天竺黄

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为禾本科植物青皮竹Bambusa textilis McClure或华思劳竹Schizostachyum chinense Rendle等秆内的分泌液干燥后的块状物。秋、冬二季采收。
Siliceous Secretion of Bamboo Nodes is the dried secretion of the nodes of Bambusa textilis McClure or Schizostachyum chinense Rendle (Fam. Gramineae). The drug is collected in autumn and winter.

性状 Description

本品为不规则的片块或颗粒，大小不一。表面灰蓝色、灰黄色或灰白色，有的洁白色，半透明，略带光泽。体轻，质硬而脆，易破碎，吸湿性强。气微，味淡。
Irregular pieces or granules of variable size. Surface greyish-blue, greyish-yellow or greyish-white, some pieces white, translucent, slightly lustrous. Light in weight, hard and brittle, easily broken, hygroscopic. Odour, slight; taste, weak.

鉴别 Identification

（1）取本品适量，炽灼灰化后，残渣加醋酸2滴使湿润，滴加钼酸铵试液1滴与硫酸亚铁试液1滴，残渣即显蓝色。
(1) Take an appropriate amount of the drug, incinerate to ash, moisten the residue with 2 drops of acetic acid, add 1 drop of ammonium molybdate TS and 1 drop of ferrous sulfate TS, the residue turns blue.

（2）取本品粉末2 g，加盐酸10 ml，振摇2分钟，滤过，取滤液备用。取滤纸1片，加亚铁氰化钾试液1滴，待干后，同一斑点上滴加滤液1滴，再缓缓滴加水10滴、0.1%茜素红的乙醇溶液1滴，置氨蒸气中熏后，滤纸上可见紫色或蓝紫色环，环中显红色。
(2) Take 2 g of the powder, add 10 ml of hydrochloric acid, shake for 2 minutes, filter, and set aside the filtrate. Take a piece of filter paper, add 1 drop of potassium ferrocyanide TS, let it dry, add 1 drop of the filtrate to the same spot, then slowly add 10 drops of water and 1 drop of 0.1% alizarin red ethanol solution, fumigate with ammonia vapor, a purple or bluish-purple ring can be seen on the filter paper, and red appears in the ring.

（3）取本品粉末1 g，置20 ml气相顶空进样瓶或其他耐压容器中，加6 mol/L盐酸溶液10 ml，加盖密封，置水浴中加热2小时，取出，放冷，离心，取上清液，蒸干，残渣加稀乙醇2 ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取天竺黄对照药材1 g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取亮氨酸对照品、丙氨酸对照品，分别加稀乙醇制成每1 ml各含0.5 mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述四种溶液各2 μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以正丁醇-冰醋酸-水（19∶5∶5）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以茚三酮试液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰，置日光下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱及对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
(3) Take 1 g of the powder, place it in a 20 ml headspace vial or other pressure-resistant container, add 10 ml of 6 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, cover and seal, heat in a water bath for 2 hours, remove, cool, centrifuge, take the supernatant, evaporate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 2 ml of dilute ethanol, and use it as the test solution. Take 1 g of the reference drug of Siliceous Secretion of Bamboo Nodes, and prepare the reference drug solution by the same method. Take leucine reference substance and alanine reference substance, respectively, and prepare solutions containing 0.5 mg per ml with dilute ethanol as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of n-butanol, glacial acetic acid and water (19:5:5) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 2 μl of each of the above four solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a solution of ninhydrin, heat at 105°C to the spots clear. Examine under daylight. The spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatograms obtained with the reference drug solution and the reference solution.

检查 Examination

体积比 Volume ratio

取本品中粉10 g，轻轻装入量筒内，体积不得少于24 ml。
Take 10 g of the powder of this medicinal material, gently fill it into a measuring cylinder, and the volume should not be less than 24 ml.

吸水量 Water absorption

取本品5 g，加水50 ml，放置片刻，用湿润后的滤纸滤过，所得滤液不得过44 ml。
Take 5 g of this medicinal material, add 50 ml of water, let it stand for a moment, filter it with a moistened filter paper, and the filtrate should not exceed 44 ml.

性 Property

寒。
Cold.

毒性 Toxicity

无。
None.

味 Flavor

甘。
Sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归心、肝经。
Heart and liver meridians.

功能 Actions

清热豁痰，凉心定惊。
To clear heat and resolve phlegm, cool the heart and calm convulsions.

主治 Indications

用于热病神昏，中风痰迷，小儿痰热惊痫、抽搐、夜啼。
It is used in fever and dizziness, stroke and phlegm disorientation, paediatric phlegm-heat epilepsy, convulsions, and nocturnal cries.

用量 Dosage

3～9 g。
3-9 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

密闭，置干燥处。
Store in a sealed container in a dry place.

天竺黄

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为禾本科植物青皮竹Bambusa textilis McClure或华思劳竹Schizostachyum chinese Rendle等秆内的分泌液干燥后的块状物。秋、冬二季采收。
Tabasheer is the dried masses of secretion in stem of Bambusa textilis McClure or Schizostach yum chinense Rendle (Fam. Gramineae). The drug is collected in autumn and winter.

性状 Description

本品为不规则的片块或颗粒，大小不一。表面灰蓝色、灰黄色或灰白色，有的洁白色，半透明，略带光泽。体轻，质硬而脆，易破碎，吸湿性强。气微，味淡。
Irregular pieces or granules, varying in size. Externally greyish-blue, greyish-yellow or greyish-white, some pure white, translucent, somewhat lustrous. Texture light, hard and fragile, easily broken; strongly hygroscopic. Odour, slight; taste, weak.

鉴别 Identification

（1）取本品适量，炽灼灰化后，残渣加醋酸2滴使湿润，滴加钼酸铵试液1滴与硫酸亚铁试液1滴，残渣即显蓝色。
（2）取本品粉末2g，加盐酸10ml，振摇2分钟，滤过，取滤液备用。取滤纸1片，加亚铁氰化钾试液1滴，待干后，同一斑点上滴加滤液1滴，再缓缓滴加水10滴、0.1%茜素红的乙醇溶液1滴，置氨蒸气中熏后，滤纸上可见紫色或蓝紫色环，环中显红色。

检查 Examination

体积比 Volume ratio

取本品中粉10g，轻轻装入量筒内，体积不得少于24ml。
Place gently 10 g of powder of medium size to a measuring cylinder, the volume is not less than 24 ml.

吸水量 Water absorbing capacity

取本品5g，加水50ml，放置片刻，用湿润后的滤纸滤过，所得滤液不得过44ml。
To 5 g of the powder add 50 ml of water, allow stand for a moment, filter through moistened filter paper, the filtrate is not more than 44 ml.

性 Property

寒。
Cold.

味 Flavor

甘。
Sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归心、肝经。
Heart and liver meridians.

功能 Actions

清热豁痰，凉心定惊。
To clear heat, sweep phlegm, cool the heart and settle convulsion.

主治 Indications

用于热病神昏，中风痰迷，小儿痰热惊痫、抽搐、夜啼。
Loss of consciousness in heat disease, wind-stroke with phlegm clouding the heart, infantile phlegm-heat seicures, convulsions, and night crying.

用量 Dosage

3～9g。
3-9 g.

用法 Administration

无特殊要求。
No special requirements.

贮藏 Storage

密闭，置干燥处。
Preserve in well closed containers, and store in a dry place.