石韦

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为水龙骨科植物庐山石韦Pyrrosia sheareri (Bak.) Ching、石韦Pyrrosia lingua (Thunb.) Farwell或有柄石韦Pyrrosia petiolosa (Christ) Ching的干燥叶。全年均可采收，除去根茎和根，晒干或阴干。
Pyrrosia Leaf is the dried leaf of Pyrrosia sheareri (Bak.) Ching, Pyrrosia lingua (Thunb.) Farwell, or Pyrrosia petiolosa (Christ) Ching (Fam. Polypodiaceae). It can be collected throughout the year, removed from rhizome and root, and dried in the sun or shade.

性状 Description

庐山石韦 Pyrrosia sheareri

叶片略皱缩，展平后呈披针形，长10～25cm，宽3～5cm。先端渐尖，基部耳状偏斜，全缘，边缘常向内卷曲；上表面黄绿色或灰绿色，散布有黑色圆形小凹点；下表面密生红棕色星状毛，有的侧脉间布满棕色圆点状的孢子囊群。叶柄具四棱，长10～20cm，直径1.5～3mm，略扭曲，有纵槽。叶片革质。气微，味微涩苦。
Leaves slightly wrinkled, lanceolate when flattened, 10-25 cm long, 3-5 cm wide. Apex gradually pointed, base obliquely auriculate, entire, margin often inwardly curled; upper surface yellowish-green or grayish-green, scattered with small black circular depressions; lower surface densely covered with reddish-brown stellate hairs, some intercostal areas filled with brown circular sporangia. Petiole quadrangular, 10-20 cm long, 1.5-3 mm in diameter, slightly twisted, with longitudinal grooves. Leaf leathery. Odour, slight; taste, slightly astringent and bitter.

石韦 Pyrrosia lingua

叶片披针形或长圆披针形，长8～12cm，宽1～3cm。基部楔形，对称。孢子囊群在侧脉间，排列紧密而整齐。叶柄长5～10cm，直径约1.5mm。
Pyrrosia lingua: Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 8-12 cm long, 1-3 cm wide. Base cuneate, symmetrical. Sporangia arranged closely and neatly between lateral veins. Petiole 5-10 cm long, diameter about 1.5 mm.

有柄石韦 Pyrrosia petiolosa

叶片多卷曲呈筒状，展平后呈长圆形或卵状长圆形，长3～8cm，宽1～2.5cm。基部楔形，对称；下表面侧脉不明显，布满孢子囊群。叶柄长3～12cm，直径约1mm。
Leaves often curled and tubular, elongate-ovate or ovate-lanceolate when flattened, 3-8 cm long, 1-2.5 cm wide. Base cuneate, symmetrical; lower surface with indistinct lateral veins, covered with sporangia. Petiole 3-12 cm long, diameter about 1 mm.

鉴别 Identification

本品粉末黄棕色。星状毛体部7～12细胞，辐射状排列成上、下两轮，每个细胞呈披针形，顶端急尖，有的表面有纵向或不规则网状纹理；柄部1～9细胞。孢子囊环带细胞，表面观扁长方形。孢子极面观椭圆形，赤道面观肾形，外壁具疣状突起。叶下表皮细胞多角形，垂周壁连珠状增厚，气孔类圆形。纤维长梭形，胞腔内充满红棕色或棕色块状物。
Powder yellowish-brown. Stellate hairs consist of 7-12 cells, arranged radially in two layers, each cell lanceolate, apex acute, some surfaces with longitudinal or irregular reticulate texture; stalk consists of 1-9 cells. Cells of annulus elongated-rectangular in surface view. Spores elliptical in polar view, reniform in equatorial view, outer wall with wart-like projections. Epidermal cells of lower surface polygonal, walls thickened in bead-like pattern, stomata circular. Fibres elongated, lumina filled with reddish-brown or brownish blocks.

检查 Examination

杂质 Foreign matter

不得过3%（通则2301）。
Not more than 3.0 per cent <2301>.

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过7.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 7.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于18.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the hot maceration method>, using diluted ethanol as the solvent,not less than 18.0 per cent.

含量测定 Content determination

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for determination of content by high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-0.5%磷酸溶液（11:89）为流动相；检测波长为326nm。理论板数按绿原酸峰计算应不低于2000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the filler; use acetonitrile-0.5% phosphoric acid solution (11:89) as the mobile phase; detect at a wavelength of 326nm. The theoretical plate number calculated based on the peak of chlorogenic acid should not be less than 2000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取绿原酸对照品适量，精密称定，置棕色量瓶中，加50%甲醇制成每1ml含40μg的溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of chlorogenic acid reference substance, accurately weigh it, place it in a brown volumetric flask, add 50% methanol to make a solution containing 40μg per 1ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过二号筛）约0.2g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入50%甲醇25ml，称定重量，超声处理（功率300W，频率25kHz）45分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用50%甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 0.2g of the powder of this medicinal material (passed through a No. 2 sieve), accurately weigh it, place it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 25ml of 50% methanol, weigh it, subject it to ultrasonic treatment (power 300W, frequency 25kHz) for 45 minutes, let it cool, weigh it again, make up for the weight loss with 50% methanol, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate to obtain the test solution.

测定法 Determination method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately take 10μl of the reference solution and the test solution respectively, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine the content.

本品按干燥品计算，含绿原酸（C16H18O9）不得少于0.20%。
Calculated on the dried product, the content of chlorogenic acid (C16H18O9) should not be less than 0.20%.

饮片 Prepared slices

石韦 Pyrrosia lingua

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，洗净，切段，干燥，筛去细屑。
Eliminate Foreign matter,wash, cut into sections, and dry in the sun, sift to remove fine debris.

性状 Morphological characteristics

本品呈丝条状。上表面黄绿色或灰褐色，下表面密生红棕色星状毛。孢子囊群着生侧脉间或下表面布满孢子囊群。叶全缘。叶片革质。气微，味微涩苦。
The product is in the form of filament strips. The upper surface is yellowish green or greyish brown, the lower surface is densely covered with reddish brown stellate hairs. Sporangia are attached between lateral veins or the lower surface is covered with sporangia. Leaves entire. Leaf blade leathery. Slightly astringent and bitter in taste.

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

总灰分 Total ash

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

浸出物 Extractives

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

含量测定 Content determination

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

性 Property

微寒。
Slightly cold.

味 Flavor

甘、苦。
Sweet, and bitter,.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肺、膀胱经。
Lung and bladder meridians.

功能 Actions

利尿通淋，清肺止咳，凉血止血。
To promote diuresis and relieve stranguria, clear the lungs and stop coughing, cool the blood and stop bleeding.

主治 Indications

用于热淋，血淋，石淋，小便不通，淋沥涩痛，肺热喘咳，吐血，衄血，尿血，崩漏。
Used for hot stranguria, hematuria, urolithiasis, urinary obstruction, dribbling urination with pain, feverishness with cough, hematemesis, epistaxis, hematuria, and metrorrhagia.

用量 Dosage

6～12g。
6-12 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处。
Store in a well-ventilated and dry place.

石韦

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为水龙骨科植物庐山石韦Pyrrosia sheareri（Bak.）Ching、石韦Pyrrossia lingua（Thunb.）Farwell或有柄石韦
Pyrrossia petiolosa（Christ）Ching的干燥叶。全年均可采收，除去根茎和根，晒干或阴干。

性状 Description

庐山石韦 叶片略皱缩，展平后呈披针形，长10～25cm，宽3～5cm。先端渐尖，基部耳状偏斜，全缘，边缘常向内卷曲；上表面黄绿色或灰绿色，散布有黑色圆形小凹点；下表面密生红棕色星状毛，有的侧脉间布满棕色圆点状的孢子囊群。叶柄具四棱，长10～20cm，直径1.5～3mm，略扭曲，有纵槽。叶片革质。气微，味微涩苦。
Leaf of Pyrrosia sheareri Leaves slightly crumpled, when whole, lanceolate, 10-25 cm long, 3-5 cm wide, apex acuminate, base auriculate oblique, margin entire, edges usually rolled inwards. Upper surface yellowish-green or greyish-green, sparsely black rounded-Pitted； lower surface densely covered with reddish-brown stellate hairs, sometimes the area between the lateral veins completely covered with brown rounded-spotted sori. Stipes with 4 rihs, 10-20 cm long, 1. 5-3 mm in diameter, slightly twisted, grooved longitudinally. Leaf leathery. Odour, slight; taste, slightly astringent and bitter.

石韦 叶片披针形或长圆披针形，长8～12cm，宽1～3cm。基部楔形，对称。孢子囊群在侧脉间，排列紧密而整齐。叶柄长5～10cm，直径约1.5mm.
Leaf of Pyrrosia lingua Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 8-12 cm long, 1-3 cm wide, base cuneate and symmetrical. Sori closely and regularly arranged between the lateral veins. Stipes 5-10 cm long, about 1.5 mm in diameter.

有柄石韦 叶片多卷曲呈筒状，展平后呈长圆形或卵状长圆形，长3～8cm，宽1～2.5cm。基部楔形，对称；下表面侧脉不明显，布满孢子囊群。叶柄长3～12cm，直径约1mm。
Leaf of Pyrrosia petiolosa Leaves mostly rolled into a quill, when whole, oblong or ovate-oblong, 3-8 cm long, 1-2.5 cm wide, base cuneate and symmetrical. Lower surface with indistinct lateral veins and completely covered with sori. Stipes 3-12 cm long, about 1 mm in diameter.

鉴别 Identification

本品粉末黄棕色。星状毛体部7～12细胞，辐射状排列成上、下两轮，每个细胞呈披针形，顶端急尖，有的表面有纵向或不规则网状纹理；柄部1～9细胞。孢子囊环带细胞，表面观扁长方形。孢子极面观椭圆形，赤道面观肾形，外壁具疣状突起。叶下表皮细胞多角形，垂周壁连珠状增厚，气孔类圆形。纤维长梭形，胞腔内充满红棕色或棕色块状物。
Powder: Yellowish-brown. Stellate hairs with a 7-12 celled body, showing a radiate arrangement of upper and lower layers, cells lanceolate, apex acute. some with longitudinal or irregular reticulate striations on the surface; and a 1-9 celled stalk. Ring-shaped cells of sori flattened rectangular. Spores ellipsoidal in polar view and reniform in equatorial view, with warty walls. Lower epidermal cells of leaf polygonal, with beaded anticlinal walls and subrounded stomata. Fibres long fusiform, filled with reddish-brown or brown masses.

检查 Examination

杂质 Foreign matter

不得过3%（通则2301）。
Not more than 3 per cent <2301>.

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过7.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 7.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于18.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201, the hot extraction method>, using dilute ethanol TS as the solvent, not less than 18.0 per cent.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验
以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-0.5%磷酸溶液（11：89）为流动相；检测波长为326nm。理论板数按绿原酸峰计算应不低于2000。

对照品溶液的制备
取绿原酸对照品适量，精密称定，置棕色量瓶中，加50%甲醇制成每1ml含40μg的溶液，即得。

供试品溶液的制备
取本品粉末（过二号筛）约0.2g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入50%甲醇25ml，称定重量，超声处理（功率300W，频率25kHz）45分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用50%甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。

测定法 分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Procedure Inject accurately 10 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution, respectively, into the column, and calculate the content.

本品按干燥品计算，含绿原酸（C16H18O9）不得少于0.20%。
It contains not less than 0.20 per cent of chlorogenic acid (C16H18O9), calculated with reference to the dried drug.

饮片 Prepared slices

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，洗净，切段，干燥，筛去细屑。
Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, cut into sections, dry in the sun and sift.

本品呈丝条状。上表面黄绿色或灰褐色，下表面密生红棕色星状毛。孢子囊群着生侧脉间或下表面布满孢子囊群。叶全缘。叶片革质。气微，味微涩苦。
Slivers. Upper surface yellowish-green or greyish-green. Lower surface densely covered with reddish-brown stellate hairs, the area between the lateral veins or the lower surface covered with sori. Fronds entire. leathery. Odour, slight taste, slightly astringent and bitter.

性 Property

甘、苦，微寒。
Mild cold; sweet and bitter.

味 Flavor

微涩苦。
Slightly astringent and bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肺、膀胱经。
Lung and bladder meridians.

功能 Actions

利尿通淋，清肺止咳，凉血止血。
To disinhibit urine, relieve stranguria, clear the heat, suppress cough, cool the blood and stop bleeding.

主治 Indications

用于热淋，血淋，石淋，小便不通，淋沥涩痛，肺热喘咳，吐血，衄血，尿血，崩漏。
Heat strangury, blood strangury, stone strangury, urinary block, dribbling urination with chronic pain, panting and cough caused by lung-heat, hematemesis, epistaxis, hematuria, and menstrual flooding and spotting.

用量 Dosage

6～12g。
6-12 g.

用法 Administration

后下。
Add when the decoction is nearly done.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处。
Preserve in a ventilated and dry place.