羊奶果，中药名。为胡颓子科植物攀援胡颓子ElaeagnussarmentosaRehd.的全株。分布于广西西部、云南等地。具有止咳平喘，止泻，止血，活血消肿之功效。常用于久咳，哮喘，腹泻，吐血，咯血，黄疸，风湿痹痛，跌打瘀肿，咽喉肿痛。
Yang-nai-guo, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the whole plant of Elaeagnus sarmentosa Rehd. of the family Elaeagnaceae, is distributed in western Guangxi and Yunnan. It is known for its effects in relieving cough, asthma, diarrhea, and hemorrhage, as well as promoting blood circulation and reducing swelling. It is commonly used for chronic cough, asthma, diarrhea, vomiting blood, spitting blood, jaundice, rheumatic pain, bruises, and sore throat.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

止咳平喘，止泻，止血，活血消肿。
Relieve cough and asthma, stop diarrhea, control bleeding, promote blood circulation, and reduce swelling.

主治 Indications

久咳，哮喘，腹泻，吐血，咯血，黄疸，风湿痹痛，跌打瘀肿，咽喉肿痛。
Chronic cough, asthma, diarrhea, vomiting blood, coughing up blood, jaundice, rheumatic pain, bruises from falls, and sore throat.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，15-30g。
Internal administration: Decoction, 15-30g.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《全国中草药汇编》：“止咳平喘，收敛止泻。主治哮喘，虚咳，慢性支气管炎，肠炎，腹泻，跌打肿痛，风湿疼痛，黄疸，吐血，咯血，咽喉肿痛，感冒，小儿惊风，疮癣。”
"Encyclopedia of Chinese Herbal Medicine": "Effective for relieving cough, asthma, and diarrhea. It is used to treat asthma, chronic bronchitis, enteritis, diarrhea, bruises, rheumatic pain, jaundice, vomiting blood, hemoptysis, sore throat, colds, infantile convulsions, and skin diseases."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1. 治哮喘，虚咳，慢性支气管炎：羊奶果叶15g，枇杷叶（去毛）15g，红糖适量。水煎服。（《红河中草药》）

   1. For treating asthma, chronic cough, and chronic bronchitis: 15g of sheep milk fruit leaves, 15g of loquat leaves (without hair), and appropriate amount of brown sugar. Decoct in water and take orally. (From "Red River Chinese Herbal Medicine")

2. 治肠炎，腹泻：羊奶果实3-9g。水煎服。（《红河中草药》）
   2. For treating enteritis and diarrhea: 3-9g of sheep milk fruit. Decoct in water and take orally. (From "Red River Chinese Herbal Medicine")

3. 治跌打肿痛，风湿疼痛，黄疸：羊奶果根15-30g。水煎服。（《红河中草药》）
   3. For treating bruises, rheumatic pain, and jaundice: 15-30g of sheep milk fruit roots. Decoct in water and take orally. (From "Red River Chinese Herbal Medicine")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：2-3月采收成熟果实，晒干；夏、秋季采挖根，切片晒干；叶全年均可采，鲜用或晒干。
Harvest and process: Harvest mature fruits in February to March and sun-dry them; dig and harvest roots in summer and autumn, slice them, and sun-dry; leaves can be harvested all year round, for fresh use or sun-drying.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：胡颓子科植物攀援胡颓子。
Plant species: Climbing Hovenia acerba in the Elaeagnaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

常绿攀援灌木，高2-10米，无刺；幼枝密被锈色鳞片，老枝灰黄绿色或鳞片脱落后黑色；芽绿色。叶纸质或近革质，椭圆形或矩圆形，长8-16厘米，宽2.2-6厘米，顶端渐尖或钝尖，基部阔钝形或圆形，上面干燥后黄绿色，下面褐绿色，密被银白色和褐色细鳞片，有光泽，侧脉7-9对，与中脉开展成45-50度的角，近边缘分叉而互相连接，两面明显凸起，干燥后网状脉在上面略明显；叶柄锈色，上面具宽沟，长10-16毫米。花褐色或褐绿色，外面被褐色鳞片，常1-3花簇生于叶腋纤细的锈色短小枝上；花梗长3-6毫米；萼筒圆筒形，长8-9毫米，向基部略窄狭，在子房上明显骤收缩，裂片宽三角形，长4.5-5毫米，顶端渐尖，内面疏生星状短柔毛，包围子房的萼管椭圆形，锈色，长3毫米；雄蕊4，花丝较短，基部膨大，花药矩圆形，长1.5-2毫米；花柱直立，无毛，柱头弯曲，几与裂片平齐。果实大，长椭圆形，长24-26毫米，直径10毫米，被锈色鳞片；果核窄椭圆形，两端窄狭，具明显的8肋，内面具褐色丝状长棉毛。花期10-11月，果期次年3月。
Evergreen climbing shrub, 2-10 meters tall, without thorns; young branches densely covered with rust-colored scales, old branches grayish-yellow-green or black after scales fall off; buds are green. Leaves are papery or nearly leathery, elliptic or rectangular, 8-16 cm long, 2.2-6 cm wide, gradually pointed or blunt at the apex, broadly obtuse or round at the base, yellow-green on the upper surface when dry, brownish-green on the lower surface, densely covered with silver-white and brown scales, shiny, with 7-9 pairs of lateral veins, branching off from the midrib at an angle of 45-50 degrees, forking near the margin and connecting with each other, distinctly raised on both sides, slightly visible reticulate veins on the upper surface when dry; leaf stalk rust-colored, with a broad groove on the upper surface, 10-16 mm long. Flowers are brown or brownish-green, covered with brown scales on the outside, usually 1-3 flower clusters borne on slender rust-colored short twigs in leaf axils; flower stalk 3-6 mm long; calyx tubular, 8-9 mm long, slightly narrow towards the base, abruptly constricted on the ovary, lobes broadly triangular, 4.5-5 mm long, gradually pointed at the apex, sparsely covered with star-shaped short soft hairs on the inner surface, surrounding the elliptical rust-colored calyx tube on the ovary, 3 mm long; stamens 4, filaments short, swollen at the base, anthers rectangular, 1.5-2 mm long; style erect, hairless, stigma curved, nearly level with the lobes. Fruit large, oblong, 24-26 mm long, 10 mm in diameter, covered with rust-colored scales; stone narrow oblong, narrow at both ends, with distinct 8 ribs, inner surface with brown silky long cottony hairs. Flowering period is October to November, fruiting the following March.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于广西西部、云南等地。
Distributed in western Guangxi, Yunnan, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔1100-1500m的山地。
Born in mountainous areas at an altitude of 1100-1500 meters.