金银花

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: *Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) *

概述 Overview

本品为忍冬科植物忍冬Lonicera japonica Thunb.的干燥花蕾或带初开的花。夏初花开放前采收，干燥。
Honeysuckle Flower is the dried flower bud or the flower with the initial opening of Lonicera japonica Thunb. (Fam. Caprifoliaceae). The drug is collected in early summer before the flowers open and dried.

性状 Description

本品呈棒状，上粗下细，略弯曲，长2～3 cm，上部直径约3 mm，下部直径约1.5 mm。表面黄白色或绿白色（贮久色渐深），密被短柔毛。偶见叶状苞片。花萼绿色，先端5裂，裂片有毛，长约2mm。开放者花冠筒状，先端二唇形；雄蕊5，附于筒壁，黄色；雌蕊1，子房无毛。气清香，味淡、微苦。
Flower buds are cylindrical, upper part thick and lower part thin, slightly curved, 2-3 cm long, upper part about 3 mm in diameter, lower part about 1.5 mm in diameter; surface yellowish-white or greenish-white (becoming darker on storage), densely covered with short, soft hairs; occasionally with leaf-like bracts. Calyx green, 5-lobed at apex, lobes hairy, about 2 mm long. Corolla tubular, 2-lipped at apex; stamens 5, adnate to corolla tube, yellow; ovary glabrous. Odour, fragrant; taste, mild and slightly bitter.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末浅黄棕色或黄绿色。腺毛较多，头部倒圆锥形、类圆形或略扁圆形，4～33细胞，排成2～4层，直径30～64～108 μm，柄部1～5细胞，长可达700 μm。非腺毛有两种：一种为厚壁非腺毛，单细胞，长可达900 μm，表面有微细疣状或泡状突起，有的具螺纹；另一种为薄壁非腺毛，单细胞，甚长，弯曲或皱缩，表面有微细疣状突起。草酸钙簇晶直径6～45 μm。花粉粒类圆形或三角形，表面具细密短刺及细颗粒状雕纹，具3孔沟。
（1）The powder is light yellowish-brown or yellowish-green. There are more glandular hairs, with the head inverted conical, circular or slightly flattened, consisting of 4-33 cells, arranged in 2-4 layers, with a diameter of 30-64-108 μm, and the stalk consisting of 1-5 cells, up to 700 μm long. There are two types of non-glandular hairs: one is thick-walled non-glandular hairs, single-celled, up to 900 μm long, with micro-papillary or vesicular protrusions on the surface, some with spiral patterns; the other is thin-walled non-glandular hairs, single-celled, very long, curved or wrinkled, with micro-papillary protrusions on the surface. The diameter of calcium oxalate cluster crystal is 6-45 μm. Pollen grains are round or triangular, with fine short spines and granular sculptures on the surface and have 3 colpi.

（2）取本品粉末0.2 g，加甲醇5 ml，放置12小时，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取绿原酸对照品，加甲醇制成每1 ml含1 mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液10～20 μl、对照品溶液10 μl，分别点于同一硅胶H薄层板上，以乙酸丁酯-甲酸-水（7：2.5：2.5）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（365 nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
（2）Take 0.2 g of the powder, add 5 ml of methanol, let it stand for 12 hours, filter, and take the filtrate as the test solution. Take chlorogenic acid reference substance, add methanol to make a solution containing 1 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using silica gel H as the coating substance and the upper layer solution of ethyl acetate-butanoic acid-water (7: 2.5: 2.5) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 10-20 μl of the test solution and 10 μl of the reference solution. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.

特征图谱 Characteristic mapping

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Determined by high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

除检测波长为240 nm外，其他同〔含量测定〕酚酸类项下。
Same as under [Content Determination] Phenolic Acids except that the detection wavelength is 240 nm.

参照物溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solutions

取绿原酸对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1 ml含0.40 mg的溶液，即得。
Take the appropriate amount of chlorogenic acid control product, precision weighing, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.40 mg per ml, that is to obtain.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

同〔含量测定〕酚酸类项下。
Same as under [Content Determination] Phenolic Acids.

测定法 Determination method

分别精密吸取参照物溶液与供试品溶液各2 μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Precisely aspirate 2 μl each of the reference solution and the test solution respectively, inject into liquid chromatograph and determine, it is obtained.

供试品特征图谱中应呈现7个特征峰，与参照物峰相应的峰为S峰，计算各特征峰与S峰的相对保留时间，应在规定值的±10%之内，保留时间规定值为：0.91（峰1）、1.00［峰2（S）］、1.17（峰3）、1.38（峰4）、2.43（峰5）、2.81（峰6）、2.93（峰7）。
The characteristic profile of the test product should show seven characteristic peaks, and the peak corresponding to the reference peak is the S peak, calculate the relative retention time of each characteristic peak and the S peak, which should be within ±10% of the specified value, the retention time specified values are: 0.91 (peak 1), 1.00 [peak 2 (S)], 1.17 (peak 3), 1.38 (peak 4), 2.43 (peak 5), 2.81 (peak 6), 2.93 (Peak 7).

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832, method 4>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过10.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 10.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过3.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 3.0 per cent <2302>.

重金属及有害元素 Heavy metals and harmful elements

照铅、镉、砷、汞、铜测定法（通则2321原子吸收分光光度法或电感耦合等离子体质谱法）测定，铅不得过5 mg/kg；镉不得过1 mg/kg；砷不得过2 mg/kg；汞不得过0.2 mg/kg；铜不得过20 mg/kg。
Determined by the method of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, and copper (atomic absorption spectrophotometry or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) <2321>. The limit of lead is not more than 5 mg/kg; the limit of cadmium is not more than 1 mg/kg; the limit of arsenic is not more than 2 mg/kg; the limit of mercury is not more than 0.2 mg/kg; the limit of copper is not more than 20 mg/kg.

含量测定 Assay

酚酸类 Phenolic acids

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Determined by high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈为流动相A，0.1%磷酸溶液为流动相B，按下表中的规定进行梯度洗脱；柱温不高于25 ℃；流速为每分钟0.7 ml，检测波长为327 nm。理论板数按绿原酸峰计算应不低于10000。
Octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel was used as filler; acetonitrile was used as mobile phase A and 0.1% phosphoric acid solution was used as mobile phase B. The gradient elution was carried out according to the following table; the temperature of the column was not higher than 25 ℃; the flow rate was 0.7 ml per minute, and the detection wavelength was 327 nm. the number of theoretical plates should be not less than 10,000 according to the calculation of chlorogenic acid peak.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取绿原酸对照品、3，5-二-O-咖啡酰奎宁酸对照品和4，5-二-O-咖啡酰奎宁酸对照品适量，精密称定，置棕色量瓶中，加75%甲醇制成每1 ml含0.28 mg、0.15 mg、44 μg的溶液，即得。
Take chlorogenic acid control, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid control and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid control in appropriate amount, weighed accurately, placed in a brown measuring flask, and added with 75% methanol to make a solution containing 0.28 mg, 0.15 mg, and 44 μg per ml, that is, obtained.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过四号筛）约0.5 g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入75%甲醇50 ml，称定重量，超声处理（功率500 W，频率40 kHz）30分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用75%甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take the powder of this product (through the fourth sieve) about 0.5 g, precision weighing, placed in a stoppered conical flask, precision addition of 75% methanol 50 ml, weighing, ultrasonic treatment (power 500 W, frequency 40 kHz) for 30 minutes, cooled, and then weighing, 75% methanol to make up for the loss of weight, shaking, filtration, and take the filtrate, that is, the product is obtained.

测定法 Determination method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各2 μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Pipette 2 μl each of control solution and test solution, inject into liquid chromatograph, and then determine, that is, obtain.

本品按干燥品计算，含绿原酸（C16H18O9）不得少于1.5%，含酚酸类以绿原酸（C16H18O9）、3，5-二-O-咖啡酰奎宁酸（C25H24O12）和4，5-二-O-咖啡酰奎宁酸（C25H24O12）的总量计，不得少于3.8%。
This product contains not less than 1.5% chlorogenic acid (C16H18O9) calculated as dried product, and not less than 3.8% phenolic acids calculated as the total amount of chlorogenic acid (C16H18O9), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (C25H24O12) and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (C25H24O12).

木犀草苷 Luteoloside

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Determined by high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

用苯基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂（Agilent ZORBAX SB-phenyl 4.6 mm×250 mm，5 μm），以乙腈为流动相A，以0.5%冰醋酸溶液为流动相B，按下表中的规定进行梯度洗脱；检测波长为350 nm。理论板数按木犀草苷峰计算应不低于20000。
Phenylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler (Agilent ZORBAX SB-phenyl 4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), with acetonitrile as mobile phase A and 0.5% glacial acetic acid solution as mobile phase B. Gradient elution was carried out in accordance with the following table; the detection wavelength was 350 nm. the theoretical plate counts calculated on the basis of the lignoceroside peaks should be not less than 20,000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取木犀草苷对照品适量，精密称定，加70%乙醇制成每1 ml含40 μg的溶液，即得。
Take the appropriate amount of lignocaine control, precision weighing, add 70% ethanol to make a solution containing 40 μg per ml, that is to obtain.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过四号筛）约2 g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入70%乙醇50 ml，称定重量，超声处理（功率250 W，频率35 kHz）1小时，放冷，再称定重量，用70%乙醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过。精密量取续滤液10 ml，回收溶剂至干，残渣用70%乙醇溶解，转移至5 ml量瓶中，加70%乙醇至刻度，即得。
Take this product powder (through the fourth sieve) about 2 g, precision weighing, placed in a stoppered conical flask, precision addition of 70% ethanol 50 ml, weighing, ultrasonic treatment (power 250 W, frequency 35 kHz) for 1 hour, cooling, and then weighing, with 70% ethanol to make up for the loss of weight, shaking well, filtered. Precisely measure 10 ml of the filtrate, recover the solvent to dry, the residue was dissolved with 70% ethanol, transferred to a 5 ml measuring flask, add 70% ethanol to the scale, that is, obtained.

测定法 Determination method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10 μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Pipette 10 μl each of control solution and test solution, injected into liquid chromatograph, and then measured, it is obtained.

本品按干燥品计算，含木犀草苷（C21H20O11）不得少于0.050%。
This product contains not less than 0.050% of lignocaine (C21H20O11) calculated as dried product.

性 Property

寒。
Cold.

味 Flavor

甘。
Sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肺、心、胃经。
Lung, heart, and stomach meridians.

功能 Actions and Indications

清热解毒，疏散风热。
To clear heat and detoxify and disperse wind-heat.

主治 Indications

用于痈肿疔疮，喉痹，丹毒，热毒血痢，风热感冒，温病发热。
Used for carbuncles and sores, sore throat, erysipelas, dysentery due to heat-toxin, wind-heat common cold, and febrile diseases.

用量 Dosage

6～15 g。
6-15 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，防潮，防蛀。
Preserve in a cool and dry place, moisture-proof, and mothproof.

金银花

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为忍冬科植物忍冬Lonicera japonica Thunb.的干燥花蕾或带初开的花。夏初花开放前采收，干燥。
Honeysuckle Flower is the dried flower bud or opening flower of Lonicera japonica Thunb. (Fam Capri-foliaceae ). The drug is collected before flowering in early summer, and dried.

性状 Description

本品呈棒状，上粗下细，略弯曲，长2～3cm，上部直径约3mm，下部直径约1.5mm。表面黄白色或绿白色（贮久色渐深），密被短柔毛。偶见叶状苞片。花萼绿色，先端5裂，裂片有毛，长约2mm。开放者花冠筒状，先端二唇形；雄蕊5，附于筒壁，黄色；雌蕊1，子房无毛。气清香，味淡、微苦。
Clavate, stout in upper part and tapered downwards, slightly curved, 2-3 cm long, about 3 mm in diameter in upper part and 1.5 mm in diameter in lower part. Externally yellowish-white or greenish-white, gradually darken on keeping, densely pubescent. Foliaceous bracts occasionally visible. Calyx green, 5-lobed at the apex, lobes pubescent, about 2 mm long. Corolla tubular when open, apex 2-lipped, stamens 5. epipetalous, yellow; pistil 1, ovary glabrous. Odour, delicately aromatic; taste, weak and slightly bitter.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末浅黄棕色或黄绿色。腺毛较多，头部倒圆锥形、类圆形或略扁圆形，4～33细胞，成2～4层，直径30～64～108µm，柄部1～5细胞，长可达700µm。非腺毛有两种：一种为厚壁非腺毛，单细胞，长可达900µm，表面有微细疣状或泡状突起，有的具螺纹；另一种为薄壁非腺毛，单细胞，甚长，弯曲或皱缩，表面有微细疣状突起。草酸钙簇晶直径6～45µm。花粉粒类圆形或三角形，表面具细密短剌及细颗粒状雕纹，具3孔沟。
（2）取本品粉末0.2g，加甲醇5ml，放置12小时，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取绿原酸对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含1mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502） 试验，吸取供试品溶液10～20µl、对照品溶液10µl，分别点于同一硅胶H薄层板上，以乙酸丁酯-甲酸-水（7：2.5：2.5）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832, method>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过10.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 10.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过3.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 3.0 per cent <2302>.

重金属及有害元素 Heavy metals and harmful elements

照铅、镉、砷、汞、铜测定法（通则2321原子吸收分光光度法或电感耦合等离子体质谱法）测定，铅不得过5mg/kg；镉不得过0.3mg/kg；砷不得过2mg/kg；汞不得过0.2mg/kg；铜不得过20mg/kg。
Carry out the method for determination of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and copper <2321,atomic absorption spectrophctometry, or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry>, not more than 20 mg/kg of lead. 0.3 mg/kg of cadmium, 2 mg/kg of arsenic, 0.2 mg/ kg of mercury and 20 mg/kg of copper.

含量测定 Assay

绿原酸 Chlorogenic acid

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512） 测定。
Chromatographic system and system suitability Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase and a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.4% phosphoric acid solution (13 : 87) as the mobile phase. As detector a spectrophotometer set at 327 nm. The number of theoretical plates of the column is not less than 1000, calculated with reference to the peak of chlorogenic acid.

木犀草苷 Luteolin-7-0-glucoside

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Chromatographic system and system suitability Use phenyl silane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase, acetonitrile as the mobile phase A, 0.5% glacial acetic acid solution as the mobile phase B, elute in gradient as the following:

Time
(min) Mobile phase A

As detector a spectrophotometer set at 350 nm. The number of theoretical plates of the column is not less than 20 000, calculated with reference to the peak of luteolin7-O- glucoside.
Reference solution Dissolve a quantity of luteolin-7-O- glucoside CRS, accurately weighed, in 70% ethanol to produce a solution of 40 μg per ml as the test solution.

性味与归经 Property and Flavor

甘，寒。归肺、心、胃经。
Cold, sweet. Meridian tropism Lung, heart and stomach meridians.

功能与主治 Actions and Indications

清热解毒，疏散风热。用于痈肿疔疮，喉痹，丹毒，热毒血痢，风热感冒，温病发热。
To clear beat, remove toxin, and disperse wind- beat. Indications Swelling abscess, deep-rooted boil, sore, throat bi disorder, erysipelas, heat-toxin blood dysentery, common cold caused by wind-heat, and fever in warm disease.

用法与用量 Administration and dosage

6～15g。
6-15 g.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，防潮，防蛀。
Preserve in a cool and dry place, and protect from moisture and moth.