羊洪膻，中药材名。本品为伞形科茴芹属植物缺刻叶茴芹PimpinellathellugianaWolff，以根或全草入药。秋季采集，洗净切段，晒干。功能主治为：温中散寒。用于克山病，心悸，气短，咳嗽。
Yang-hong-shan, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. This product is the root or whole plant of Pimpinella thellugiana Wolff, a plant of the Umbelliferae family. It is harvested in autumn, washed, cut into sections, and dried in the sun. Its function is to warm the middle and dispel cold. It is used for treating mountain sickness, palpitations, shortness of breath, and cough.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

温中散寒、温肾助阳，活血化瘀；健脾益气；养心安神；止咳祛痰。
Warm the middle and dispel cold, warm the kidneys and assist yang, activate blood circulation and resolve stasis; strengthen the spleen and supplement qi; nourish the heart and calm the spirit; stop coughing and eliminate phlegm.

克山病；心改建；气短；咳喘。用于脾胃虚寒所致脘腹冷痛、呕吐、泄泻等。用治风寒袭肺、肺气失宣、咳嗽咳痰、胸闷喘息。
Used for Kashin-Beck disease, cardiac remodeling, shortness of breath, coughing, and wheezing. Indicated for epigastric cold pain, vomiting, and diarrhea due to deficiency-cold of the spleen and stomach. Also used for wind-cold invading the lungs, impaired lung qi dispersion, cough with phlegm, chest tightness, and dyspnea.

主治 Indications

温中散寒。用于克山病，心悸，气短，咳嗽。
Warm the middle and dispel cold. Used for Kashin-Beck disease, palpitations, shortness of breath, and cough.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

1～3钱。
1–3 qian (approximately 3–9g).

化学成分 Chemical Composition

地上部分含芹菜素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸甙（apigenin-7-O-glucuronide），木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸甙（luteolin-7-O-glucuronide），芹菜素-7-葡萄糖醛酸甲酯甙（apigenin-7-methyl-glucuronate），木犀草素-7-葡萄糖醛酸甲酯甙（luteolin-7-methyl-glucuronate）。
The aerial parts contain apigenin-7-O-glucuronide, luteolin-7-O-glucuronide, apigenin-7-methyl-glucuronate, and luteolin-7-methyl-glucuronate.

根中含β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol），γ-谷甾醇（γ-sitosterol），羊红膻根素[3-methoxy-5-(1′-ethoxy-2′-hydroxypropyl)-phenol]。
The roots contain β-sitosterol, γ-sitosterol, and yanghongtang root phenol [3-methoxy-5-(1′-ethoxy-2′-hydroxypropyl)-phenol].

另含芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙（apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside），羊细膻酯（thellungianate）。根中分离出甾醇类、萜烯类、黄酮类物质及单糖等。根中主要含有挥发油；全草中含有黄酮苷。
Additionally, it contains apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside and thellungianate. The roots have been found to contain sterols, terpenes, flavonoids, and monosaccharides. The roots are mainly rich in volatile oils, while the whole plant contains flavonoid glycosides.

药理作用 Pharmacological Effects

1．初步药理实验证明根及全草有抗凝血的作用。全草尚能扩张冠状动脉、降低冠脉阻力，有降压作用，能降低心肌氧耗量。

1. Preliminary pharmacological experiments have shown that the roots and whole herb possess anticoagulant effects. The whole herb can also dilate coronary arteries, reduce coronary resistance, lower blood pressure, and decrease myocardial oxygen consumption.

2．黄酮苷能增强心肌及脑组织呼吸酶的活性；其水煎醇沉制剂有明显的降压作用，并具有一定强壮作用。
2. Flavonoid glycosides can enhance the activity of respiratory enzymes in myocardial and brain tissues; their water-decoction alcohol-precipitated preparation has a significant antihypertensive effect and certain tonic properties.

相关论述 Related Discussions

1．《陕西中草药》：“祛寒宣肺，祛风解毒，活血散瘀，消肿止痛。”

1. Shaanxi Zhongcao Yao (“Shaanxi Materia Medica”): “Expels cold, promotes lung function, dispels wind and detoxifies, activates blood and resolves stasis, reduces swelling and relieves pain.”

2．《陕西医学杂志》：“治心悸，克山病。老慢支、阳痿、早衰等。”
2. Shaanxi Medical Journal: “Treats palpitations and Kashin-Beck disease. Also used for chronic bronchitis, impotence, and premature aging.”

3．《中药通报》：“治疗产后虚弱，阳痿不育，风寒感冒，痰饮咳嗽等。”
3. Chinese Medicine Bulletin: “Used to treat postpartum weakness, impotence and infertility, wind-cold common cold, and phlegm-damp cough.”

临床应用 Clinical Applications

以其与细叶马先蒿配伍水煎服，可治疗慢性克山病（《陕西中医药》，1986，15(4)：58）；单用水煎服，治疗气管炎（《中华海药》（下），哈尔滨：哈尔滨出版社，1993：755）。
When combined with Pedicularis tenuifolia and administered as a decoction, it can treat chronic Kashin-Beck disease (Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1986, 15(4):58); when used alone as a decoction, it treats tracheitis (Chinese Marine Medicine (Part II), Harbin: Harbin Publishing House, 1993:755).

相关配伍 Related Compatibilities

1．阳痿不举，精少精冷。本品温肾壮阳，起痿生精，用治肾阳不足，命门火衰，阳痿精冷，精少不育，多与巴戟天、补骨脂、淫羊藿、鹿茸等配伍，以增强药效。

1. For impotence, low sperm count, and cold semen: This herb warms the kidneys and strengthens yang, treating erectile dysfunction and promoting spermatogenesis. It is used for kidney yang deficiency and decline of fire at the Gate of Vitality, manifesting as impotence, cold sperm, and infertility. It is commonly combined with Morinda root (Bajitian), Psoralea fruit (Buguzhi), Epimedium (Yinyanghuo), and Deer Antler (Lurong) to enhance efficacy.

2．气滞血瘀，胸痹心痛。本品辛散温通，气膻入血，能活血化瘀，通脉止痛，用治心阳不振，心脉痹阻之胸痹心痛症，可单用煎服。亦可配伍丹参、檀香、川芎、桃仁、红花、桂枝等活血化瘀，温经止痛之品同用。
2. For qi stagnation and blood stasis causing chest obstruction and heart pain: This herb is acrid, dispersing, and warming, entering the blood level, capable of activating blood, resolving stasis, unblocking meridians, and relieving pain. It is used for deficient heart yang and blocked heart vessels leading to chest pain. It may be used alone as a decoction or combined with Salvia (Danshen), Sandalwood (Tanxiang), Chuanxiong, Peach Kernel (Taoren), Safflower (Honghua), and Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi) to enhance blood-activating, stasis-resolving, warming, and pain-relieving effects.

3．心悸失眠，胸闷气短。本品养心安神，通心脉，养气血，用治心气不足，心悸怔忡，虚烦不眠、气短乏力，胸闷痞塞之症，常与炙甘草、薤白、桂枝、酸枣仁等同用，或单用亦有良效。
3. For palpitations, insomnia, chest tightness, and shortness of breath: This herb nourishes the heart and calms the spirit, unblocks heart channels, and nourishes qi and blood. It is used for heart qi deficiency presenting as palpitations, restlessness, insomnia, fatigue, and chest oppression. It is often combined with Fried Licorice (Zhigancao), Allium macrostemon (Xiebai), Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi), and Sour Jujube Seed (Suanzaoren), though it is also effective when used alone.

4．外感风寒，寒饮咳嗽。本品辛温发散，甘温壮阳，用治风寒喘咳，有温肺化痰散寒之功。常与荆芥、苏叶、防风等同用，治疗外感风寒；或与细辛、半夏、干姜等同用，治疗寒饮咳嗽。
4. For external contraction of wind-cold and cold-phlegm cough: This herb is pungent-warm and dispersing, sweet-warm and tonifying yang, effective for warming the lungs, transforming phlegm, and dispelling cold in cases of cold-induced cough and wheezing. Commonly combined with Schizonepeta (Jingjie), Perilla Leaf (Zisuye), and Saposhnikovia (Fangfeng) for wind-cold invasion; or with Asarum (Xixin), Pinellia (Banxia), and Dried Ginger (Ganjiang) for cold-phlegm cough.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

多年生草本，高30-80厘米。根长圆锥形，长5-15厘米，径0.3-1厘米。茎直立，有细条纹，密被短柔毛，基部有残留的叶鞘纤维束，上部有少数分枝。
Perennial herb, 30–80 cm tall. Root is long-conical, 5–15 cm long, 0.3–1 cm in diameter. Stem erect, finely striated, densely covered with short soft hairs, with residual leaf sheath fiber bundles at base, and few branches above.

基生叶和茎下部叶有柄，长5-20厘米，被短柔毛；叶片轮廓卵状长圆形，长4-17厘米，宽2-6厘米，1回羽状分裂，小羽片3-5对，有短柄至近无柄，卵形或卵状披针形，长1-4(-7)厘米，宽0.5-2(-4)厘米，基部楔形或钝圆，边缘有缺刻状齿或近于羽状条裂，表面有稀疏的柔毛，背面和叶轴上密被柔毛；
Basal and lower stem leaves petiolate, 5–20 cm long, pubescent; blade broadly ovate-oblong, 4–17 cm × 2–6 cm, once pinnately divided; 3–5 pairs of leaflets, short-petiolate to nearly sessile, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 1–4 (–7) cm × 0.5–2 (–4) cm, cuneate or obtuse at base, margin dentate or nearly pinnatifid; sparsely hairy on upper surface, densely hairy beneath and along rachis.

茎中部叶较基生叶小，叶柄稍短，叶片与基生叶相似，或为2回羽状分裂，末回裂片线形；茎上部叶较小，无柄，叶鞘长卵形或卵形，边缘膜质；叶片羽状分裂，羽片2-3对，或3裂，裂片线形。
Middle stem leaves smaller than basal ones, with shorter petioles, blade similar to basal leaves or twice pinnately divided, ultimate segments linear; upper stem leaves smaller, sessile, sheaths long-ovate or ovate, margins membranous; blades pinnately divided, 2–3 pairs of leaflets or trilobed, lobes linear.

无总苞片和小总苞片；伞辐10-20，长2-3(-4)厘米，纤细，不等长；小伞形花序有花10-25；无萼齿；花瓣卵形或倒卵形，白色，基部楔形，顶端凹陷，有内折的小舌片；花柱基圆锥形，花柱长约为花柱基的2倍或更长。
No bracts or bracteoles; rays 10–20, 2–3 (–4) cm long, slender, unequal; umbellules with 10–25 flowers; no calyx teeth; petals ovate or obovate, white, cuneate at base, apex emarginate with an inwardly folded small lobe; stylopodium conical, style about twice as long as stylopodium or longer.

果实长卵形，长约3毫米，宽约2毫米，果棱线形，无毛；每棱槽内油管3，合生面油管4-6；胚乳腹面平直。花果期6-9月。
Fruit oblong, ca. 3 mm long, 2 mm wide, ridges linear, glabrous; 3 vittae per furrow, 4–6 on commissural face; endosperm ventrally flat. Flowering and fruiting from June to September.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于东北、陕西、内蒙古、河北、山西、台湾、广东、山东等地。
Distributed in Northeast China, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi, Taiwan, Guangdong, Shandong, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔600-1700米的山坡、林下、河边、灌丛中。
Grows on slopes, under forests, along rivers, and in thickets at altitudes of 600–1700 meters.