猪殃殃，中药名。为茜草科拉拉藤属植物猪殃殃Galium aparine L.var.tenerum（Gren.et Godr.）Reichb.的全草。具有清热解毒，利尿消肿的功效。主治感冒，牙龈出血，急、慢性阑尾炎，泌尿系感染，水肿，痛经，崩漏，白带，癌症，白血病；外用治乳腺炎初起，痈疖肿毒，跌打损伤。
Zhu-yang-yang, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the whole herb of Galium aparine L. var. tenerum (Gren. et Godr.) Reichb., a plant of the Rubiaceae family. It has the effects of clearing heat, detoxifying, diuresis, and reducing swelling. It is used to treat colds, gingival bleeding, acute and chronic appendicitis, urinary tract infections, edema, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, leukorrhea, cancer, leukemia; externally used for early stage mastitis, carbuncle, and bruises.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒，利尿消肿。
Clearing heat, detoxifying, promoting diuresis, and reducing swelling.

主治 Indications

感冒，牙龈出血，急、慢性阑尾炎，泌尿系感染，水肿，痛经，崩漏，白带，癌症，白血病；外用治乳腺炎初起，痈疖肿毒，跌打损伤。
Common cold, gum bleeding, acute and chronic appendicitis, urinary tract infection, edema, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, leukorrhea, cancer, leukemia; for external use, treating early-stage mastitis, abscesses, boils, contusions and injuries.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

用量30-60g；外用适量，鲜品捣烂敷或绞汁涂患处。
Dosage: 30-60g for oral administration; for external use, apply an appropriate amount of fresh herb by mashing it into a paste or extracting the juice to apply to the affected area.

临床应用 Clinical Application

1. 用于疮疖肿毒，肠痈腹痛，癌肿，蛇虫咬伤等症。本品有清热解毒的功效，用于疮疖痈肿，可配合蒲公英、地丁草等药同用；用于肠痈腹痛，可配合红藤、大黄等药同用；近年来临床上又试用于癌肿或白血病，常配合半枝莲、白花蛇舌草、龙葵、马蹄金、忍冬藤、枸杞根、丹参、黄精等药同用。又本品可治蛇虫咬伤，可用鲜草捣烂外敷并煎汁内服。

2. This product is used for treating ulcers, abscesses, swelling, and toxins, as well as intestinal abscesses, abdominal pain, cancer, snake bites, and other conditions. It has the effect of clearing heat and detoxifying. For ulcers, abscesses, and swelling, it can be combined with herbs such as dandelion and plantain; for intestinal abscess and abdominal pain, it can be used with red vine and rhubarb. In recent years, it has also been clinically tested for cancer or leukemia, often in combination with herbs like half-branch lotus, white flower snake tongue grass, dragon thistle, horse chestnut, honeysuckle vine, wolfberry root, salvia, polygonatum, and others. For snake or insect bites, fresh herb can be crushed for external application and decocted for internal use.

3. 用于水肿、小便淋痛不利。本品又能利尿消肿，用于水湿肿满或小便淋痛不畅等症，可配合杠板归、车前草、海金沙、金钱草等药同用。

4. This product is used for edema and painful, difficult urination. It promotes diuresis and reduces swelling, and is indicated for dampness-induced edema or painful and obstructed urination. It can be used in combination with herbs such as Gangbangu, plantain, lygodium, and moneywort.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏季采收，鲜用或晒干。
Harvest in summer, use fresh or dry in the sun.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：茜草科拉拉藤属植物猪殃殃。
The piggyback plant (Galium aparine) is a plant belonging to the Rubiaceae family, genus Galium.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

蔓状或攀援状一年生草本。茎纤弱，四棱形，多分枝，有倒生小刺。叶6-8片轮生，无柄；叶片膜质，披针状条形至窄倒卵状长椭圆形，长1-2cm或更长，边缘及下面中脉有倒生小刺。夏季开花，聚伞花序腋生，花小白色或带淡黄色，萼齿不显，花冠4裂，雄蕊4，子房下位，有细小密刺。果小，稍肉质，2心皮稍分离，各成一半球形，被密集钩刺。其嫩苗可作菜，但猪食之则病，故名猪殃殃。
A creeping or climbing annual herb. The stem is slender, quadrangular, highly branched, and covered with retrorse small prickles. Leaves are in whorls of 6–8, sessile; leaf blades are membranous, lanceolate-linear to narrowly oblanceolate-oblong, 1–2 cm or longer, with retrorse prickles along the margins and midrib beneath. Flowers appear in summer, cymose inflorescences axillary, small, white or slightly yellowish, calyx teeth inconspicuous, corolla 4-lobed, stamens 4, inferior ovary with fine dense bristles. Fruit small, slightly fleshy, composed of two mericarps that are partially separated, each forming a hemispherical structure densely covered with hooked prickles. The tender shoots can be eaten as vegetables, but pigs become ill after consumption, hence the name “pig calamity” (Zhi Yang Yang).

分布区域 Distribution Area

我国南北各省均有分布。
Distributed in provinces throughout both northern and southern China.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于荒地、菜园、路旁、田边土壤肥沃处。
Grows in wastelands, vegetable gardens, roadsides, and fertile fields.