狗毛草，中药名。为玄参科植物红骨草Lindernia montana（Bl.）Koord.[Diceros montanus Bl.]的全草。具有清热解毒，活血消肿的功效。主治乳痈，疮肿，跌打损伤。
Gou-mao-cao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the whole plant of Lindernia montana (Bl.) Koord. [Diceros montanus Bl.], a plant in the family Acanthaceae. It has the effects of clearing heat, detoxifying, promoting blood circulation, and reducing swelling. It is mainly used to treat breast abscess, sores, and injuries from falls or blows.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒，活血消肿。
Clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting blood circulation and reducing swelling.

主治 Indications

乳痈，疮肿，跌打损伤。
Mammary abscess, sores and swellings, and bruises.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

外用：鲜品适量，捣敷。内服：煎汤，10-15g。
External use: Take an appropriate amount of fresh herbs, grind and apply as a poultice. Internal use: Decoction, 10-15g.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：春夏季采收，鲜用或晒干。
Harvest in spring and summer, for fresh use or drying.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：玄参科植物红骨草。
The red-boned herb is a plant of the Scrophulariaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

一年生草本，高20-40cm。全株密被白色闪光的细刺毛。根须状。茎匐匍，弯曲，上部上升，匍匐枝节间很长，节上生根，较少分枝。叶对生；近无柄或有短柄；叶片大小和形状多变，披针形、长圆形至卵形、长2-6cm，宽0.7-2.5cm，先端急尖或钝，基部宽楔形至近心形，边缘具锯齿，两面均密被有丝光的白色粗毛。总状花序腋生或顶生，有时近伞形，有时亦单生；苞片小，钻形；花梗长2.5cm，具白色绢毛；花蕊5深裂，裂片条状披针形；花冠紫色或黄白色，长1cm左右，上唇直立，2浅裂，下唇开展，3裂；雄蕊4，全育，前面2枚的花丝基部附属物齿状；柱头2裂。蒴果长卵圆形，短于宿萼。种子有格状瘤突。花期7-10月，果期9-11月。
It is an annual herb, 20-40cm tall. The whole plant is densely covered with white shining fine prickles. It has a fibrous root. The stem is prostrate, curved, and ascending in the upper part, with long internodes between the prostrate branches, roots are produced on the nodes, and there are few branches. The leaves are opposite; nearly sessile or with short petioles; the size and shape of the leaf blade vary, lanceolate, oblong to ovate, 2-6cm long, 0.7-2.5cm wide, acute or obtuse at the apex, broadly cuneate to subcordate at the base, margin serrate, both surfaces densely covered with silky white coarse hairs. The inflorescence is axillary or terminal, sometimes umbellate, sometimes solitary; bracts are small, drill-shaped; pedicels are 2.5cm long, with white silky hairs; the corolla is 5-lobed deeply, lobes linear-lanceolate; the corolla is purple or yellowish-white, about 1cm long, upper lip erect, shallowly 2-lobed, lower lip spreading, 3-lobed; stamens 4, all fertile, the base of the filaments of the anterior 2 stamens with tooth-like appendages; stigma 2-lobed. The capsule is long-ovoid, shorter than the persistent calyx. The seeds have reticulate tubercles. It flowers from July to October and fruits from September to November.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于江西、福建、广东、广西、云南等地。
Distributed in Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔900-1400m的荒芜田野、阳山坡、山谷灌丛、林边、水流旁等环境中。
It grows in barren fields, sunny slopes at an altitude of 900-1400 meters, valley thickets, forest edges, and along watercourses.