儿茶

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为豆科植物儿茶Acacia catechu（L.f.）Willd.的去皮枝、干的干燥煎膏。冬季采收枝、干，除去外皮，砍成大块，加水煎煮，浓缩，干燥。
Catechu is the dried decoction of the peeled branches of Acacia catechu (L.f.) Willd. (Fam. Leguminosae). The drug is collected in winter, the branches are dried, the outer bark is removed, the branches are cut into large pieces, boiled with water, concentrated, and dried.

性状 Description

本品呈方形或不规则块状，大小不一。表面棕褐色或黑褐色，光滑而稍有光泽。质硬，易碎，断面不整齐，具光泽，有细孔，遇潮有黏性。气微，味涩、苦，略回甜。
The drug occurs as square or irregular blocks of varying size. The surface is brownish or blackish-brown, smooth and slightly lustrous. Texture hard, brittle; fracture uneven, lustrous, with fine pores; sticky when moistened. Odour, slight; taste, astringent, bitter, slightly sweet aftertaste.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末棕褐色。可见针状结晶及黄棕色块状物。
(1) The powder is brownish. Needle-shaped crystals and yellow-brownish block-like substances are visible.

（2）取火柴杆浸于本品水浸液中，使轻微着色，待干燥后，再浸入盐酸中立即取出，置火焰附近烘烤，杆上即显深红色。
(2) Immerse a matchstick in the aqueous extract of the drug, allow it to become slightly coloured, remove it from the extract, dry it, immerse it immediately in hydrochloric acid, and hold it near a flame. The stick becomes deep red.

（3）取本品粉末0.5g，加乙醚30ml，超声处理10分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加甲醇5ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取儿茶素对照品、表儿茶素对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml各含0.2mg的混合溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液5μl、对照品溶液2μl，分别点于同一纤维素预制板上，以正丁醇-醋酸-水（3:2:1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%硫酸乙醇溶液，加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同的红色斑点。
(3) Take 0.5g of the powder, add 30ml of ether, treat with ultrasound for 10 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 5ml of methanol as the test solution. Take catechin CRS and epicatechin CRS, dissolve them in methanol to produce a mixed solution containing 0.2mg of each per ml as the Reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using a pre-coated cellulose plate as the coating substance and a mixture of n-butanol, acetic acid, and water (3:2:1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 5μl of the test solution and 2μl of the Reference solution. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol, heat until the spots become clear. The red spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position to the spots in the chromatogram obtained with the Reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过17.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 17.0 per cent <0832,method 4>.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Determine by high-performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以0.04mol/L枸橼酸溶液-N，N-二甲基甲酰胺-四氢呋喃（45∶8∶2）为流动相；检测波长为280nm；柱温35℃。理论板数按儿茶素峰计算应不低于3000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the filler; use 0.04mol/L citric acid solution-N,N-dimethylformamide-tetrahydrofuran (45:8:2) as the mobile phase; detect at a wavelength of 280nm; column temperature 35°C. The theoretical plate number calculated based on the peak of catechins should not be less than 3000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取儿茶素对照品、表儿茶素对照品，精密称定，加甲醇-水（1∶1）混合溶液分别制成每1ml含儿茶素0.15mg、表儿茶素0.1mg的溶液，即得。
Take the reference substance of catechins and the reference substance of epicatechins, accurately weigh, and prepare a solution containing 0.15mg of catechins and 0.1mg of epicatechins per 1ml with a mixture of methanol and water (1:1).

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品细粉约20mg，精密称定，置50ml量瓶中，加甲醇-水（1∶1）混合溶液40ml，超声处理20分钟，并加甲醇-水（1∶1）混合溶液至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 20mg of the powder of this product, accurately weigh, place it in a 50ml volumetric flask, add 40ml of a mixture of methanol and water (1:1), ultrasonicate for 20 minutes, and add a mixture of methanol and water (1:1) to the mark. Shake well, filter, and take the filtrate.

测定法 Assay method

分别精密吸取上述两种对照品溶液与供试品溶液各5μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately take 5μl of the above two types of reference solution and the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品含儿茶素（C15H14O6）和表儿茶素（C15H14O6）的总量不得少于21.0%。
The total content of catechins (C15H14O6) and epicatechins (C15H14O6) in this product should not be less than 21.0%.

饮片 Prepared slices

儿茶 Catechu

炮制 Processing

用时打碎。
Smash when used.

性 Property

微寒。
Slightly cold.

味 Flavor

苦、涩。
Bitter, astringent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肺、心经。
Lung and heart meridians.

功能 Actions

活血止痛，止血生肌，收湿敛疮，清肺化痰。
Promote blood circulation and relieve pain, stop bleeding and promote tissue regeneration, astringe dampness and heal sores, clear the lungs and transform phlegm.

主治 Indications

用于跌扑伤痛，外伤出血，吐血衄血，疮疡不敛，湿疹、湿疮，肺热咳嗽。
Used for injuries from falls and blows, external bleeding, vomiting blood and nosebleeds, non-healing sores, eczema and damp sores, and lung heat cough.

用量 Dosage

1～3g。
1-3g.

用法 Administration

包煎；多入丸散服。外用适量。
Decocted in a packet; taken as pills or powder. For external use, use an appropriate amount.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处，防潮。
Store in a dry place, moisture-proof.

儿茶

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为豆科植物儿茶Acacia catechu（L.f.）Willd.的去皮枝、干的干燥煎膏。冬季采收枝、干，除去外皮，砍成大块，加水煎煮，浓缩，干燥。
Cutch or Black Catechu is the dried concentrated decoction prepared from the peeled branch and stem of Acacia catechu (L. f.) Willd. (Fam. Leguminosae). The branch and stem are collected in winter, peeled, cut into big pieces, decocted with water. The decoction is concentrated, and dried.

性状 Description

本品呈方形或不规则块状，大小不一。表面棕褐色或黑褐色，光滑而稍有光泽。质硬，易碎，断面不整齐，具光泽，有细孔，遇潮有黏性。气微，味涩、苦，略回甜。
Square or irregular masses, varying in size. Externally brown or blackish-brown, smooth and somewhat lustrous. Texture hard, easily broken; fracture uneven, lustrous, porous, sticky when moistened. Odour, slight; taste, astringent, bitter and then sweet.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末棕褐色。可见针状结晶及黄棕色块状物。
（2）取火柴杆浸于本品水浸液中，使轻微着色，待干燥后，再浸入盐酸中立即取出，置火焰附近烘烤，杆上即显深红色。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过17.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Not more than 17.0 per cent <0832, method 4>.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic system and system suitability

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以0.04mol/L枸橼酸溶液-N，N-二甲基甲酰胺-四氢呋喃（45：8：2）为流动相；检测波长为280nm；柱温35℃。理论板数按儿茶素峰计算应不低于3000。
Chromatographic system and system suitability: Use octa-decylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase and a mixture of 0.04 mol/L citric acid, N, N-dimethyl-formamide and tetrahydrofuran (45:8:2) as the mobile phase. As detector a spectrophotometer set at 280 nm and temperature of the column is 35℃. The number of the theoretical plates of the column is not less than 3000, calculated with reference to the peak of catechin.

对照品溶液的制备 Reference solution

取儿茶素对照品、表儿茶素对照品，精密称定，加甲醇-水（1：1）混合溶液分别制成每1ml含儿茶素0.15mg、表儿茶素0.1mg的溶液，即得。
Dissolve catechin and epicatechin, accurately weighed, in a mixture of methanol-water (1:1) to produce a mixture containing 0.15 mg of catechin and 0.1 mg of epicatechin per ml, mix well.

供试品溶液的制备 Test solution

取本品细粉约20mg，精密称定，置50ml量瓶中，加甲醇-水（1：1）混合溶液40ml，超声处理20分钟，并加甲醇-水（1：1）混合溶液至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Dissolve 20 mg of the powder, accurately weighed, in 40 ml of 50% methanol in a 50 ml volumetric flask and ultrasonic ate for 20 minutes, dilute with 50% methanol to volume, filter through 0.45 μm, and use the successive filtrate as the test solution.

测定法 Procedure

分别精密吸取上述两种对照品溶液与供试品溶液各5μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Inject accurately 5 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution respectively into the column, and calculate the contents.

本品含儿茶素（C15H14O6）和表儿茶素（C15H14O6）的总量不得少于21.0%。
It contains not less than 21.0 per cent of the total amount of catechin (C15H14O6) and epicatechin (C15H14O6).

饮片 Prepared slices

儿茶 Cutch

炮制 Processing

用时打碎。
Break into pieces before use.

性 Property

微寒。
Mild cold.

味 Flavor

苦、涩。
Bitter, astringent.

归经 Meridian tropism

脾、心经。
Spleen and heart meridians.

功能 Actions

活血止痛，止血生肌，收湿敛疮，清肺化痰。
To activate blood, relieve pain, stanch bleeding, promote tissue regeneration, dispel dampness, promote wound healing, clear lung and resolve phlegm.

主治 Indications

用于跌扑伤痛，外伤出血，吐血衄血，疮疡不敛，湿疹、湿疮，肺热咳嗽。
Pain caused by traumatic injuries, traumatic bleeding, hematemesis, epistaxis, unhealed sore, ulcer, eczema and damp sore, and cough caused by lung heat.

用量 Dosage

1~3g。
1-3 g.

用法 Administration

包煎；多人丸散服。外用适量。
Wrap-boiling. Usually used in pills or powder. Appropriate amount for topical application.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处，防潮。
Preserve in a dry place, and protect from moisture.