12小时，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取绿原酸对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含1mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液10～20μl、对照品溶液10μl，分别点于同一硅胶H薄层板上，以乙酸丁酯-甲酸-水（7:2.5:2.5）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
(2) Take 0.2g of the powder, add 5ml of methanol, let it stand for 12 hours, filter, and take the filtrate as the test solution. Take chlorogenic acid reference substance, add methanol to make a solution containing 1mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel H as the coating substance and the upper layer solution of ethyl acetate-butanoic acid-water (7:2.5:2.5) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 10-20μl of the test solution and 10μl of the reference solution. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832, method 4>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过10.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 10.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过3.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 3.0 per cent <2302>.

重金属及有害元素 Heavy metals and harmful elements

照铅、镉、砷、汞、铜测定法（通则2321原子吸收分光光度法或电感耦合等离子体质谱法）测定，铅不得过5mg/kg；镉不得过1mg/kg；砷不得过2mg/kg；汞不得过0.2mg/kg；铜不得过20mg/kg。
Determined by the method of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, and copper (atomic absorption spectrophotometry or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) <2321>. The limit of lead is not more than 5 mg/kg; the limit of cadmium is not more than 1 mg/kg; the limit of arsenic is not more than 2 mg/kg; the limit of mercury is not more than 0.2 mg/kg; the limit of copper is not more than 20 mg/kg.

含量测定 Assay

酚酸类 Phenolic acids

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Determined by high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

木犀草苷 Luteoloside

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Determined by high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

饮片 Prepared slices

金银花 Honeysuckle

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，喷淋清水，稍润，切段，干燥。
Eliminate Foreign matter, spray with Water , soften briefly, cut into sections, and dry in the sun.

性 Property

寒。
Cold.

味 Flavor

甘、寒。
Sweet and cold.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肺、心、胃经。
Lung, heart, and stomach meridians.

功能 Actions and Indications

清热解毒，疏散风热。
To clear heat and detoxify, and disperse wind-heat.

主治 Indications

用于痈肿疔疮，喉痹，丹毒，热毒血痢，风热感冒，温病发热。
Used for carbuncles and sores, sore throat, erysipelas, dysentery due to heat-toxin, wind-heat common cold, and febrile diseases.

用量 Dosage

6～15g。
6-15g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，防潮，防蛀。
Preserve in a cool and dry place, moisture-proof, and mothproof.

金银花

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为忍冬科植物忍冬Lonicera japonica Thunb.的干燥花蕾或带初开的花。夏初花开放前采收，干燥。
Honeysuckle Flower is the dried flower bud or opening flower of Lonicera japonica Thunb. (Fam Capri-foliaceae ). The drug is collected before flowering in early summer, and dried.

性状 Description

本品呈棒状，上粗下细，略弯曲，长2～3cm，上部直径约3mm，下部直径约1.5mm。表面黄白色或绿白色（贮久色渐深），密被短柔毛。偶见叶状苞片。花萼绿色，先端5裂，裂片有毛，长约2mm。开放者花冠筒状，先端二唇形；雄蕊5，附于筒壁，黄色；雌蕊1，子房无毛。气清香，味淡、微苦。
Clavate, stout in upper part and tapered downwards, slightly curved, 2-3 cm long, about 3 mm in diameter in upper part and 1.5 mm in diameter in lower part. Externally yellowish-white or greenish-white, gradually darken on keeping, densely pubescent. Foliaceous bracts occasionally visible. Calyx green, 5-lobed at the apex, lobes pubescent, about 2 mm long. Corolla tubular when open, apex 2-lipped, stamens 5. epipetalous, yellow; pistil 1, ovary glabrous. Odour, delicately aromatic; taste, weak and slightly bitter.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末浅黄棕色或黄绿色。腺毛较多，头部倒圆锥形、类圆形或略扁圆形，4～33细胞，成2～4层，直径30～64～108µm，柄部1～5细胞，长可达700µm。非腺毛有两种：一种为厚壁非腺毛，单细胞，长可达900µm，表面有微细疣状或泡状突起，有的具螺纹；另一种为薄壁非腺毛，单细胞，甚长，弯曲或皱缩，表面有微细疣状突起。草酸钙簇晶直径6～45µm。花粉粒类圆形或三角形，表面具细密短剌及细颗粒状雕纹，具3孔沟。
（2）取本品粉末0.2g，加甲醇5ml，放置12小时，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取绿原酸对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含1mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502） 试验，吸取供试品溶液10～20µl、对照品溶液10µl，分别点于同一硅胶H薄层板上，以乙酸丁酯-甲酸-水（7：2.5：2.5）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832, method>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过10.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 10.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过3.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 3.0 per cent <2302>.

重金属及有害元素 Heavy metals and harmful elements

照铅、镉、砷、汞、铜测定法（通则2321原子吸收分光光度法或电感耦合等离子体质谱法）测定，铅不得过5mg/kg；镉不得过0.3mg/kg；砷不得过2mg/kg；汞不得过0.2mg/kg；铜不得过20mg/kg。
Carry out the method for determination of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and copper <2321,atomic absorption spectrophctometry, or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry>, not more than 20 mg/kg of lead. 0.3 mg/kg of cadmium, 2 mg/kg of arsenic, 0.2 mg/ kg of mercury and 20 mg/kg of copper.

含量测定 Assay

绿原酸 Chlorogenic acid

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512） 测定。
Chromatographic system and system suitability Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase and a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.4% phosphoric acid solution (13 : 87) as the mobile phase. As detector a spectrophotometer set at 327 nm. The number of theoretical plates of the column is not less than 1000, calculated with reference to the peak of chlorogenic acid.

木犀草苷 Luteolin-7-0-glucoside

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Chromatographic system and system suitability Use phenyl silane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase, acetonitrile as the mobile phase A, 0.5% glacial acetic acid solution as the mobile phase B, elute in gradient as the following:

Time
(min) Mobile phase A

As detector a spectrophotometer set at 350 nm. The number of theoretical plates of the column is not less than 20 000, calculated with reference to the peak of luteolin7-O- glucoside.
Reference solution Dissolve a quantity of luteolin-7-O- glucoside CRS, accurately weighed, in 70% ethanol to produce a solution of 40 μg per ml as the test solution.

性味与归经 Property and Flavor

甘，寒。归肺、心、胃经。
Cold, sweet. Meridian tropism Lung, heart and stomach meridians.

功能与主治 Actions and Indications

清热解毒，疏散风热。用于痈肿疔疮，喉痹，丹毒，热毒血痢，风热感冒，温病发热。
To clear beat, remove toxin, and disperse wind- beat. Indications Swelling abscess, deep-rooted boil, sore, throat bi disorder, erysipelas, heat-toxin blood dysentery, common cold caused by wind-heat, and fever in warm disease.

用法与用量 Administration and dosage

6～15g。
6-15 g.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，防潮，防蛀。
Preserve in a cool and dry place, and protect from moisture and moth.