扶桑花，中药名。为锦葵科木槿属植物朱槿Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.的花。具有清肺，凉血，利湿，解毒的功效。主治肺热咳嗽，咯血，鼻衄，崩漏，白带，痢疾，赤白浊，痈肿毒疮。
Fu-sang-hua, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the flower of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. of the Malvaceae family, has the effects of clearing the lungs, cooling the blood, promoting diuresis, and detoxification. It is used to treat conditions such as lung heat cough, hemoptysis, epistaxis, menorrhagia, leukorrhea, dysentery, turbid urine, and abscesses.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy, function.

清肺，凉血，利湿，解毒。主治
Clear the lungs, cool the blood, promote diuresis, and detoxify. Used to treat...

肺热咳嗽，咯血，鼻衄，崩漏，白带，痢疾，赤白浊，痈肿毒疮。用法用量
Lung heat cough, hemoptysis, epistaxis, uterine bleeding, leukorrhea, dysentery, turbid red and white discharge, carbuncle and toxic sore. Dosage and administration.

1、内服：煎汤，15-30g。2、外用：捣敷。注意事项

1. Internal use: Decoction, 15-30g.2. External use: Mashed for poultice. Please pay attention to the following precautions.

《本草求原》：多食动火，发疮节。化学成分
"Ben Cao Qiu Yuan": Eating too much spicy food can cause sores and inflammation. Chemical components.

花含黄酮类：槲皮素-3-二葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-3,7二葡萄糖苷、矢车菊素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷、矢车菊素-3-槐糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷、山柰酚-3-木糖基葡萄糖苷、矢车菊双苷、槲皮素、矢车菊素、矢车菊素-3-槐糖苷等。药理作用
Flavonoids in flowers: quercetin-3-glucoside, quercetin-3,7-diglucoside, luteolin-3,5-diglucoside, luteolin-3-rhamnosyl-5-glucoside, kaempferol-3-xylosyl-glucoside, luteolin-7-glucoside, quercetin, luteolin, luteolin-3-rhamnoside, etc. Pharmacological effects.

1、降压作用：朱槿中含苷类物质，对麻醉犬有降压作用，40-80mg/kg静脉注射此苷（非纯品）可急剧降压，稍回升后又复降低持续1-2h，此降压作用不受阿托品影响。2、对平滑肌的作用：朱槿对平滑肌（大鼠、兔、豚鼠小肠，大鼠、犬及兔支气管、兔子宫等）有致痉的作用，可被阿托品阻断。能收缩蛙腹直肌并能被筒箭毒所部分拮抗。在小肠平滑肌标本上，0.1-0.3mg/ml的苷类物质在引起收缩以后，可转向松弛，并拮抗5羟色胺、乙酰胆碱、组胺、氯化钡引起的痉挛。后者乃对平滑肌的直接抑制作用，与兴奋胆碱受体的致痉作用，似乎并非同一物质。3、抗生育作用：朱槿花茎提取物250mg/kg灌服雄鼠30d，性器官和副性器官减重明显；各种细精管成分明显退化，精母细胞消失，除精原细胞和支持细胞外，其余生精成分均缺。如间质细胞萎缩，副性器官呈无腺性。妊娠5-8天雌鼠，每日口服朱槿花苯提取物（1g/kg），终止妊娠率达92%，此作用与孕激素水平下降有关。相关论述

1. Hypotensive effect: The hibiscus contains glycosides that have a hypotensive effect on anesthetized dogs. Intravenous injection of 40-80mg/kg of this glycoside (impure) can cause a rapid drop in blood pressure, followed by a slight rebound before dropping again and lasting for 1-2 hours. This hypotensive effect is not affected by atropine.2. Effects on smooth muscles: Hibiscus has a spasmogenic effect on smooth muscles (in the small intestines of rats, rabbits, and guinea pigs, as well as in the bronchi of rats, dogs, and rabbits, and in the uterus of rabbits), which can be blocked by atropine. It can contract the frog rectus abdominis muscle and partially antagonize the effects of tubocurarine. In samples of small intestinal smooth muscles, glycosides at concentrations of 0.1-0.3mg/ml can induce contractions followed by relaxation, and antagonize spasms induced by serotonin, acetylcholine, histamine, and barium chloride. The latter exerts a direct inhibitory effect on smooth muscles, which seems to be different from the spasmogenic effect of acetylcholine receptors.3. Antifertility effect: Male mice orally administered with 250mg/kg of hibiscus stem extract for 30 days showed significant reductions in the weight of sexual organs and accessory sexual organs. Various components of the seminiferous tubules showed significant degeneration, with the disappearance of spermatogonia cells and the absence of most components of spermatozoa except for spermatogonia cells and supporting cells. Interstitial cells showed atrophy, and accessory sexual organs exhibited glandular atrophy. In female mice at days 5-8 of pregnancy, daily oral administration of hibiscus flower benzene extract (1g/kg) resulted in a termination rate of 92%, which is related to a decrease in hormone levels.

1、《广东新语》：“润容补血。”（引自《纲目拾遗》）2、《本草求原》：“有红白二种，白者治白痢白浊，红者治红痢赤浊，悦颜益寿。”3、《岭南采药录》：“清肺热，去痰火，理咳嗽。”4、《四川常用中草药》：“清热，活血。治月经不调，红崩，白带。”5、《福建药物志》：“清热消肿。主治尿路感染，腮腺炎，乳腺炎，疗疮疖肿。”临床应用 相关配伍

1. "Guangdong Xinyu": "Moisturize the skin and nourish the blood." (From "Gangmu Shiyi")2. "Bencao Qiuyuan": "There are two types, red and white. The white one treats white dysentery and turbid leukorrhea, while the red one treats red dysentery and red turbidity, bringing joy to the face and extending life."3. "Lingnan Caiyao Lu": "Clear lung heat, eliminate phlegm and fire, and relieve cough."4. "Commonly Used Chinese Medicinal Herbs in Sichuan": "Clear heat, activate blood circulation. Treat irregular menstruation, menorrhagia, and leukorrhea."5. "Fujian Materia Medica": "Clear heat and reduce swelling. Mainly used for urinary tract infections, parotitis, mastitis, and to treat abscesses and swellings." Clinical applications and relevant compatibility.

治痈疽，腮肿：扶桑叶或花，同白芙蓉叶、牛蒡叶、白蜜研膏敷之。（《纲目》）加工炮制 采收加工
Treatment for carbuncles and swollen cheeks: use mulberry leaves or flowers, together with white hibiscus leaves, burdock leaves, and white honey paste for application. (From "Compendium of Materia Medica") Processing and preparation: harvesting and processing.

花半开时采摘，晒干。药材鉴别 药材性状
Harvest the flowers when they are half bloomed, then dry them in the sun. Identify the medicinal herbs and describe their properties.

本品皱缩成长条状，长5.5-7cm。小苞片6-7枚线形，分离，比萼短。花萼黄棕色，有星状毛，5裂，裂片披针形或尖三角形；花瓣5，紫色或淡棕红色，有的为重瓣，花瓣顶端圆或具粗圆齿，但不分裂。雄蕊管长，突出于花冠之外，上部有多数具花药的花丝。子房5棱形，被毛，花柱5。体轻，气清香，味淡。植物学信息 植物种属
This product is shriveled and elongated, measuring 5.5-7cm in length. There are 6-7 linear small bracts, separated, shorter than the calyx. The calyx is yellow-brown with star-shaped hairs, 5-lobed, with lanceolate or acute triangular lobes. There are 5 petals, purple or light brown-red, some are double-layered, with rounded or coarsely rounded teeth at the apex, but not divided. The stamens are long, protruding beyond the corolla, with many filaments with anthers at the upper part. The ovary is pentagonal, hairy, with 5 styles. The body is light, the aroma is clear and fragrant, and the taste is mild. Botanical information about the plant species.

锦葵科木槿属植物朱槿。形态特征
The plant belongs to the Malvaceae family and the Hibiscus genus. It has distinctive morphological characteristics.

常绿灌木，高1-3m。小枝圆柱形，疏被星状柔毛。叶互生；叶柄长5-20mm，上面被长柔毛；托叶线形，长5-12mm，被毛；叶片阔卵形或狭卵形，长4-9cm，宽2-5cm，先端渐尖，基部圆形或楔形，边缘具粗齿或缺刻，两面除背面沿脉上有少许疏毛外均无毛。花单生于上部叶腋间，常下垂，花梗长3-7cm，近端有节；小苞片6-7，线形，疏被星状柔毛，基部合生；萼钟形，长约2cm，被星状柔毛，裂片5，卵形至披针形；花冠漏斗形，直径6-10cm，玫瑰红或淡红淡黄等色，花瓣倒卵形，先端圆，外面疏被柔毛；雄蕊筒及柱头长4-8cm，平滑无毛，有缘。花期全年。分布区域
Evergreen shrub, 1-3m tall. Branches are cylindrical, sparsely covered with stellate pubescence. Leaves are alternate; petioles are 5-20mm long, with long soft hairs on the upper side; stipules are linear, 5-12mm long, hairy; leaf blades are broadly ovate or narrowly ovate, 4-9cm long, 2-5cm wide, gradually pointed at the apex, rounded or wedge-shaped at the base, with coarse teeth or serrations on the margin, and sparsely hairy along the veins on the back except for a few scattered hairs on both sides. Flowers are solitary in the upper leaf axils, often pendulous; peduncles are 3-7cm long, with nodes near the base; bracts are 6-7, linear, sparsely covered with stellate pubescence, connate at the base; calyx is campanulate, about 2cm long, covered with stellate pubescence, with 5 lobes, ovate to lanceolate; corolla is funnel-shaped, 6-10cm in diameter, rose-red or light red to pale yellow, petals are inverted ovate, rounded at the apex, sparsely pubescent on the outside; staminal tube and style head are 4-8cm long, smooth and hairless, connate. Flowering occurs throughout the year. Distribution area.

福建、广东、广西、海南、四川、云南、台湾等地有栽培。生长环境
Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Taiwan and other places are suitable for cultivation. Growing environment.

常栽植于庭院，亦有野生者。生长见习
Commonly planted in courtyards, it can also be found in the wild. It grows easily.

喜光照充足、温暖湿润的环境，不耐严寒。枝条萌发力强，耐修剪。宜在肥沃而排水良好的土壤栽种。南方露地栽培，北方盆栽适于中温温室。繁殖方式
Prefers a well-lit, warm and moist environment, and is not tolerant to severe cold. The branches have strong sprouting ability and are resistant to pruning. It is suitable for planting in fertile and well-drained soil. It can be grown outdoors in the south and as a potted plant in a medium-temperature greenhouse in the north. Reproduction methods.

用扦插或嫁接繁殖。栽培技术
Propagation by cutting or grafting. Cultivation techniques.

1、扦插繁殖：早春至晚秋随时可以扦插。插条以一年生半木质化的枝条最好，长10-12cm，剪去下部叶片，留顶端叶片，切口要平，插于沙床，并每日喷水，保持18-25℃温度，85%左右湿度，20天后即能生根成活。2、嫁接繁殖：多用于扦插困难或插期长成活率低的重瓣品种，枝接和芽接均可，砧木用单瓣扶桑。病虫防治

1. Propagation by cuttings: Cuttings can be taken anytime from early spring to late autumn. It is best to use one-year-old semi-lignified branches, about 10-12cm long, with lower leaves removed and the top leaves retained. The cut should be flat, and the cuttings should be placed in a sand bed, sprayed with water daily, and kept at a temperature of 18-25°C with around 85% humidity. Roots can be formed and the cuttings can survive after about 20 days.2. Propagation by grafting: This method is often used for varieties with difficulty in rooting from cuttings or low survival rates during the cutting period. Both branch grafting and bud grafting can be used, with a single-petal mulberry used as the rootstock. Disease and pest control should be implemented.

虫害有：介壳虫蚜虫和黑斑虫，可用波尔多液喷洒。
Pests include scale insects, aphids, and black spot insects, which can be controlled by spraying Bordeaux mixture.