灯盏细辛（灯盏花）

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为菊科植物短葶飞蓬Erigeron breviscapus（Vant.）Hand.-Mazz.的干燥全草。夏、秋二季采挖，除去杂质，晒干。
Erigeron Herb is the dried whole plant of Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz. (Fam. Compositae). The drug is collected in summer and autumn, removed from impurities, and dried.

性状 Description

本品长15～25 cm。根茎长1～3 cm，直径0.2～0.5 cm；表面凹凸不平，着生多数圆柱形细根，直径约0.1 cm，淡褐色至黄褐色。茎圆柱形，长14～22 cm，直径0.1～0.2 cm；黄绿色至淡棕色，具细纵棱线，被白色短柔毛；质脆，断面黄白色，有髓或中空。基生叶皱缩、破碎，完整者展平后呈倒卵状披针形、匙形、阔披针形或阔倒卵形，长1.5～9 cm，宽0.5～1.3 cm；黄绿色，先端钝圆，有短尖，基部渐狭，全缘；茎生叶互生，披针形，基部抱茎。头状花序顶生。瘦果扁倒卵形。气微香，味微苦。
The herb is 15-25 cm long. Rhizome is 1-3 cm long, 0.2-0.5 cm in diameter; surface uneven, with numerous cylindrical fine roots, about 0.1 cm in diameter, pale brown to yellowish-brown. Stem is cylindrical, 14-22 cm long, 0.1-0.2 cm in diameter; yellowish-green to pale brown, with fine longitudinal ridges, covered with white short pubescence; texture brittle, fracture yellowish-white, with pith or hollow. Radical leaves are wrinkled and broken, when whole, inverted ovate-lanceolate, spatulate, broadly ovate-lanceolate or broadly inverted ovate, 1.5-9 cm long, 0.5-1.3 cm wide; yellowish-green, bluntly rounded at apex, with short tip, gradually narrowed at base, entire; stem leaves alternate, lanceolate, clasping at base. Capitula terminal. Achenes flattened and inverted ovate. Odour, slightly fragrant; taste, slightly bitter.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品叶表面观：表皮细胞壁波状弯曲，有角质线纹，气孔不定式。非腺毛1～8细胞，长约180～560 μm。腺毛头部1～4细胞，柄1至多细胞。
(1) Surface view of leaf: epidermal cells with wavy curved walls, with cuticular striations, stomata anomocytic. Non-glandular hairs 1-8 cells, about 180-560 μm long. Glandular hairs with 1-4 cells in the head and 1 or more cells in the stalk.

（2）取本品，照〔含量测定〕项下的方法试验，供试品色谱应呈现与对照品色谱保留时间相一致的色谱峰。
Take the test sample and carry out the test according to the method under the item of "Assay". The chromatographic peak of the test sample should be consistent with that of the reference substance.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过15.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 15.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过8.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 8.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用乙醇作溶剂，不得少于7.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the hot maceration method>, using ethanol as the solvent,not less than 7.0 per cent.

含量测定 Content determination

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for determination of content by high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液（40：60）为流动相；检测波长为335 nm。理论板数按野黄芩苷峰计算应不低于5000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the filler; use methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (40:60) as the mobile phase; detect at a wavelength of 335 nm. The theoretical number of plates calculated based on the peak of baicalin should not be less than 5000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取野黄芩苷对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1 ml含0.1 mg的溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of baicalin reference substance, accurately weigh, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.1 mg per ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粗粉约0.5 g，精密称定，置索氏提取器中，加三氯甲烷适量，加热回流至提取液无绿色，弃去三氯甲烷液，药渣挥去溶剂，连同滤纸筒移入具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇50 ml，密塞，称定重量，放置1小时，水浴中加热回流1小时，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过。精密量取续滤液25 ml，回收溶剂至干，残渣用甲醇溶解并转移至10 ml量瓶中，加甲醇至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 0.5 g of the crude powder of this product, accurately weigh, place it in a Soxhlet extractor, add an appropriate amount of chloroform, heat and reflux until the extraction solution is free of green color, discard the chloroform liquid, evaporate the solvent from the residue, transfer the residue along with the filter paper cylinder into a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 50 ml of methanol, seal the flask, weigh, let it stand for 1 hour, heat and reflux in a water bath for 1 hour, cool, weigh again, make up for the lost weight with methanol, shake well, and filter. Accurately take 25 ml of the filtrate, recover the solvent to dryness, dissolve the residue in methanol and transfer it to a 10 ml volumetric flask, add methanol to the mark, shake well, and filter. Take the filtrate, and that's it.

测定法 Determination method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各5～10 μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately take 5-10 μl of the reference solution and the test solution, respectively, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品按干燥品计算，含野黄芩苷（C21H18O12）不得少于0.30%。
Calculated on the dried product, the content of baicalin (C21H18O12) should not be less than 0.30%.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

辛、微苦。
Pungent, slightly bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归心、肝经。
Heart and liver meridians.

功能 Actions

活血通络止痛，祛风散寒。
Activate blood circulation, promote meridian flow, relieve pain, dispel wind, and dispel cold.

主治 Indications

用于中风偏瘫，胸痹心痛，风湿痹痛，头痛，牙痛。
Used for stroke with hemiplegia, chest pain, rheumatic pain, headache, and toothache.

用量 Dosage

9～15 g。
9-15 g.

用法 Administration

煎服或研末蒸鸡蛋服。外用适量。
Decocted and taken orally or ground into powder and mixed with steamed eggs. For external use, use an appropriate amount.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处。
Store in a dry place.

灯盏细辛

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为菊科植物短葶飞蓬Erigeron breviscapus（Vant.）Hand.-Mazz.的干燥全草。夏、秋二季采挖，除去杂质，晒干。
Erigeron Herb is the dried aerial part of Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz. (Fam. Compositae). The drug is collected in summer and autumn, removed from impurities, and dried.

性状 Description

本品长15～25cm，根茎长1～3cm，直径0.2～0.5cm；表面凹凸不平，着生多数圆柱形细根，直径约0.1cm，淡褐色至黄褐色。茎圆柱形，长14～22cm，直径0.1～0.2cm；黄绿色至淡棕色，具细纵棱线，被白色短柔毛；质脆，断面黄白色，有髓或中空。基生叶皱缩、破碎，完整者展平后呈倒卵状披针形、匙形、阔披针形或阔倒卵形，长1.5～9cm，宽0.5～1.3cm；黄绿色，先端钝圆，有短尖，基部渐狭，全缘；茎生叶互生，披针形，基部抱茎。头状花序顶生。瘦果扁倒卵形。气微香，味微苦。
The herb is 15-25 cm long, with a root stem of 1-3 cm long and a diameter of 0.2-0.5 cm. The surface is uneven, with numerous cylindrical fine roots, about 0.1 cm in diameter, and pale brown to yellowish-brown in color. The stem is cylindrical, 14-22 cm long and 0.1-0.2 cm in diameter, yellowish-green to light brown in color, with fine longitudinal ridges and covered with white short pubescence. The texture is brittle, the fracture surface is yellowish-white, and there may be pith or hollow. The basal leaves are wrinkled and broken, and when flattened, they are inverted ovate-lanceolate, spoon-shaped, wide-lanceolate, or wide-ovate in shape, 1.5-9 cm long and 0.5-1.3 cm wide. They are yellowish-green, with a blunt round apex, short tip, gradually narrowing base, and entire margin. The stem leaves are alternate, lanceolate, and embrace the stem at the base. The head-like inflorescence is terminal. The achene is flattened and inverted ovate in shape. It has a slight fragrance and a slightly bitter taste.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品叶表面观：表皮细胞壁波状弯曲，有角质线纹，气孔不定式。非腺毛1～8细胞，长约180～560µm。腺毛头部1～4细胞，柄1至多细胞。
（2）取本品，照〔含量测定〕项下的方法试验，供试品色谱应呈现与对照品色谱保留时间相一致的色谱峰。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过15.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 15.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过8.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 8.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用乙醇作溶剂，不得少于7.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the hot maceration method>, using ethanol as the solvent, not less than 7.0 per cent.

含量测定 Content Determination

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液（40：60）为流动相；检测波长为335nm。理论板数按野黄芩苷峰计算应不低于5000。
Use octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel as the filler; use methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (40:60) as the mobile phase; detect at a wavelength of 335 nm. The theoretical plate number calculated based on the peak of baicalin should not be less than 5000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取野黄芩苷对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.1mg的溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of baicalin reference substance, accurately weigh, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.1 mg per ml, and set aside.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粗粉约0.5g，精密称定，置索氏提取器中，加三氯甲烷适量，加热回流至提取液无绿色，弃去三氯甲烷液，药渣挥去溶剂，连同滤纸筒移入具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇50ml，密塞，称定重量，放置1小时，水浴中加热回流1小时，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过。精密量取续滤液25ml，回收溶剂至干，残渣用甲醇溶解并转移至10ml量瓶中，加甲醇至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 0.5 g of the coarse powder of the herb, accurately weigh, place it in a Soxhlet extractor, add an appropriate amount of chloroform, heat under reflux until the extraction solution is free of green color, discard the chloroform solution, evaporate the solvent from the residue, transfer the residue along with the filter paper cylinder to a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 50 ml of methanol, seal the flask, weigh, let it stand for 1 hour, heat under reflux in a water bath for 1 hour, cool, weigh again, make up for the weight loss with methanol, shake well, and filter. Accurately take 25 ml of the subsequent filtrate, recover the solvent to dryness, dissolve the residue in methanol and transfer it to a 10 ml volumetric flask, add methanol to the mark, shake well, filter, and take the subsequent filtrate.

测定法 Determination method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各5～lOµl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately take 5-10 µl of the reference solution and the test solution, respectively, and inject them into a liquid chromatograph for determination.

本品按干燥品计算，含野黄芩苷（C21H18O12）不得少于0.30%。
Calculated on the dried product, the content of baicalin (C21H18O12) should not be less than 0.30%.

性 Property

辛、微苦，温。
Pungent and slightly bitter; warm.

味 Flavor

辛、微苦，温。
Pungent and slightly bitter; warm.

归经 Meridian tropism

归心、肝经。
Heart and liver meridians.

功能 Actions

活血通络止痛，祛风散寒。
Promotes blood circulation, unblocks collaterals, relieves pain, dispels wind, and disperses cold.

主治 Indications

用于中风偏瘫，胸痹心痛，风湿痹痛，头痛，牙痛。
Used for stroke with hemiplegia, chest pain, rheumatic arthralgia, headache, and toothache.

用量 Dosage

9～15g，煎服或研末蒸鸡蛋服。外用适量。
9-15 g, decocted and taken orally, or ground into powder and mixed with steamed eggs. For external use, use an appropriate amount.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处。
Store in a dry place.