皂矾（绿矾）

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为硫酸盐类矿物水绿矾族水绿矾的矿石。主含含水硫酸亚铁（FeSO4•7H2O）。采挖后，除去杂石。
Melanterite is the mineral of the water vitriol group, a sulfate mineral and a member of the melanterite group. It mainly contains hydrated ferrous sulfate (FeSO4•7H2O). After mining, it is purified by removing impurities.

性状 Description

本品为不规则碎块。浅绿色或黄绿色，半透明，具光泽，表面不平坦。质硬脆，断面具玻璃样光泽。有铁锈气，味先涩后微甜。
Irregular fragments, light green or yellowish-green, translucent, with luster, and uneven surface. Hard and brittle in texture, with a glassy luster on the fracture surface. It has a rust-like odor, with a taste that is initially astringent and then slightly sweet.

鉴别 Identification

取本品0.5g，加水适量使溶解（必要时滤过），溶液显亚铁盐（通则0301）与硫酸盐（通则0301）的鉴别反应。
Take 0.5g of the sample, dissolve it in a suitable amount of water (if necessary, filter), and observe the identification reactions of ferrous salts <0301> and sulfates <0301> in the solution.

检查 Examination

铁盐 Iron salt

取本品0.1g，精密称定，置100ml量瓶中，加稀硫酸10ml及水适量使溶解，加水至刻度，摇匀，滤过，精密量取续滤液1ml，置25ml纳氏比色管中，加水稀释至约20ml，加30%硫氰酸铵溶液3ml，再加水稀释使成25ml，摇匀，立即与标准铁溶液（通则0807）5ml制成的对照溶液（取标准铁溶液5ml，置 25ml纳氏比色管中，加水稀释至约20ml，加30%硫氰酸铵溶液3ml，再加水稀释使成25ml，摇匀）比较，不得更深（5%）。
Take 0.1g of the sample, accurately weigh it, place it in a 100ml volumetric flask, add 10ml of dilute sulfuric acid and sufficient water to dissolve it, add water to the mark, shake well, filter, accurately measure 1ml of the filtrate, place it in a 25ml Nessler's colorimetric tube, dilute with water to about 20ml, add 3ml of 30% ammonium thiocyanate solution, dilute with water to 25ml, shake well, and immediately compare it with the control solution made from 5ml of standard iron solution (take 5ml of standard iron solution, place it in a 25ml Nessler's colorimetric tube, dilute with water to about 20ml, add 3ml of 30% ammonium thiocyanate solution, dilute with water to 25ml, shake well), the color should not be deeper (5%).

含量测定 Assay

取本品细粉约0.8g，精密称定，置100ml 量瓶中，加稀硫酸10ml与水适量使溶解，加水至刻度，摇匀， 用干燥滤纸滤过，精密量取续滤液50ml，加邻二氮菲指示液数滴，立即用硫酸铈滴定液（0. 1mol/L）滴定至溶液由浅红色转变为淡绿色。每1ml硫酸铈滴定液（0.1mol/L）相当于 27. 80mg的含水硫酸亚铁（FeSO4•7H2O）。
Take about 0.8g of the sample powder, accurately weigh it, place it in a 100ml volumetric flask, add 10ml of dilute sulfuric acid and sufficient water to dissolve it, add water to the mark, shake well, filter with dry filter paper, accurately measure 50ml of the filtrate, add a few drops of o-phenanthroline indicator, immediately titrate with cerium sulfate titration solution (0.1mol/L) until the solution changes from light red to pale green. Each 1ml of cerium sulfate titration solution (0.1mol/L) is equivalent to 27.80mg of hydrated ferrous sulfate (FeSO4•7H2O).

本品含含水硫酸亚铁（FeSO4•7H2O）不得少于85.0%。
The content of hydrated ferrous sulfate (FeSO4•7H2O) in the sample should not be less than 85.0%.

饮片 Prepared slices

皂矾 Alum

炮制 Processing

取原药材，除去杂质，打碎。
Take the crude medicinal material, remove impurities, and crush.

煅皂矾 Calcined Alum

炮制 Processing

取净皂矾，照明煅法（通则0213）煅至红透。
Take purified alum, calcine it according to the method of calcination by heating <0213> until it turns red.

性 Property

凉。
Cold.

味 Flavor

酸。
Sour.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝、脾经。
Liver and spleen meridians.

功能 Actions

解毒燥湿，杀虫补血。
To detoxify and dry dampness, kill parasites, and tonify blood.

主治 Indications

用于黄肿胀满，疳积久痢，肠风便血，血虚萎黄，湿疮疥癣，喉痹口疮。
Used for yellow swelling and fullness, chronic malnutrition, prolonged dysentery, intestinal wind and bloody stools, blood deficiency and withered yellow, damp sores, scabies and tinea, throat obstruction and mouth sores.

用量 Dosage

0.8～1.6g。外用适量。
0.8-1.6g. For external use, use an appropriate amount.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

注意 Precautions

孕妇慎用。
Caution should be exercised in pregnant women.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，防潮，防尘。
Store in a cool and dry place, protect from moisture and dust.

皂矾（绿矾）

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为硫酸盐类矿物水绿矾的矿石。主含含水硫酸亚铁 （FeSO4·7H2O）。采挖后，除去杂石。
Melanterite is a mineral of sulfates of melanterite, containing mainly hydrated ferrous sulfate (FeSO4·7H2O). The drug is collected and removed from foreign stones.

性状 Description

本品为不规则碎块。浅绿色或黄绿色，半透明，具光泽，表面不平坦。质硬脆，断面具玻璃样光泽。有铁锈气，味先涩后微甜。
Irregular pieces, pale green or yellowish-green, translucent, lustrous, surface uneven. Texture hard and fragile, fracture glossy. Odour, rust-like； taste, astringent, then slightly sweet.

鉴别 Identification

取本品0.5g，加水适量使溶解（必要时滤过），溶液显亚铁盐（通则0301）与硫酸盐（通则0301）的鉴别反应。
Dissolve 0.5 g of the sample in a quantity of water (filter if necessary), the solution yields the reactions characteristic of ferrous salts and sulfates <0301>.

检查 Examination

铁盐 Ferric salts

取本品0.1g，精密称定，置100ml量瓶中，加稀硫酸10ml及水适量使溶解，加水至刻度，摇匀，滤过，精密量取续滤液1ml，置25ml纳氏比色管中，加水稀释至约20ml，加30%硫氰酸铵溶液3ml，再加水稀释使成25ml，摇匀，立即与标准铁溶液（通则0807）5ml制成的对照溶液（取标准铁溶液5ml，置25ml纳氏比色管中，加水稀释至约20ml，加30%硫氰酸铵溶液3ml，再加水稀释使成25ml，摇匀）比较，不得更深（5%）。
Dissolve 0.1 g of the sample, accurately weighed, with 10 ml of dilute sulfuric acid TS and a quantity of water in a 100 ml volumetric flask, dilute to volume with water, mix well, and filter. Measure accurately 1 ml of the successive filtrate into a 25 ml Nessler tube, dilute with water to about 20 ml, add 3 ml of 30% ammonium thiocyanate solution, dilute again with water to 25 ml, and mix well. Compare immediately the colour produced with that of the reference solution produced with 5 ml of iron standard solution<0807> (measure 5 ml of iron standard solution into a 25 ml Nessler tube, dilute with water to about 20 ml, add 3 ml of 30% ammonium thiocyanate solution, dilute with water to 25 ml, and mix well), it should not be deeper (5% ).

含量测定 Assay

取本品细粉约0.8g，精密称定，置100ml量瓶中，加稀硫酸10ml与水适量使溶解，加水至刻度，摇匀，用干燥滤纸滤过，精密量取续滤液50ml，加邻二氮菲指示液 数滴，立即用硫酸铈滴定液（0.1mol/L）滴定至溶液由浅红色转变为淡绿色。每1ml硫酸铈滴定液（0.1mol/L）相当于27.80mg的含水硫酸亚铁（FeSO4·7H2O）。
Dissolve about 0.8 g of the fine powder, weighed accurately, with 10 ml of dilute sulfuric acid TS and a quantity of water in a 100 ml volumetric flask, dilute with water to volume, mix well, and filter with dried filter paper. Measure accurately 50 ml of the successive filtrate, add several drops of o-phenanthroline IS, then titrate immediately with ceric sulfate VS (0.1 mol/L) until the colour of the solution changes from pale red to pale green. One ml of ceric sulfate VS (0.1 mol/L) corresponds to 27.80 mg of hydrated ferrous sulfate (FeSO4•7H2O).

本品含含水硫酸亚铁（FeSO4·7H2O）不得少于85.0%。
It contains not less than 85.0 per cent of hydrated ferrous sulfate (FeSO4•7H2O).

饮片 Prepared slices

皂矾 Melanteritum

炮制 Processing

取原药材，除去杂质，打碎。
Eliminate foreign matter, break to pieces.

煅皂矾 Melanteritum (calcined)

炮制 Processing

取净皂矾，照明煅法（通则0213）煅至红透。
Calcine the clean Melanteritum as described under the method for calcining openly<0213> to red thoroughly.

性 Property

酸，凉。
Cool； sour.

味 Flavor

味先涩后微甜。
Astringent, then slightly sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝、脾经。
Liver and spleen meridians.

功能 Actions

解毒燥湿，杀虫补血。
To remove toxin and dry dampness, kill worms, and nourish blood.

主治 Indications

用于黄肿胀满，疳积久痢，肠风便血，血虚萎黄，湿疮疥癣，喉痹口疮。
Yellow swelling with distention and fullness, mild malnutrition with retention, chronic dysentery, dysentery with bloody stool, blood deficiency, sallow complexion, dampness sore, scabies, tinea, throat bi disorder, and mouth sore.

用量 Dosage

0.8～1.6g。外用适量。
0.8-1.6 g. Appropriate amount for topical application.

注意 Precautions and Warnings

孕妇慎用。
Used with caution during pregnancy.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，防潮，防尘。
Preserve in a cool and dry place, and protect from moisture and dust.