附地菜，中药名。为紫草科植物附地菜Trigonotis peduncularis（Trev.）Benth.【Myosotis peduncularis Trev.； M.chinensis DC.】的全草。具有健胃止痛，解毒消肿，摄小便的功效。主治胃痛吐酸，手脚麻木，遗尿，热毒痈肿，湿疮。
Fu-di-cai, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the whole plant of Trigonotis peduncularis (Trev.) Benth., a plant of the Boraginaceae family. It has the functions of invigorating the stomach, relieving pain, detoxification, reducing swelling, and promoting urination. It is mainly used to treat stomach pain, acid reflux, numbness in the limbs, enuresis, heat-toxin abscesses, and damp sores.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

健胃止痛，解毒消肿，摄小便。
Strengthen the stomach, relieve pain, detoxify, reduce swelling, and promote urination.

主治 Indications

胃痛吐酸，手脚麻木，遗尿，热毒痈肿，湿疮。
Stomach pain with acid regurgitation, numbness in hands and feet, enuresis, hot abscesses, and damp sores.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，0.5～1两；捣汁或浸酒。外用：捣敷或研末擦患处。
Internal use: decoction, 0.5–1 liang; pounded into juice or soaked in alcohol. External use: pounded for application or ground into powder for rubbing on the affected area.

化学成分 Chemical Composition

附地菜的花含有飞燕草素-3，5-二葡萄糖甙(delphinidin-3,5-diglucoside)。地上部分含有挥发油(volatile oils)0.013%-0.023%，其中含有74种成分包括：21种脂肪酸(fatty acids)，20种醇(alcohols)，14种碳氢化合物(hydrocarbons)，12种羰基化合物(carbonyls)等。内有香叶醇(geraniol)，α-松油醇(α-terpineol)萜类化合物等。
The flowers of Trigonotis peduncularis contain delphinidin-3,5-diglucoside. The aerial parts contain volatile oils at a concentration of 0.013%–0.023%, which consist of 74 components including 21 fatty acids, 20 alcohols, 14 hydrocarbons, 12 carbonyls, and others. Specific constituents include geraniol, α-terpineol, and terpenoid compounds.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

1.《名医别录》：“主毒肿，止小便利。”
2. 陶弘景：“疗蠼螋溺。”

1. "Famous Physicians' Records": "Treats toxic swellings and stops frequent urination."
2. Tao Hongjing: "Treats skin irritation caused by insect secretions."
3. "Theory of Medicinal Properties": "Soak hands and feet to treat water-induced softening of skin, treats enuresis."
4. Meng Shen: "Mix ash and salt to treat all kinds of sores, as well as whole-body itching and pain resembling red dates due to wind-heat; grind into paste and apply, changing five or six times daily; can also be eaten raw or cooked as a vegetable, beneficial to health, removing damp-toxins; also used burned as a poultice for infantile ulcers; effective for treating infantile dysentery—take one ge of juice mixed with honey, very effective."
5. "Guizhou Herbal Medicine": "Dispels wind, relieves pain."

临床应用 Clinical Application

① 止小便利：鸡肠草一斤，于豆豉汁中煮，调和什羹食之，作粥亦得。（《食医心镜》）
② 治气淋，小腹胀，满闷：石韦（去毛）一两，鸡肠草一两。上件药，捣碎，煎取一盏半，去滓，食前分为三服。（《圣惠方》）

1. To alleviate difficulty in urination: Boil one jin of chicken intestine grass in fermented black bean broth, mix into porridge or thick soup, and consume. ("The Mirror of Food and Medicine")
2. To treat qi-type dysuria with abdominal distension and fullness: Use one liang each of Lysimachia stonocephala (hair removed) and chicken intestine grass. Crush, decoct in one and a half cups of water, strain, and divide into three doses before meals. ("Holy Benevolent Formula")
3. To treat heat-induced swelling: Apply chicken intestine grass externally. ("Prescriptions to Supplement Deficiencies Behind the Elbow")
4. To treat itching from lacquer rash: Crush chicken intestine grass and apply topically. ("Prescriptions Behind the Elbow")
5. To treat numbness in hands and feet: Take two liang of Di Hujiao, soak in alcohol, and drink. ("Guizhou Herbal Medicine")
6. To treat chest and rib pain: Take one liang of Di Hujiao, decoct in water, and drink. ("Guizhou Herbal Medicine")
7. To treat ulcerative sores: Grind chicken intestine grass into juice and apply, or make into powder and mix with lard for topical application. ("Authentic Collection of Medical Forest")
8. To treat wind-heat toothache, recurrent swelling, deficiency of vital energy, and infantile malnutrition: Mix equal parts of chicken intestine grass, herba ecliptae, and Asarum, grind into powder, and rub on teeth three times daily. ("Pu Ji Fang", Powder for Pain Relief)

药材鉴别 Identification of Medicinal Materials

药材性状
Characteristics of Medicinal Material

全草皱缩成团。湿润展开后，根细长圆锥形。茎1至数条，纤细，多分枝，基部淡紫棕色，上部枯绿色，有短糙毛。基生叶有长柄，叶片椭圆状卵形，长可达2cm，两面有糙毛，茎生叶几无柄，叶片稍小。总状花序细长，可达20cm，可见白色或蓝色小花，有时具四面体形的小坚果。有青草气，味微苦涩。
The whole herb is shriveled into a ball. When moistened, it unfolds to reveal long, slender, conical roots. One to several stems are slender and much branched, pale purple-brown at the base and dried green above, covered with short rough hairs. Basal leaves have long petioles, with elliptic-ovate blades up to 2 cm long, both surfaces bearing coarse hairs; stem leaves are nearly sessile with slightly smaller blades. The raceme is slender, up to 20 cm long, bearing small white or blue flowers, sometimes with tetrahedral nutlets. It has a grassy odor and a slightly bitter, astringent taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属
Plant Species

紫草科植物附地菜。
Trigonotis peduncularis, a plant in the Boraginaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

一年生草本，高5-30cm。茎通常自基部分枝，纤细，直立，或丛生，具平伏细毛。叶互生，匙形、椭圆形或披针形，长1-3cm，宽5-20mm，先端圆钝或尖锐，基部狭窄，两面均具平伏粗毛；下部叶具短柄，上部叶无柄。总状花序顶生，细长，不具苞片；花通常生于花序的一侧，有柄，长3-6mm；花萼长1-2.5mm，5裂，裂片长圆形，先端尖锐；花冠蓝色，长约1.5mm，5裂，裂片卵圆形，先端圆钝；雄蕊5；子房深4裂，花柱线形，柱头头状。小坚果三角状四边形，具细毛，少有光滑，有小柄。花期5-6月。
Annual herb, 5–30 cm tall. Stems usually branch from the base, slender, erect or tufted, with appressed fine hairs. Leaves alternate, spoon-shaped, elliptic, or lanceolate, 1–3 cm long, 5–20 mm wide, rounded or acute at apex, narrowed at base, with appressed coarse hairs on both sides; lower leaves have short petioles, upper leaves are sessile. Terminal racemes are slender and ebracteate; flowers usually borne on one side of the inflorescence, pedicels 3–6 mm long; calyx 1–2.5 mm long, 5-lobed, lobes oblong, acute at apex; corolla blue, about 1.5 mm long, 5-lobed, lobes ovate, rounded at apex; stamens 5; ovary deeply 4-parted, style filiform, stigma capitate. Nutlets triangular-quadrangular, hairy (rarely smooth), with a short stalk. Flowering period: May to June.

分布区域 Distribution Area

我国西南至东北均有分布。
Distributed from southwestern to northeastern China.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生长于原野路旁。
Grows along roadsides and in open fields.