金樱子

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: *Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) *

概述 Overview

本品为蔷薇科植物金樱子Rosa laevigata Michx.的干燥成熟果实。10～11月果实成熟变红时采收，干燥，除去毛刺。
Rosae Laevigatae Fructus is the dried mature fruit of Rosa laevigata Michx. (Fam. Rosaceae). The fruit is collected in October to November when it is ripe and turns red, then dried and the prickles are removed.

性状 Description

本品为花托发育而成的假果，呈倒卵形，长2～3.5 cm，直径1～2 cm。表面红黄色或红棕色，有突起的棕色小点，系毛刺脱落后的残基。顶端有盘状花萼残基，中央有黄色柱基，下部渐尖。质硬。切开后，花托壁厚1～2 mm，内有多数坚硬的小瘦果，内壁及瘦果均有淡黄色绒毛。气微，味甘、微涩。
The drug is a false fruit formed by the development of the receptacle, inverted ovate, 2-3.5 cm long, 1-2 cm in diameter. Surface red-yellow or reddish-brown, with brownish dots, representing the remains of prickles. Apex with disc-shaped calyx remains, central with yellow style base, gradually tapering towards the base. Texture hard. When cut open, the receptacle wall is 1-2 mm thick, containing numerous hard achenes, and both the inner wall and the achenes are covered with pale yellow hairs. Odour, slight; taste, sweet and slightly astringent.

鉴别 Identification

（1）花托壁横切面：外表皮细胞类方形或略径向延长，外壁及侧壁增厚，角质化；表皮上的刺痕纵切面细胞径向延长。皮层薄壁细胞壁稍厚，纹孔明显，含有油滴，并含橙黄色物，有的含草酸钙方晶和簇晶；纤维束散生于近皮层外侧；维管束多存在于皮层中部和内侧，外韧型，韧皮部外侧有纤维束，导管散在或呈放射状排列。内表皮细胞长方形，内壁增厚，角质化；有木化的非腺毛或具残基。
（1）Transverse section of receptacle wall: Outer epidermal cells subsquare or slightly radially elongated, with thickened and cutinized outer and lateral walls; cells of bristle scars on epidermis in longitudinal section radially elongated. Parenchymatous cells with slightly thickened and distinctly pitted walls, containing oil droplets and orange-yellow contents, some conta1ning prisms and clusters of calcium oxalate; fibre bundles scattered in nearly the outer part of cortex, collateral vascular bundles mostly situated in the central part of cortex, with fibre bundles outside the phloem, vessels scattered or radially arranged. Inner epidermal cells rectangular, with thickened and cutinized inner walls; non-glandular hairs lignified or their remains visible.

花托粉末淡肉红色。非腺毛单细胞或多细胞，长505～1836 μm，直径16～31 μm，壁木化或微木化，表面常有螺旋状条纹，胞腔内含黄棕色物。表皮细胞多角形，壁厚，内含黄棕色物。草酸钙方晶多见，长方形或不规则形，直径16～39 μm；簇晶少见，直径27～66 μm。螺纹导管、网纹导管、环纹导管及具缘纹孔导管直径8～20 μm。薄壁细胞多角形，木化，具纹孔，含黄棕色物。纤维梭形或条形，黄色，长至1071 μm，直径16～20 μm，壁木化。树脂块不规则形，黄棕色，半透明。
Powder of receptacle: Pale flesh-coloured. Non-glandular hairs of 1 or more cellular, 505-1836 μm long, 16-31 μmin diameter, with lignified or slightly lignified walls and spiral

（2）取本品粉末2 g，加乙醇30 ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加水20 ml使溶解，用乙酸乙酯振摇提取2次，每次30 ml，合并乙酸乙酯液，蒸干，残渣加甲醇2 ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取金樱子对照药材2 g，同法制成对照药材溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各2 μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以三氯甲烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-甲酸（5：5：1：0.1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%硫酸乙醇溶液，在105 °C加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
（2）To 2 g of the powder add 30 ml of ethanol, treat with ultrasound for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 20 ml of water, extract with two 30-ml portions of ethyl acetate, combine the ethyl acetate extracts, evaporate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 2 ml of methanol as the test solution. Prepare a solution of the reference drug of Rosa laevigatae Fructus in the same manner as the test solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using chloroform-ethyl acetate-methanol-formic acid (5: 5: 1: 0.1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 2 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol, heat at 105 °C to the spots clear. The spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过18.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 18.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过5.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.

含量测定 Assay

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取经105 °C干燥至恒重的无水葡萄糖60 mg，精密称定，置100 ml量瓶中，加水溶解并稀释至刻度，摇匀，即得（每1 ml中含无水葡萄糖0.6 mg）。
Weigh accurately 60 mg of anhydrous glucose previously dried to constant weight at 105 °C in a 100 ml volumetric flask, add water to dissolve and dilute to volume (to produce a solution containing anhydrous glucose 0. 6 mg per ml).

标准曲线的制备 ｜ Preparation of standard curves

精密量取对照品溶液0.5 ml、1.0 ml、1.5 ml、2.0 ml、2.5 ml，分别置50 ml量瓶中，各加水至刻度，摇匀。分别精密量取上述溶液2 ml，置具塞试管中，各精密加4%苯酚溶液1 ml，混匀，迅速精密加入硫酸7 ml，摇匀，置40 °C水浴中保温30分钟，取出，置冰水浴中放置5分钟，取出，以相应试剂为空白，照紫外-可见分光光度法（通则0401），在490 nm的波长处测定吸光度，以吸光度为纵坐标，浓度为横坐标，绘制标准曲线。
Transfer accurately 0. 5, 1. 0, 1. 5, 2. 0, 2. 5 ml of the reference solution to 50 ml volumetric flask respectively, add water to the volume, mix well. Transfer accurately 2 ml each of the above solutions to stopper tubes, add respectively 1 ml of 4% solution of phenol, mix well, add rapidly 7. 0 ml of sulfuric acid, mix well, warm on a water bath at 40 °C for 30 minutes, take out and keep in an ice bath for 5 minutes. Carry out the method for ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry <0401>, using the corresponding solution as the blank, measure the absorbance at 490 nm, and plot the calibration curve with the absorbance as ordinate and the concentration as abscissa.

测定法 Assay method

取金樱子肉粗粉约0.5 g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加水50 ml，称定重量，静置1小时，加热回流1小时，放冷，再称定重量，用水补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，精密量取续滤液1 ml，置100 ml量瓶中，加水至刻度，摇匀，精密量取25 ml，置50 ml量瓶中，加水至刻度，摇匀，精密量取2 ml，置具塞试管中，照标准曲线的制备项下的方法，自“各精密加4%苯酚溶液1 ml”起，依法测定吸光度，从标准曲线上读出供试品溶液中金樱子多糖的重量（μg），计算，即得。
Weigh accurately 0.5 g of the coarse powder of the pulp of Rosae Laevigatae Fructus in a conical flask, add accurately 50 ml of water, weigh again, allow to stand for 1 hour, heat under reflux for 1 hour, allow to cool, weigh again, add water to the initial weight, mix well, filter, transfer accurately 1 ml of the successive filtrate to a 100 ml volumetric flask, add water to the volume, shake well, transfer accurately 25 ml of the solution to a 50 ml volumetric flask, add water to the volume, mix well, transfer accurately 2 ml of it to a stopper tube. Measure the absorbance, as described under calibration standard, beginning at the words " add respectively 1 ml of 4% solution of phenol", read and calculate the weight (μg) of Rosae Laevigatae Fructus polysaccharide in the test solution from the calibration curve.

本品金樱子肉按干燥品计算，含金樱子多糖以无水葡萄糖（C6H12O6）计，不得少于25.0%。
It contains not less than 25. 0 per cent of polysaccharide, calculated as anhydrous glucose (C6H12O6) with reference to the dried drug.

饮片 Prepared slices

金樱子 Rosae Laevigatae Fructus

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，喷淋清水，稍润，切段，干燥。
Eliminate Foreign matter, spray with Water, soften briefly, cut into sections, and dry in the sun.

性状 ｜ Description

本品呈倒卵形纵剖瓣。表面红黄色或红棕色，有突起的棕色小点。顶端有花萼残基，下部渐尖。花托壁厚1-2 mm，内面淡黄色，残存淡黄色绒毛。气微，味甘、微涩。
Obovate longitudinal cutting pedal. Externally reddishyellow or reddish brown, with raised small scars. A calyx remained at the apex, the lower part gradually tapered.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

同药材，不得过16.0%。
Not more than 16.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.

鉴别 ｜ Identification

同药材。
As required for the crude drug.

含量测定 ｜ Assay

同药材。
As required for the crude drug.

性 Property

平。
Neutral.

味 Flavor

酸、甘、涩。
Sour, sweet, and astringent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肾、膀胱、大肠经。
Kidney, bladder, and large intestine meridians.

功能 Actions

固精缩尿，固崩止带，涩肠止泻。
To consolidate the essence and astringe urine, to consolidate the collapse and arrest excessive leukorrhea, and to astringe the intestines and stop diarrhea.

主治 Indications

用于遗精滑精，遗尿尿频，崩漏带下，久泻久痢。
Used for spermatorrhea, enuresis with frequent urination, excessive leukorrhea, and chronic diarrhea and dysentery.

用量 Dosage

6～12 g。
6-12 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处，防蛀。
Preserve in a well-ventilated and dry place, protected from moth.

金樱子

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为蔷薇科植物金樱子Rosa laevigata Michx.的干燥成熟果实。10～11月果实成熟变红时采收，干燥，除去毛刺。
Cherokee Rose Fruit is the dried ripe fruit of Rosa laevigata Michx. (Fam. Rosaceae). The drug is collected from October to November when the fruit turns red, dried, and removed from bristle.

性状 Description

本品为花托发育而成的假果，呈倒卵形，长2～3.5cm，直径1～2cm。表面红黄色或红棕色，有突起的棕色小点，系毛刺脱落后的残基。顶端有盘状花萼残基，中央有黄色柱基，下部渐尖。质硬。切开后，花托壁厚1～2mm，内有多数坚硬的小瘦果，内壁及瘦果均有淡黄色绒毛。气微，味甘、微涩。
Pseudo carp developed from receptacle, obovoid, 2-3.5 cm long, 1-2 cm in diameter. Externally reddish-yellow or reddish-brown with raised brown small scars of the fallen bristles. A dish-like calyx remained at the apex, with a yellow style base in the middle and the lower part gradually tapered. Texture hard. On cutting, the walls of receptacle 1-2 mm thick, with numerous hard small achenes inside, the inner surface of receptacle and achenes with yellowish tomenta. Odour, slight; taste, sweet and slightly astringent.

鉴别 Identification

（1）花托壁横切面：外表皮细胞类方形或略径向延长，外壁及侧壁增厚，角质化；表皮上的刺痕纵切面细胞径向延长。皮层薄壁细胞壁稍厚，纹孔明显，含有油滴，并含橙黄色物，有的含草酸钙方晶和簇晶；纤维束散生于近皮层外侧；维管束多存在于皮层中部和内侧，外韧型，韧皮部外侧有纤维束，导管散在或呈放射状排列。内表皮细胞长方形，内壁增厚，角质化；有木化的非腺毛或具残基。
花托粉末淡肉红色。非腺毛单细胞或多细胞，长505～1836µm，直径16～31µm，壁木化或微木化，表面常有螺旋状条纹，胞腔内含黄棕色物。表皮细胞多角形，壁厚，内含黄棕色物。草酸钙方晶多见，长方形或不规则形，直径16～39µm；簇晶少见，直径27～66µm。螺纹导管、网纹导管、环纹导管及具缘纹孔导管直径8～20µm。薄壁细胞多角形，木化，具纹孔，含黄棕色物。纤维梭形或条形，黄色，长至1071µm，直径 16～20µm，壁木化。树脂块不规则形，黄棕色，半透明。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过18.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 18.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过5.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.

含量测定 Assay

对照品溶液的制备
取经105℃干燥至恒重的无水葡萄糖60mg，精密称定，置100ml量瓶中，加水溶解并稀释至刻度，摇匀，即得（每1ml中含无水葡萄糖0.6mg）。

性 Property

平。
Neutral.

味 Flavor

酸、甘、涩。
Sour, sweet, and astringent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肾、膀胱、大肠经。
Kidney, bladder, and large intestine meridians.

功能 Actions

固精缩尿，固崩止带，涩肠止泻。
To secure essence, reduce urination, secure menstrual flooding, relieve abnormal vaginal discharge, astringe the intestines, and stop diarrhea.

主治 Indications

用于遗精滑精，遗尿尿频，崩漏带下，久泻久痢。
Seminal emission, spermatorrhea, enuresis, frequent urination, menstrual flooding and spotting, abnormal vaginal discharge, chronic diarrhea, and chronic dysentery.

用量 Dosage

6～12 g。
6-12 g.

用法 Administration

后下。
Add when the decoction is nearly done.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处，防蛀。
Preserve in a ventilated and dry place, and protect from moth.