赤芍

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为毛茛科植物芍药Paeonia lactiflora Pall. 或川赤芍Paeonia veitchii Lynch的干燥根。春、秋二季采挖，除去根茎、须根及泥沙，晒干。
Red Peony Root is the dried root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. or Paeonia veitchii Lynch (Fam. Ranunculaceae). The drug is collected in spring and autumn, removed from rootstock, fibrous roots and soil, and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品呈圆柱形，稍弯曲，长5～40cm，直径0.5～3cm。表面棕褐色，粗糙，有纵沟和皱纹，并有须根痕和横长的皮孔样突起，有的外皮易脱落。质硬而脆，易折断，断面粉白色或粉红色，皮部窄，木部放射状纹理明显，有的有裂隙。气微香，味微苦、酸涩。
Roots cylindrical, slightly curved, 5-40 cm long, 0.5-3 cm in diameter; surface brownish-brown, rough, with longitudinal furrows and wrinkles, and with root scars and transverse elongated corky protuberances, some outer bark easily exfoliated; texture hard and brittle, easily broken; fracture powdery white or pink, bark narrow, wood with distinct radiate lines, some with cracks; odour, slightly fragrant; taste, slightly bitter and astringent.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品横切面：木栓层为数列棕色细胞。栓内层薄壁细胞切向延长。韧皮部较窄。形成层成环。木质部射线较宽，导管群作放射状排列，导管旁有木纤维。薄壁细胞含草酸钙簇晶，并含淀粉粒。
(1) Cross-section of the product: Cork consisting of several rows of brown cells. Thin-walled cells of phelloderm elongated tangentially. Cortex relatively narrow. Cambium in a ring. Xylem with wide rays, groups of vessels arranged radially, and wood fibers beside vessels. Thin-walled cells containing clusters of calcium oxalate crystals and starch grains.

（2）取本品粉末0.5g，加乙醇10ml，振摇5分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加乙醇2ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取芍药苷对照品，加乙醇制成每1ml含2mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各4μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以三氯甲烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-甲酸（40：5：10：0.2）为展开剂，展开，取岀，晾干，喷以5%香草醛硫酸溶液，加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同的蓝紫色斑点。
(2) To 0.5 g of the powder add 10 ml of ethanol, shake for 5 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 2 ml of ethanol as the test solution. Dissolve paeoniflorin CRS in ethanol to produce a solution containing 2 mg per ml as the Reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of chloroform-ethyl acetate-methanol-formic acid (40:5:10:0.2) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 4 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 5% solution of vanillin in sulfuric acid, heat to the spots clear. The blue-violet spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the Reference solution.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-0.05mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液（40：65）为流动相；检测波长为230nm。理论板数按芍药苷峰计算应不低于3000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the filler; use methanol-0.05mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (40:65) as the mobile phase; detect at the wavelength of 230 nm. The theoretical plate number calculated from the peak of paeoniflorin should not be less than 3000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取经五氧化二磷减压干燥器中干燥36小时的芍药苷对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.5mg的溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of paeoniflorin CRS dried in a vacuum desiccator for 36 hours, accurately weigh, dissolve in methanol to produce a solution containing 0.5 mg per ml, and set aside.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粗粉约0.5g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇25ml，称定重量，浸泡4小时，超声处理20分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 0.5 g of the coarse powder, accurately weigh, place it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 25 ml of methanol, weigh, soak for 4 hours, treat with ultrasound for 20 minutes, cool, weigh again, make up the weight lost with methanol, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate.

测定法 Assay method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately draw 10 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品含芍药苷（C23H28O11）不得少于1.8%。
The content of paeoniflorin (C23H28O11) in the drug should not be less than 1.8%.

饮片 Prepared slices

赤芍 Red Peony Root

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，分开大小，洗净，润透，切厚片，干燥。
Eliminate Foreign matter, separate by size, wash clean, soak until thoroughly moistened, cut into thick slices, and dry.

性状 Description

本品为类圆形切片，外表皮棕褐色。切面粉白色或粉红色，皮部窄，木部放射状纹理明显，有的有裂隙。
This product is a classically rounded slice with a brownish-brown outer epidermis. The cut is flour-white or pink, the cortex is narrow, the wood has obvious radial texture, some have fissures.

含量测定 Assay

同药材，含芍药苷（C23H28O11）不得少于1.5%。
Same as the herb, containing not less than 1.5% paeoniflorin (C23H28O11).

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the herb.

性 Property

微寒。
Slightly cold.

味 Flavor

苦。
Bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝经。
Liver meridian.

功能 Actions

清热凉血，散瘀止痛。
To clear heat, cool blood, promote blood circulation, and relieve pain.

主治 Indications

用于热入营血，温毒发斑，吐血衄血，目赤肿痛，肝郁胁痛，经闭痛经，癥瘕腹痛，跌扑损伤，痈肿疮疡。
For heat entering the blood division, warm toxin causing macula, vomiting blood, nosebleed, redness, swelling and pain of the eyes, pain in the hypochondrium, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, abdominal pain due to stagnation of qi, traumatic injury, and carbuncle, swelling, and sore.

用量 Dosage

6～12 g。
6-12 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

注意 Precautions

不宜与藜芦同用。
Not to be used with Herba Salsolae.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处。
Preserve in a cool and dry place.

赤芍

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为毛茛科植物芍药Paeonia lactiflora PalL 或川赤芍Paeonia veitchii Lynch的干燥根。春、秋二季采挖，除去根茎、须根及泥沙，晒干。
Red Peony Root is the dried root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. or Paeonia veitchii Lynch (Fam. Ranunculaceae). The drug is collected in spring and autumn, removed from rhizome, rootlet and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品呈圆柱形，稍弯曲，长5～40cm，直径0.5～3cm。表面棕褐色，粗糙，有纵沟和皱纹，并有须根痕和横长的皮孔样突起，有的外皮易脱落。质硬而脆，易折断，断面粉白色或粉红色，皮部窄，木部放射状纹理明显，有的有裂隙。气微香，味微苦、酸涩。
Cylindrical, somewhat curved, 5-40 cm long, 0.5-3 cm in diameter. Externally brown, rough, longitudinally furrowed and wrinkled, and showing rootlet scars and transverse elongated lenticel-like protrusions, sometimes the outer bark easily exfoliated. Texture hard and fragile, easily broken, fracture chalk-white or pink, bark narrow, wood with distinct radial striations, sometimes with clefts. Odour, slight; taste, somewhat bitter, sour and astringent.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品横切面：木栓层为数列棕色细胞。栓内层薄壁细胞切向延长。韧皮部较窄。形成层成环。木质部射线较宽，导管群作放射状排列，导管旁有木纤维。薄壁细胞含草酸钙簇晶，并含淀粉粒。
（2）取本品粉末0.5g，加乙醇10ml，振摇5分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加乙醇2ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取芍药苷对照品，加乙醇制成每1ml含2mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各4μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以三氯甲烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-甲酸（40：5：10：0.2）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以5%香草醛硫酸溶液，加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同的蓝紫色斑点。

检查 Examination

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic system and system suitability

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-0.05mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液（40：65）为流动相；检测波长为230nm。理论板数按芍药苷峰计算应不低于3000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase and a mixture of methanol and 0. 05 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate (40 : 65) as the mobile phase. As detector a spectrophotometer set at 230 nm. The number of theoretical plates of the column is not less than 3000, calculated with the reference to the peak of paconiflorin.

对照品溶液的制备 Reference solution

取经五氧化二磷减压干燥器中干燥36小时的芍药苷对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含O.5mg的溶液，即得。
Weigh accurately a quantity of paeoniflorin CRS, previously dried over phosphorous pentoxide under reduced pressure for 36 hours, dissolve in methanol to produce a solution containing 0.5 mg per ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Test solution

取本品粗粉约0.5g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇25ml，称定重量，浸泡4小时，超声处理20分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Weigh accurately 0.5 g of the coarse powder to a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 25 ml of methanol and weigh, macerate for 4 hours, ultrasonicate for 20 minutes allow to cool, weigh again, replenish the loss of the solvent and mix well, filter, use the filtrate as the test solution.

测定法 Procedures

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl ，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately inject 10 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution, respectively, into the column, determine and calculate the content.

含量 Assay

本品含芍药苷（C23H28O11）不得少于1.8%。
It contains not less than 1.8 per cent of paeoniflorin (C23H28O11).

饮片 Prepared slices

赤芍 Red Peony

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，分开大小，洗净，润透，切厚片，干燥。
Eliminate Foreign matter. Grade according to size, wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into thick slices, and dry.

含量测定 Assay

同药材，含芍药苷（C23H28O11）不得少于1.5%。
It contains not less than 1.5 per cent of paconiflorin (C23H28O11), following the method for the crude drug.

鉴别 Identification

同药材
Same as the crude drug.

性 Property

苦，微寒。
Mild cold; bitter.

味 Flavor

微寒。
Bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝经。
Liver meridian.

功能 Actions

清热凉血，散瘀止痛。
To clear heat, cool the blood, dissipate stasis, and relieve pain.

主治 Indications

用于热入营血，温毒发斑，吐血衄血，目赤肿痛，肝郁胁痛，经闭痛经，癥瘕腹痛，跌扑损伤，痈肿疮疡。
Heat entering nutrient-blood aspects, macula and papule caused by warm toxin, hematemesis, epistaxis, red painful swelling eyes, liver depression with hypochondriac pain, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, abdominal pain caused by masscs traumatic injures swelling abscess, sore and ulcer.

用量 Dosage

6～12g。
6-12 g.

注意 Precautions and Warnings

不宜与藜芦同用。
Incompatible with Veratri Nigri Radix et Rhizoma.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处。
Preserve in a ventilated dry place.