杜仲

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为杜仲科植物杜仲Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.的干燥树皮。4～6月剥取，刮去粗皮，堆置“发汗”至内皮呈紫褐色，晒干。
Eucommia Bark is the dried bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (Fam. Eucommiaceae). The bark is collected from April to June, peeled to remove the coarse bark, piled up and "sweated" until the inner bark turns purplish-brown, and then dried.

性状 Description

本品呈板片状或两边稍向内卷，大小不一，厚3～7 mm。外表面淡棕色或灰褐色，有明显的皱纹或纵裂槽纹，有的树皮较薄，未去粗皮，可见明显的皮孔。内表面暗紫色，光滑。质脆，易折断，断面有细密、银白色、富弹性的橡胶丝相连。气微，味稍苦。
The bark is in plate-like shape or slightly rolled inward on both sides, with varying sizes and a thickness of 3-7 mm. The outer surface is light brown or grayish-brown, with obvious wrinkles or longitudinal fissures. Some bark is thinner and still has the coarse bark, with visible pores. The inner surface is dark purple and smooth. The texture is brittle and easily broken, with fine, silvery-white, and elastic rubber strands connecting the fracture surface. It has a slight odor and a slightly bitter taste.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末棕色。橡胶丝成条或扭曲成团，表面显颗粒性。石细胞甚多，大多成群，类长方形、类圆形、长条形或形状不规则，长约至180 μm，直径20～80 μm，壁厚，有的胞腔内含橡胶团块。木栓细胞表面观多角形，直径15～40 μm，壁不均匀增厚，木化，有细小纹孔；侧面观长方形，壁三面增厚，一面薄，孔沟明显。
(1) The powder of the bark is brown. The rubber strands are in the form of strips or twisted clusters, with a granular surface. There are many stone cells, mostly in clusters, which are rectangular, circular, elongated, or irregular in shape, with a length of about 180 μm and a diameter of 20-80 μm. The cells have thick walls, and some of them contain rubber masses in the cell cavity. The surface of cork cells is polygonal, with a diameter of 15-40 μm. The walls are unevenly thickened, lignified, and have small pits. The side view is rectangular, with three sides thickened and one side thin, and the pits and grooves are obvious.

（2）取本品粉末1 g，加三氯甲烷10 ml，浸渍2小时，滤过。滤液挥干，加乙醇1 ml，产生具弹性的胶膜。
(2) To 1 g of the powder add 10 ml of chloroform, soak for 2 hours, filter. Evaporate the filtrate to dryness, add 1 ml of ethanol to produce an elastic film.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用75%乙醇作溶剂，不得少于11.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201>, the hot maceration method, using 75% ethanol as the solvent, not less than 11.0%.

含量测定 Content determination

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-水（25：75）为流动相；检测波长为277 nm。理论板数按松脂醇二葡萄糖苷峰计算应不低于1000。
Octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel was used as filler; methanol-water (25:75) was used as the mobile phase; and the detection wavelength was 277 nm; the theoretical plate number should be not less than 1000 according to the calculation of the peak of Pinoresinol Diglucoside.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of control solution

取松脂醇二葡萄糖苷对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1 ml含0.5 mg的溶液，即得。
Take appropriate amount of Pinoresinol Diglucoside control product, weigh it precisely, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.5 mg per ml, that is to say, it is obtained.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品约3 g，剪成碎片，揉成絮状，取约2 g，精密称定，置索氏提取器中，加入三氯甲烷适量，加热回流6小时，弃去三氯甲烷液，药渣挥去三氯甲烷，再置索氏提取器中，加入甲醇适量，加热回流6小时，提取液回收甲醇至适量，转移至10 ml量瓶中，加甲醇至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 3 g of this product, cut into pieces, kneaded into flocculent, take about 2 g, weighed accurately, placed in Soxhlet extractor, add an appropriate amount of trichloromethane, heated reflux for 6 hours, discard trichloromethane liquid, dregs of the trichloromethane evaporate, and then placed in the Soxhlet extractor, add an appropriate amount of methanol, heated reflux for 6 hours, the extraction solution recycled methanol to the appropriate amount, transferred to a 10 ml measuring flask, add methanol to the scale, shaking well, filtration, and the filtrate, that is to say, the filtrate was renewed.

测定法 Assay method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10 μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Precisely take up 10 μl each of control solution and test solution respectively, inject into liquid chromatograph, and then determine, it is obtained.

本品含松脂醇二葡萄糖苷（C32H42O16）不得少于0.10%。
This product contains not less than 0.10% of Pinoresinol Diglucoside (C32H42O16).

饮片 Prepared slices

杜仲 Eucommia Bark

炮制 Processing

刮去残留粗皮，洗净，切块或丝，干燥。
Remove the remaining coarse bark, wash, cut into pieces or threads, and dry.

性状 Description

本品呈小方块或丝状。外表面淡棕色或灰褐色，有明显的皱纹。内表面暗紫色，光滑。断面有细密、银白色、富弹性的橡胶丝相连。气微，味稍苦。
The prepared slices are small square blocks or threads. The outer surface is light brown or grayish-brown, with obvious wrinkles. The inner surface is dark purple and smooth. The fracture surface is connected by fine, silvery-white, and elastic rubber strands. It has a slight odor and a slightly bitter taste.

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

浸出物 Extractives

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

含量测定 Assay

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

盐杜仲 aquafried Eucommia Bark with salt

炮制 Processing

取杜仲块或丝，照盐炙法（通则0213）炒至断丝、表面焦黑色。
Take cubes or silk of Cortex Eucommiae, and fry them according to the salt-roasting method (Tongzhi 0213) until the silk is broken and the surface is charred black.

性状 Description

本品形如杜仲块或丝，表面黑褐色，内表面褐 色，折断时胶丝弹性较差。味微咸。
This product is shaped like the block or silk of Cortex Eucommiae, with black-brown surface and brown inner surface, and the elasticity of the silk is poor when it is broken. The flavour is slightly salty.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%。
Not more than 13.0%.

总灰分 Total Ash

不得过10.0%。
Not more than 10.0%.

浸出物 Extractives

同药材，不得少于12.0%。
Same as the crude drug, not more than 12.0%.

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

含量测定 Assay

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

甘。
Sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝、肾经。
Liver and kidney.

功能 Actions

补肝肾，强筋骨，安胎。
Tonify the liver and kidney, strengthen the tendons and bones, and secure the fetus..

主治 Indications

用于肝肾不足，腰膝酸痛，筋骨无力，头晕目眩，妊娠漏血，胎动不安。
It is used for liver and kidney deficiency, lumbago and weakness of the tendons and bones, dizziness and blurred vision, bleeding during pregnancy, and restless fetus.

用量 Dosage

6-10 g。
6-10 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处。
Preserve in a well-ventilated and dry place.

杜仲

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为杜仲科植物杜仲Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.的干燥树皮。4～6月剥取，刮去粗皮，堆置“发汗”至内皮呈紫褐色，晒干。
Eucommia Bark is the dried stem bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (Fam. Eucom-miaceae). The drug is collected from April to June, removed from the coarse bark, piled up until the inner surface becomes purplish-brown, and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品呈板片状或两边稍向内卷，大小不一，厚 3～7mm。 外表面淡棕色或灰褐色，有明显的皱纹或纵裂槽纹，有的树皮较薄，未去粗皮，可见明显的皮孔。内表面暗紫色，光滑。质脆，易折断，断面有细密、银白色、富弹性的橡胶丝相连。气微，味稍苦。
Flat pieces, or two edges somewhat curved inwards, varying in size, 3-7 mm thick. Outer surface pale brown or greyish-brown, markedly wrinkled or fissured and channelled longitudinally; some barks relatively thin, showing distinct lenticels when the coarse bark unscraped; inner surface dark purple, smooth. Texture fragile, easily broken, fracture linked up by fine, dense, silvery and elastic rubber threads. Odour, slight; taste, slightly bitter.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末棕色。橡胶丝成条或扭曲成团，表面显颗粒性。石细胞甚多，大多成群，类长方形、类圆形、长条形或形状不规则，长约至180μm，直径20～80μm，壁厚，有的胞腔内含橡胶团块。木栓细胞表面观多角形，直径15～40μm，壁不均匀增厚，木化，有细小纹孔；侧面观长方形，壁三面增厚，一面薄，孔沟明显。
（2）取本品粉末1g，加三氯甲烷10ml，浸渍2小时，滤过。滤液挥干，加乙醇1ml，产生具弹性的胶膜。

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用75%乙醇作溶剂，不得少于11.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201, the hot extraction method>, using 75% ethanol as the solvent, not less than 11.0 per cent.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

饮片 Prepared slices

杜仲 Eucommia Bark

炮制 Processing

杜仲 刮去残留粗皮，洗净，切块或丝，干燥。
Eucommiae Cortex Scrap off the remains of coarse bark, wash clean, cut into pieces or slivers, and dry.

本品呈小方块或丝状。外表面淡棕色或灰褐色，有明显的皱纹。内表面暗紫色，光滑。断面有细密、银白色、富弹性的橡胶丝相连。气微，味稍苦。
It is in small square pieces or slivers. The outer surface is pale brown or greyish-brown with distinct wrinkles. The inner surface is dark purple and smooth. The fracture is linked up by fine, dense, silvery and elastic rubber threads. It has a slight odor and a slightly bitter taste.

盐杜仲 Eucommia Bark (processed with salt)

取杜仲块或丝，照盐炙法（通则0213）炒至断丝、表面焦黑色。
Stir-bake the pieces or slivers of Eucommia Bark as described under the method for stir-baking with salt-water <0213> until the rubber threads broken off and the surface charred.

本品形如杜仲块或丝，表面黑褐色，内表面褐色，折断时胶丝弹性较差。味微咸。
It is in the form of pieces or slivers, with a blackish-brown surface and a brownish inner surface. The elasticity of the rubber threads is weak when broken. It has a slightly salty taste.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

同药材，不得过13.0%[1]。
Same as the crude drug, not more than 13.0 per cent[1].

总灰分 Total ash

同药材，不得过10.0%[2]。
Same as the crude drug, not more than 10.0 per cent[2].

浸出物 Extractives

同药材，不得少于12.0%。
Same as the crude drug, not less than 12.0 per cent.

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

含量测定 Assay

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

性味与归经 Property and Flavor

甘，温。归肝、肾经。
Warm; sweet. Liver and kidney meridians.

功能与主治 Actions

补肝肾，强筋骨，安胎。用于肝肾不足，腰膝酸痛，筋骨无力，头晕目眩，妊娠漏血，胎动不安。
To tonify liver-kidney, strengthen sinew and bone, and prevent miscarriage. It is used for deficiency of liver-kidney, manifested as limp aching in the lower back and knees, lack of strength in the sinew and bone, dizziness and vertigo, vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, and threatened miscarriage.

用法与用量 Administration and dosage

6～10g。
6-10 g.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处。
Preserve in a ventilated and dry place.

勘误：
[1] 水分