竹叶心，中药材名。本品为慈竹属植物慈竹Sinocalamusaffinis（Rendle）Mcclure尚未能展开呈筒卷形的嫩叶。功能主治为：清头热，治头昏。
Zhu-ye-xin, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Bamboo Leaf Heart). This product refers to the unexpanded, tubular, and curled tender leaves of Sinocalamus affinis (Rendle) McClure, a plant of the Bambusoideae family. It is used to clear heat from the head and treat dizziness.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

清头热。主治
Clearing heat from the head.治疗。

治头昏。用法用量
Treatment for dizziness. Dosage and administration.

1～3钱，水煎服。相关论述
1-3 qian, decoct in water and take orally. Related discussions.

治痨伤吐血：鲜慈竹花半斤，鲜黄桷树寄生半斤，炖黄牛肉或杀口肉服。植物学信息 形态特征
Treatment for tuberculosis with hemoptysis: half a catty of fresh bamboo flowers, half a catty of fresh mistletoe from the yellow jujube tree, stewed with yellow beef or fresh pork for consumption. Botanical information and morphological characteristics.

竿高5-10米，梢端细长作弧形向外弯曲或幼时下垂如钓丝状，全竿共30节左右，竿壁薄；节间圆筒形，长15-30（60）厘米，径粗3-6厘米，表面贴生灰白色或褐色疣基小刺毛，其长约2毫米，以后毛脱落则在节间留下小凹痕和小疣点；竿环平坦；箨环显著；节内长约1厘米；竿基部数节有时在箨环的上下方均有贴生的银白色绒毛环，环宽5-8毫米，在竿上部各节之箨环则无此绒毛环，或仅于竿芽周围稍具绒毛。箨鞘革质，背部密生白色短柔毛和棕黑色刺毛（惟在其基部一侧之下方即被另一侧所包裹覆盖的三角形地带常无刺毛），腹面具光泽，但因幼时上下竿箨彼此紧裹之故，也会使腹面之上半部粘染上方箨鞘背部的刺毛（此系被刺入而折断者），鞘口宽广而下凹，略呈“山”字形；箨耳无；箨舌呈流苏状，连同繸毛高约1厘米许，紧接繸毛的基部处还疏被棕色小刺毛；箨片两面均被白色小刺毛，具多脉，先端渐尖，基部向内收窄略呈圆形，仅为箨鞘鞘口或箨舌宽度之半，边缘粗糙，内卷如舟状。竿每节约有20条以上的分枝，呈半轮生状簇聚，水平伸展，主枝稍显著，其下部节间长可10厘米，径粗5毫米。末级小枝具数叶乃至多叶；叶鞘长4-8厘米，无毛，具纵肋，无鞘口繸毛；叶舌截形，棕黑色，高1-1.5毫米，上缘啮蚀状细裂；叶片窄披针形，大都长10-30厘米，宽1-3厘米，质薄，先端渐细尖，基部圆形或楔形，上表面无毛，下表面被细柔毛，次脉5-10对，小横脉不存在，叶缘通常粗糙；叶柄长2-3毫米。花枝束生，常甚柔。弯曲下垂，长20-60厘米或更长，节间长1.5-5.5厘米；假小穗长达1.5厘米；小穗轴无毛，粗扁，上部节间长约2毫米；颖0-1，长约6-7毫米；外稃宽卵形，长8-10毫米，具多脉，顶端具小尖头，边缘生纤毛；内稃长7-9毫米，背部2脊上生纤毛，脊间无毛；鳞被3，有时4，形状有变化，一般呈长圆兼披针形，前方的2片长2-3毫米，有时其先端可叉裂，后方1片长3-4毫米，均于边缘生纤毛；雄蕊6，有时可具不发育者而数少，花丝长4-7毫米，花药长4-6毫米，顶端生小刺毛或其毛不明显；子房长1毫米，花柱长4毫米或更短，具微毛，向上呈各式的分裂而成为2-4枚柱头，后者长为3-5毫米（彼此间长短不齐），羽毛状。果实纺锤形，长7.5毫米，上端生微柔毛，腹沟较宽浅，果皮质薄，黄棕色，易与种子分离而为囊果状。笋期6-9月或自12月至翌年3月，花期多在7-9月，但可持续数月之久。分布区域
The stem is 5-10 meters high, with a slender and curved tip that bends outward in an arc shape or hangs down like a fishing line when young. The stem has around 30 sections in total, with thin walls; the internodes are cylindrical, 15-30 (60) centimeters long and 3-6 centimeters in diameter. The surface is covered with gray-white or brownish warts with small prickly hairs, about 2 millimeters long. When the hairs fall off, they leave small concave marks and wart points on the internodes. The stem rings are flat, the sheath rings are prominent, and the internodes are about 1 centimeter long. Sometimes, several sections at the base of the stem have silver-white velvety hairs attached above and below the sheath rings, with a width of 5-8 millimeters. The sheaths around the upper parts of the stem do not have these velvety hairs, or only have them around the stem buds. The sheaths are leathery, densely covered with white short soft hairs and brown-black prickly hairs on the back (except for a triangular area on one side at the base, which is often devoid of prickly hairs due to being covered by the other side). The lower surface is shiny, but due to the tight wrapping of the upper and lower stem sheaths in youth, the upper half of the lower surface may also become contaminated with the prickly hairs from the back of the upper sheath (these are hairs that have been broken off by being inserted). The sheath mouth is wide and concave, slightly resembling the shape of the Chinese character "山". There are no auricles on the sheath, and the sheath tongue is tassel-shaped, about 1 centimeter high, with sparse brown small prickly hairs at the base just below the tassels. Both sides of the sheath blade are covered with white small prickly hairs, have multiple veins, taper gradually at the tip, narrow inwards at the base to a slightly round shape, only half the width of the sheath mouth or sheath tongue, with rough edges and curled in a boat-like shape. Each section of the stem has about 20 or more branches, clustered in a semi-circular pattern, horizontally spreading out, with the main branches slightly prominent. The internodes in the lower part can be up to 10 centimeters long and 5 millimeters in diameter. The terminal twigs have several to many leaves; the leaf sheaths are 4-8 centimeters long, hairless, with longitudinal ribs, and no tassel hairs at the sheath mouth. The leaf tongues are truncate, brown-black, 1-1.5 millimeters high, with finely serrated upper edges. The leaf blades are narrowly lanceolate, mostly 10-30 centimeters long and 1-3 centimeters wide, thin, tapering gradually at the tip, with a rounded or wedge-shaped base. The upper surface is hairless, the lower surface is covered with fine soft hairs, with 5-10 pairs of secondary veins, no minor veins, and usually rough edges. The leaf stalks are 2-3 millimeters long. The flower clusters are often very soft, hanging down in a curved manner, 20-60 centimeters long or longer, with internodes 1.5-5.5 centimeters long; the false spikelets can reach 1.5 centimeters in length; the spikelet axis is hairless, flattened, with upper internodes about 2 millimeters long; there are 0-1 glumes, about 6-7 millimeters long; the outer glume is broadly ovate, 8-10 millimeters long, with multiple veins, a small pointed tip at the top, and fringed edges; the inner glume is 7-9 millimeters long, with fine hairs on the back of the two ridges, and no hairs between the ridges; there are 3, sometimes 4 scales, which vary in shape, generally elongated and lanceolate, with the front 2 pieces being 2-3 millimeters long, sometimes with bifurcated tips, and the rear piece being 3-4 millimeters long, all with fringed edges; there are 6 stamens, sometimes with a few undeveloped ones, the filaments are 4-7 millimeters long, the anthers are 4-6 millimeters long, with small prickly hairs at the top or unclear hairs; the ovary is 1 millimeter long, the style is 4 millimeters long or shorter, with fine hairs, splitting into 2-4 columnar heads in various forms, the latter being 3-5 millimeters long (uneven in length), feather-like. The fruit is spindle-shaped, 7.5 millimeters long, with fine soft hairs at the top, a relatively wide and shallow ventral groove, thin fruit skin, yellow-brown, easily separating from the seeds to form a capsule-like structure. The bamboo shoots appear from June to September or from December to March of the following year, with flowering mostly in July to September, but can last for several months. Distribution area.

广泛分布在中国西南各省。繁殖方式
Widely distributed in various provinces in southwest China. Reproduction method.

小母竹和母竹栽植栽培技术
Cultivation Techniques for Moso Bamboo and Female Bamboo

育苗技术1）圃地选择慈竹的育苗圃地要求土层厚度60cm以上，壤土或砂壤土，pH值5.0-7.5，排灌条件良好，肥力中等水平以上，土壤结构良好，地形平坦或坡度在10°以内的均匀坡地。四川地区的红壤、姜石黄壤由于土壤粘重，石砾过多，排水不良，通气性差，一般不宜选作苗圃地。育苗圃地应尽可能靠近造林地且交通方便。（2）繁殖材料慈竹育苗的繁殖材料主要为小母竹和母竹。慈竹小母竹要求直径2-4cm，秆长60-80cm（秆上带2-4个节），竹苗秆基左右两侧各具2个以上饱满笋芽，根点发育成熟，一般无须根或须根较少，秆基、竹秆无破损，无明显失水，无病虫害。慈竹母竹要求竹龄1年-2年生、无病虫害、节芽饱满、无破损，保留3-4个竹节。采用埋秆育苗的母竹可保8-12个竹节。（3）整地作床育苗圃地应于初冬时节进行深翻，去除石块、草蔸、树根等杂物，同时施入经充分腐熟的厩肥、堆肥或饼肥，每公顷施腐熟的厩肥、堆肥20t-30t，或者沤熟的饼肥5t-8t，并可施用钙镁磷肥或过磷酸钙5t-10t。结合施基肥还可撒施一定量的代森锌粉剂,对土壤进行消毒。次年初春，再行翻耕一次，碎土耙平，然后作床。苗床宽（含步道）1.0-1.2m，高30cm，长度20m-30m，或随地形而定。在5°以上的坡地育苗时，可不作苗床。（4）育苗季节慈竹无性繁殖育苗在2月下旬至4月上旬进行。（5）栽植密度和配置方式慈竹无性繁殖育苗栽植株行距为1.0m×1.0m。栽植点一般采用品字型排列方式配置。栽植方法小母竹栽植将小母竹竹头部分放入60cm×30cm×20cm的长方形栽植穴中央，竹秆倾斜，使竹头上的两排笋芽及竹秆节上的侧芽分别处于竹头和竹秆两侧。放好小母竹后，分层覆土填实，将靠近竹蔸的两个节埋人土中，用细土将栽植穴壅成馒头形。母竹栽植母竹栽植通常有2种方法，采用直立或斜栽的方法同小母竹栽植。采用埋秆育苗的，应先将母竹各节间锯一深度为杆径1/2-3/4的切口，再将其平卧于作好的25cm深的苗床沟内，秆柄向下，节芽向两侧，秆基覆土10-15cm，竹秆覆土6-10cm，用细土覆盖并压实，再在上面覆松散细土。浇水覆盖小母竹、母竹栽好后，应立即用清洁水浇灌，将栽植穴中土壤湿透，并用稻草或农膜覆盖。苗期管理保湿和除草整个育苗期间都应保持圃地土壤湿润，防止积水。苗床应经常除草，除草时注意不要伤及幼苗、蘖苗、嫩笋或松动根部。雨后、浇水或追肥后可适当松土，除草松土时可培土壅蔸。施肥苗圃施肥应坚持“少量多次”的原则。7月初可施人清粪水，8月下旬可在施入清粪水的同时，加入0.3%-0.5%的尿素，9月底可施人少量氯化钾和过磷酸钙。7月-9月上旬应施肥2次-3次，肥料种类为速效的尿素或复合肥，每次用量为尿素25g-50g，复合肥100g-300g；9月下旬起应停止施用速效肥，但可适量施用钾肥。病虫防治
Nursery Techniques: 1) Site Selection The nursery site for cultivating Bambusa multiplex should have a soil layer thickness of over 60cm, loam or sandy loam soil, pH value between 5.0-7.5, good drainage and irrigation conditions, above medium fertility level, good soil structure, and a flat terrain or gently sloping land with a slope of less than 10 degrees. Red soil and ginger yellow soil in Sichuan Province are not suitable for nursery sites due to their heavy texture, excessive gravel, poor drainage, and low air permeability. The nursery site should be located as close as possible to the afforestation site and have convenient transportation. 2) Propagation Materials The main propagation materials for cultivating Bambusa multiplex are small female bamboo and female bamboo. The small female bamboo should have a diameter of 2-4cm, stem length of 60-80cm (with 2-4 nodes on the stem), with 2 or more full shoots on each side of the stem base, mature root points, few or no roots, undamaged stem base, no obvious water loss, and no pests or diseases. The female bamboo should be 1-2 years old, free of pests and diseases, with full nodes, undamaged, and retaining 3-4 nodes. Female bamboo used for buried stem propagation can retain 8-12 nodes. 3) Bed Preparation The nursery site should be deeply plowed in early winter to remove rocks, weeds, tree roots, etc. Organic manure, compost, or cake fertilizer should be applied, with 20-30 tons of well-rotted organic manure or compost per hectare, or 5-8 tons of mature cake fertilizer, along with 5-10 tons of calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer or calcium superphosphate. After applying the base fertilizer, the soil can be disinfected with a certain amount of dithane zinc powder. In early spring of the following year, the soil should be plowed again, leveled, and then beds should be prepared. The nursery bed should be 1.0-1.2m wide (including walkways), 30cm high, and 20-30m long, or adjusted according to the terrain. When cultivating on slopes above 5 degrees, nursery beds may not be necessary. 4) Season for Cultivation The asexual reproduction of Bambusa multiplex should be carried out from late February to early April. 5) Planting Density and Arrangement The planting spacing for asexual reproduction of Bambusa multiplex is 1.0m x 1.0m. The planting points are generally arranged in a zigzag pattern. Planting Method For small female bamboo, the top part should be placed in the center of a rectangular planting hole measuring 60cm x 30cm x 20cm, with the stem inclined, so that the two rows of shoots on the top and the side shoots on the stem nodes are on either side of the stem. After placing the small female bamboo, cover it with soil layer by layer, burying the two nodes near the bamboo shoot in the soil, and shaping the planting hole into a bun shape. For female bamboo, there are usually two planting methods: upright or slanting, similar to small female bamboo planting. For buried stem propagation, each node of the female bamboo should be sawed with a cut depth of half to three-quarters of the stem diameter, then laid flat in a 25cm deep nursery bed trench, with the stem base facing down, nodes to the sides, covered with 10-15cm of soil at the base and 6-10cm on the stem, pressed firmly, and then covered with loose soil. After planting small female bamboo and female bamboo, they should be immediately watered with clean water to moisten the soil in the planting holes, and covered with straw or plastic film. Management during the Seedling Stage Throughout the nursery period, the soil should be kept moist to prevent waterlogging. Weeding should be done regularly, taking care not to damage the seedlings, shoots, young shoots, or loosen the roots. After rain, watering, or fertilization, the soil can be loosened appropriately. Fertilization Fertilization in the nursery should follow the principle of "small amounts multiple times." In early July, liquid manure can be applied, in late August, 0.3%-0.5% urea can be added along with liquid manure, and by the end of September, a small amount of potassium chloride and calcium superphosphate can be applied. Fertilization should be done 2-3 times from July to early September, using quick-acting urea or compound fertilizer, with urea at 25g-50g and compound fertilizer at 100g-300g each time. From late September, stop using quick-acting fertilizers, but potassium fertilizer can be applied in moderation. Pest and Disease Control

常见病虫害慈竹常见病害有竹丛枝病、竹根腐病和笋腐病等，常见虫害有竹螟、竹蚜、竹象、竹蝗和竹螨等。防治方法营林技术措施根据慈竹生态特性，选择适宜区域发展慈竹材用林基地，做到适地适竹、壮苗造林。加强竹林培育，实施翻垦、清园、砍除老竹、病竹、调整立竹密度等措施，改善竹子生长环境，控制病虫繁衍和传播。同时通过灌溉、排水、施肥等措施，促进竹子健壮生长，提高竹林自身抗逆能力。物理防治对竹丛枝病、竹根腐病等应及时防治，清理病源，把带病的竹枝或竹株集中烧毁，防止蔓延。对竹螟、竹笋夜蛾等有趋光性的害虫可采用黑光灯或灯光进行诱杀。对竹象类、金龟子等虫体较大易于辨认的害虫，可进行人工捕捉。化学防治在采取以上防治技术措施仍无效或是病虫害大发生时，可采用化学防治。化学防治必须遵守有关规定，禁止使用剧毒、高毒、高残留农药和致畸、致癌、致突变农药。提倡使用生物源和矿物源农药，推荐使用低毒、低残农药，并严格控制允许使用农药的浓度和剂量。在病虫害防治可应按本规程制定的慈竹材用林主要病虫害防治方法进行，并注意不同作用机理的农药交替使用和合理混用，防止失效，避免害虫产生抗药性。
Common diseases and pests of bamboo include bamboo branch disease, bamboo root rot, and bamboo shoot rot. Common pests include bamboo moth, bamboo aphid, bamboo weevil, bamboo locust, and bamboo mite. Prevention and control methods include forestry techniques based on the ecological characteristics of bamboo, selecting suitable areas for developing bamboo timber forests, ensuring appropriate bamboo species for specific locations, and planting strong seedlings. Strengthening bamboo forest cultivation involves measures such as plowing, clearing gardens, cutting down old and diseased bamboo, adjusting bamboo density, improving the growth environment of bamboo, and controlling the propagation and spread of diseases and pests. Irrigation, drainage, and fertilization are used to promote robust bamboo growth and enhance the forest's resistance to adversity. For physical control, timely prevention and control of diseases such as bamboo branch disease and bamboo root rot are essential. Clearing the sources of infection and burning bamboo branches or plants with diseases can prevent their spread. Light-attracted pests like bamboo moths and bamboo shoot borers can be controlled using black lights or other light sources for attraction and killing. For pests like bamboo weevils and golden beetles that are larger and easier to identify, manual capture can be employed. Chemical control can be used when the above prevention and control measures are ineffective or when there is a severe outbreak of diseases and pests. However, chemical control must comply with relevant regulations, prohibiting the use of highly toxic, highly residual pesticides, as well as pesticides that are teratogenic, carcinogenic, or mutagenic. It is recommended to use bio-based and mineral-based pesticides, low-toxicity, and low-residue pesticides, and strictly control the concentration and dosage of pesticides used. In disease and pest control, it is important to follow the main prevention and control methods for bamboo timber forests as stipulated in the regulations, alternate the use of pesticides with different mechanisms of action, and use them in a rational combination to prevent resistance and avoid the development of pesticide-resistant pests.