月季花

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为蔷薇科植物月季Rosa chinensis Jacq.的干燥花。全年均可采收，花微开时采摘，阴干或低温干燥。
Chinese Rose Flower is the dried flower of Rosa chinensis Jacq. (Fam. Rosaceae). It can be collected throughout the year, picked when the flowers are slightly open, and dried in the shade or at low temperature.

性状 Description

本品呈类球形，直径1.5～2.5cm。花托长圆形，萼片5，暗绿色，先端尾尖；花瓣呈覆瓦状排列，有的散落，长圆形，紫红色或淡紫红色；雄蕊多数，黄色。体轻，质脆。气清香，味淡、微苦。
Flowers nearly globose, 1.5-2.5cm in diameter. Hypanthium oblong, calyx lobes 5, dark green, apically acuminate; petals imbricate, some scattered, oblong, purple-red or pale purple-red; stamens numerous, yellow. Light in weight, brittle in texture. Odour, fragrant; taste, slightly bitter.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末淡棕色。单细胞非腺毛有两种:一种较细长，多弯曲，长85～280μm，直径13～23μm；另一种粗长，先端尖或钝圆，长约至1200μm，直径38～65μm。花粉粒类球形，直径30～45μm，具3孔沟，表面有细密点状雕纹，有的中心有一圆形核状物。草酸钙簇晶直径19～40μm，棱角较短尖。花瓣上表皮细胞外壁突起，有细密脑纹状纹理；下表皮细胞垂周壁波状弯曲。
（1）The powder is light brown. Non-glandular trichomes are of two types: one is slender, often curved, 85-280μm long, 13-23μm in diameter; the other is stout, apically acute or obtuse, about 1200μm long, 38-65μm in diameter. Pollen grains are nearly globose, 30-45μm in diameter, with 3 furrows, surface with fine dot-like sculpture, some with a central nucleus-like body. Calcium oxalate cluster crystals are 19-40μm in diameter, with relatively short and sharp angles. Epidermal cells on the petals have papillate outer walls with fine reticulate striations; subepidermal cells have wavy walls in the tangential direction.

（2）取本品粉末1g，加70%甲醇20ml，超声处理40分钟，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取金丝桃苷对照品、异槲皮苷对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml各含0.4mg的混合溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各1μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以乙酸乙酯-甲酸-水（15:1:1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%硫酸乙醇溶液，在105℃加热数分钟，立即置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
（2）Take 1g of the powder, add 20ml of 70% methanol, sonicate for 40 minutes, filter, and take the filtrate as the test solution. Take rutin and quercitrin as reference substances, add methanol to make a mixed solution containing 0.4mg per ml of each substance as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of ethyl acetate, formic acid, and water (15:1:1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 1μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol, heat at 105°C for several minutes, and immediately examine under ultraviolet light at 365nm. The fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过5.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.

含量测定 Content determination

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the determination by high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-0.1%甲酸溶液（15:85）为流动相；检测波长为354nm。理论板数按金丝桃苷峰计算应不低于3000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the filler; use acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid solution (15:85) as the mobile phase; detect at a wavelength of 354nm. The theoretical plate number calculated based on the peak of hyperoside should not be less than 3000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取金丝桃苷对照品、异槲皮苷对照品适量，精密称定，加50%甲醇制成每1ml各含20μg的混合溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of hyperoside reference substance and quercitrin reference substance, accurately weigh, add 50% methanol to make a mixed solution containing 20μg of each per 1ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过四号筛）约0.2g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入50%甲醇25ml，密塞，称定重量，加热回流1小时，放冷，再称定重量，用50%甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 0.2g of the powder of this product (passed through a No. 4 sieve), accurately weigh, place it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 25ml of 50% methanol, seal tightly, weigh, heat reflux for 1 hour, cool, weigh again, make up for the lost weight with 50% methanol, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate.

测定法 Determination method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各20μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately draw 20μl of the reference solution and the test solution, respectively, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品按干燥品计算，含金丝桃苷（C21H20O12）和异槲皮苷（C21H20O12）的总量不得少于0.38%。
Calculated on the dried product, the total content of hyperoside (C21H20O12) and quercitrin (C21H20O12) should not be less than 0.38%.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

甘。
Sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝经。
Liver meridian.

功能 Actions

活血调经，疏肝解郁。
Promote blood circulation and regulate menstruation, soothe the liver and relieve depression.

主治 Indications

用于气滞血瘀，月经不调，痛经，闭经，胸胁胀痛。
Used for qi stagnation and blood stasis, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, and distending pain in the chest and hypochondrium.

用量 Dosage

3～6g。
3-6g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，防压、防蛀。
Preserve in a cool and dry place, protect from pressure and moth.

月季花

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为蔷薇科植物月季Rosa chinensis Jacq.的干燥花。全年均可采收，花微开时采摘，阴干或低温干燥。
Chinese Rose Flower is the dried flower of Rosa chinensis Jacq. (Fam. Rosaceae). The drug is collected all year round, starting from the early stage of flowering, and dried in the shade or at a low temperature.

性状 Description

本品呈类球形，直径1.5～2.5cm。花托长圆形，萼片5，暗绿色，先端尾尖；花瓣呈覆瓦状排列，有的散落，长圆形，紫红色或淡紫红色；雄蕊多数，黄色。体轻，质脆。气清香，味淡、微苦。
Subspherical, 1.5-2.5 cm in diameter. receptacle oblong; calyx 5, dark green, with acuminate apex; petals imbricated, sometimes fallen off, oblong, purplish-red or pale purplish-red; stamens numerous, yellow. Texture light and fragile. Odour, delicately aromatic; taste, weak and slightly bitter.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末淡棕色。单细胞非腺毛有两种：一种较细长，多弯曲，长85～280μm，直径13～23μm；另一种粗长，先端尖或钝圆，长约至1200μm，直径38～65μm。花粉粒类球形，直径30～45μm，具3孔沟，表面有细密点状雕纹，有的中心有一圆形核状物。草酸钙簇晶直径19～40μm，棱角较短尖。花瓣上表皮细胞外壁突起，有细密脑纹状纹理；下表皮细胞垂周壁波状弯曲。
（2）取本品粉末1g，加70%甲醇20ml，超声处理40分钟，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取金丝桃苷对照品、异槲皮苷对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml各含0.4mg的混合溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各1μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以乙酸乙酯-甲酸-水（15：1：1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%硫酸乙醇溶液，在l05℃加热数分钟，立即置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832）第二法。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过5.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，防压、防蛀。
Preserve in a cool and dry place, and protect from press and moth.

饮片 Prepared slices

月季花 Chinese Rose Flower

用法 Administration

3～6g。
3-6 g.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

甘。
Sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝经。
Liver meridian.

功能 Actions

活血调经，疏肝解郁。
To activate blood, regulate menstruation, soothe the liver and resolve depression.

主治 Indications

用于气滞血瘀，月经不调，痛经，闭经，胸胁胀痛。
Qi stagnation, blood stasis, menstrual irregularities, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, and distending pain in the chest and hypochondrium.

用量 Dosage

3～6g。
3-6 g.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，防压、防蛀。
Preserve in a cool and dry place, and protect from press and moth.