走马风，中药名。为菊科植物六耳铃Blumealaciniata(Roxb.)DC.的全草。分布于华南及福建、台湾、贵州、云南等地。具有祛风除湿，通络止痛之功效。常用于伤风感冒，头风头痛，风寒湿痹，关节酸痛，跌打损伤，痈肿疮疖，湿疹，蛇伤。
"Zou-ma-fen, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. refers to the whole plant of Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC., a member of the Asteraceae family. It is distributed in South China, as well as Fujian, Taiwan, Guizhou, and Yunnan. It is known for its effects in dispelling wind and dampness, promoting blood circulation, and relieving pain. It is commonly used for conditions such as colds, headaches, wind-cold-damp arthralgia, joint pain, bruises, abscesses, eczema, and snake bites.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

祛风除湿，通络止痛。
Dispelling wind and dampness, promoting circulation and relieving pain.

主治 Indications

伤风感冒，头风头痛，风寒湿痹，关节酸痛，跌打损伤，痈肿疮疖，湿疹，蛇伤。
Common cold, headache, wind-cold-damp arthralgia, joint pain, bruises, abscesses, eczema, snake bites.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，30-60g。外用：适量，捣敷；或煎水洗。
Internal use: Decoction, 30-60g. External use: Appropriate amount, pounded for application; or decocted for washing.

药理作用 Pharmacological Actions

抑菌和镇痛作用。
Antibacterial and analgesic effects.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

1、《广西民间常用草药手册》：“治妇女产后骨痛，头痛，风湿骨痛，跌打肿痛。”2、《全国中草药汇编》：“治湿疹，毒蛇咬伤。”

1. "Guangxi Folk Common Herbal Manual": "Used for treating postpartum bone pain, headache, rheumatic bone pain, and bruises and swelling." 2. "National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines": "Used for treating eczema and snake bites."

临床应用 Clinical Application

临床用于治疗伤风感冒，头风头痛，风湿性关节肿痛，跌打损伤，丹毒，湿疹，皮肤痈疖肿痛和蛇咬伤等。
Clinically used for treating colds, headaches, rheumatic joint pain and swelling, bruises, erysipelas, eczema, skin abscesses, and snake bites, among others.

相关配伍 Relevant Compatibility

治痈疖、蜂窝组织炎、丹毒等急性感染：走马风、千里光、三叉苦各5份，土荆芥（藜科）2份。共研细末，加适量米酒拌成湿粉状，再加适量凡士林调匀，涂患处。（《全国中草药汇编》）
Treatment for acute infections such as boils, cellulitis, and erysipelas: Take 5 parts of Zoumafeng, 5 parts of Qianliguang, 5 parts of Sanchaku, and 2 parts of Tu Jing Jie (from Chenopodiaceae). Grind them into fine powder, mix with an appropriate amount of rice wine to form a wet powder, then add an appropriate amount of Vaseline and mix well. Apply to the affected area. ("National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：全年均可采收，鲜用或切段，晾干。
It can be harvested all year round, used fresh or cut into sections, and then air-dried.

药材鉴别 Identification of Medicinal Materials

药材性状：叶片干燥，皱缩。完整叶片倒卵状长圆形或倒卵形，有时琴状羽裂，裂片三角形至三角状长圆形，先端渐尖，基部下延成长柄，边缘具不规则的锯齿或粗齿或全缘。叶面均被短柔毛；中脉在下面凸起；侧脉5-7对；网脉明显或有时不明显。气微，味苦微辣。
The characteristics of the medicinal material: The leaves are dried and wrinkled. The intact leaves are obovate-oblong or obovate, sometimes lyrate-pinnatifid, with lobes triangular to triangular-oblong, gradually pointed at the apex, base tapering into a long petiole, margins irregularly serrated, coarsely toothed, or entire. Both surfaces covered with short soft hairs; midrib prominent beneath; 5–7 pairs of lateral veins; reticulate veins distinct or sometimes indistinct. Slight odor, taste slightly bitter and pungent.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：菊科植物六耳铃。
Botanical species: Liu'erling (Blumea lacera), a plant of the Asteraceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

六耳铃，又名波缘艾纳香。粗壮草本，主根肥大，有多数纤维状根。茎直立，高0.5-1.5米，基部径约7毫米，多分枝，有条棱，下部被疏柔毛或后脱毛，上部被开展的长柔毛，杂有具柄腺毛，在幼枝和花序轴上的毛更密，节间长3-6厘米。基生叶花期生存，下部叶有长达2-4厘米具狭翅的柄，叶片倒卵状长圆形或倒卵形，长10-30厘米，宽4-6厘米，基部渐狭，下延成翅，顶端短尖，下半部琴状分裂，顶裂片大，卵形或卵状长圆形，侧裂片2-3对，三角形至三角状长圆形，边缘具不规则的锯齿或粗齿，上面被糙毛，下面被疏柔毛或后脱毛，中脉在下面凸起，侧脉5-7对，网状脉明显或有时不明显；中部叶与下部叶同形，无柄，长6-10厘米，宽2-4厘米，边缘有不规则的齿刻，有时琴状浅裂；上部叶极小，不分裂，全缘或有齿刻。头状花序多数，径6-8毫米，排列顶生、疏或密的长圆形的大圆锥花序；花序梗长8-15毫米，被具柄腺毛和长柔毛；总苞圆柱形至钟形，长约9毫米；总苞片5-6层，带紫红色，花后常反折，外层线形，顶端稍钝，背面被密短柔毛或有时被具柄腺毛，长2-4毫米，中层长圆状披针形，长4-6毫米，渐尖，边缘干膜质，内层线形，长约9毫米，背面上部被疏毛；花托扁平至微凸，径2.5-5毫米，蜂窝状，窝孔周围被短柔毛。花黄色；雌花多数，花冠细管状，长约1毫米，檐部2-3齿裂，裂片无毛；两性花花冠管状，约与雌花等长，上部渐宽，檐部5裂，裂片三角形，被疏毛。瘦果圆柱形，长约1毫米，具10条棱，被疏毛。冠毛白色，糙毛状，长约5毫米，不易脱落。花期10月一翌年5月。
Liu'erling, also known as Boyuan Aina Xiang, is a robust herb with a thick main root and numerous fibrous roots. The stem is erect, 0.5–1.5 meters tall, about 7 mm in diameter at the base, highly branched, ribbed, sparsely pubescent or glabrescent below, densely covered with spreading long soft hairs and stalked glandular hairs above, especially dense on young branches and inflorescence axes, with internodes 3–6 cm long. Basal leaves persist during flowering. Lower leaves have petioles up to 2–4 cm long with narrow wings; blade obovate-oblong or obovate, 10–30 cm long, 4–6 cm wide, gradually narrowing and winged downward, shortly acuminate, lower half lyrate-pinnatifid with a large ovate or obovate terminal lobe and 2–3 pairs of triangular to triangular-oblong lateral lobes, margins irregularly serrate or coarsely toothed, scabrid above, sparsely pubescent or glabrescent beneath, midrib prominent beneath, 5–7 pairs of lateral veins, reticulate veins distinct or sometimes indistinct. Middle leaves similar but sessile, 6–10 cm long, 2–4 cm wide, margins irregularly toothed or shallowly lyrate-lobed. Upper leaves very small, undivided, entire or toothed. Numerous small capitula, 6–8 mm in diameter, arranged in terminal, loose or dense elongated conical panicles. Peduncles 8–15 mm long, covered with stalked glandular and long soft hairs. Involucre cylindrical to campanulate, ca. 9 mm long. Phyllaries in 5–6 series, purplish-red, often reflexed after flowering; outer ones linear, obtuse, densely short-pubescent or sometimes stalked-glandular; middle ones lanceolate, 4–6 mm long, gradually pointed, membranous margins; inner ones linear, ca. 9 mm long, sparsely hairy on upper back. Receptacle flat to slightly convex, 2.5–5 mm in diameter, honeycomb-like, pits surrounded by short hairs. Flowers yellow; female flowers many, corolla narrowly tubular, ca. 1 mm long, limb 2–3-toothed, teeth glabrous; bisexual flowers with tubular corollas, similar in length, widening upwards, limb 5-lobed, lobes triangular, sparsely hairy. Achenes cylindrical, ca. 1 mm long, 10-ribbed, sparsely hairy. Pappus white, barbellate, ca. 5 mm long, persistent. Flowering from October to May of the following year.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于华南及福建、台湾、贵州、云南等地。
Distributed in South China, Fujian, Taiwan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔400-800m的田畦、草地、山坡、林缘及河边。
Grows in fields, grasslands, mountain slopes, forest edges, and riverbanks at altitudes of 400–800 meters.