芍药花，中药名。为毛茛科植物芍药 Paeonia lactiflora Pall.干燥的花蕾。具有通经活血的功效。主治女经闭、干血痨症、赤白带。
Peony (Shao-, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. o-hua). It refers to the dried flower buds of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., a plant of the family Ranunculaceae. It has the function of promoting blood circulation and regulating menstruation. It is mainly used to treat amenorrhea, tuberculosis with dryness and blood in the sputum, as well as abnormal vaginal discharge.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

通经活血。主治
Promoting blood circulation along the meridians. Used to treat...

女经闭、干血痨症、赤白带。用法用量
Amenorrhea, dry tuberculosis, and red and white vaginal discharge. Dosage and administration.

1-2钱。加工炮制 采收加工
1-2 qian. Processing and preparation of harvested herbs.

在芒种前，花含苞待放时采摘，将花摘下，去掉叶，用纸将花朵包好，以绳穿起挂在房檐下阴干即得。保存方法
Before the Grain Buds solar term, pick the flowers when they are about to bloom. Remove the leaves from the flowers, wrap the flowers in paper, hang them under the eaves with a string, and let them dry in the shade. This is the method for preserving them.

置阴凉通风干燥处，防霉蛀。药材鉴别 药材性状
Place the herbs in a cool, ventilated, and dry place to prevent mold and moth damage. Herb identification and characteristics.

为干燥的花蕾，呈圆球形，大小朵不等，外表黄白色，内呈橙黄色，直径约0.8-1寸，长宽相箏，其叶状苞片。萼片三裂或四裂，浅绿色。野生者花单瓣。栽培者重瓣较多。倒卵形、顶端裂为钝齿形。花柄为四棱状，其抽皱，气芳香，味微苦涩。植物学信息 植物种属
For the dried flower buds, they are spherical in shape, varying in size, with a yellowish-white outer appearance and an orange-yellow interior, with a diameter of about 0.8-1 inch. They are elongated in length and width, with leaf-like bracts. The sepals are three-lobed or four-lobed, light green in color. In the wild, the flowers have a single petal, while cultivated ones have more petals. They are inversely ovate, with blunt tooth-like clefts at the apex. The flower stalk is four-angled, wrinkled, fragrant in smell, and slightly bitter in taste. Botanical information about the plant species.

为毛茛科植物芍药 。形态特征
Peony is a plant of the Ranunculaceae family. Its morphological characteristics include:

多年生宿根草本，高1米左右。具纺锤形的块根，并于地下茎产生新芽，新芽于早春抽出地面。初出叶红色，茎基部常有鳞片状变形叶，中部复叶二回出，小叶矩形或披针形，枝梢的渐小或成单叶。花大且美，有芳香，花生枝顶或生于叶腋；而牡丹花只生于枝顶，这是牡丹与芍药的区别之一。芍药花瓣白、粉、红、紫或黄色，花期4-5月。分布区域
Perennial herbaceous plant with a height of about 1 meter. It has spindle-shaped tuberous roots, and new shoots are produced from underground rhizomes, which emerge from the ground in early spring. The leaves are initially red when they first appear, and there are often scale-like modified leaves at the base of the stem. The middle part of the stem has compound leaves that are bipinnate, with small rectangular or lanceolate leaflets, and the branches gradually become smaller or develop into single leaves. The flowers are large and beautiful, fragrant, and they grow at the top of the branches or in the leaf axils. Unlike peonies, which only bloom at the top of the branches, this is one of the differences between peonies and peonies. The petals of the peony can be white, pink, red, purple, or yellow, and it blooms from April to May. This plant is distributed in certain regions.

分布：辽宁、吉休、黑龙江、河北、山东、安徽、淅江、河南、四川、山两、陕两、内蒙古等地多有栽培。生长环境
Distribution: Cultivated in many areas such as Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Sichuan, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, etc. Growing environment.

芍药性耐寒，在我国北方都可以露地越冬，土质以深厚的壤土最适宜，以湿润土壤生长最好，但排水必须良好。积水尤其是冬季很容易使芍药肉质根腐烂，所以低洼地、盐碱地均不宜栽培。生长见习
Peonies are cold-resistant and can overwinter outdoors in northern China. They prefer deep and fertile soil, with moist soil being the best for growth, but good drainage is necessary. Stagnant water, especially in winter, can easily cause the fleshy roots of peonies to rot, so low-lying areas and saline-alkali land are not suitable for cultivation.

芍药性喜肥，圃地要深翻并施入充分的腐熟厩肥，在阳光充足处生长最好。繁殖方式
Peonies prefer fertile soil, so the field should be deeply tilled and well-matured stable manure should be applied. They grow best in sunny locations. As for propagation methods...

芍药的繁殖有播种、扦插和分株法，通常以分株繁殖为主。栽培技术
Peony can be propagated by sowing, cutting, and division, with division being the main method. Cultivation techniques.

分株期以九月下旬至十月上旬为宜，将根株掘起，震落附土，用刀切开，使每个根丛具2-3芽，最好3-5芽，然后将分株根丛栽植在准备好的圃地。如果分株根丛较大(具3-5芽)，第二年可能有花，但形小，不如摘除使植株生长良好。根从小的(2-3芽)，第二年生长不良或不开花，一般要培养2-5年。播种繁殖以种子成熟后采下即播种为宜，越迟播发芽率越低。芍药种子有上胚轴休眠现象，播种后当年秋天生根，次年春暖后芽才出土。幼苗生长缓慢，有的芽3-4年才可开花，还有到第5-6年才开花的。扦插法可用根插或茎插。秋季分株时可收集断根，切成5-10cm段，埋插在10-15cm深的土中。茎插法在开花前两周左右，取茎的中间部分由二节构成插穗，插温床沙土中约一寸半探，要求遮荫并经常浇水，一个半月至两个月后既能发根，并形成休眠芽。病虫防治
The best time for dividing peonies is from late September to early October. Dig up the root clumps, shake off the soil, and use a knife to cut them open, ensuring that each root clump has 2-3 buds, preferably 3-5 buds. Then plant the divided root clumps in a prepared garden bed. If the divided root clumps are large (with 3-5 buds), they may flower in the second year, but the flowers will be small and it is better to remove them to promote healthy plant growth. Smaller root clumps (2-3 buds) may not grow well or flower in the second year and generally require 2-5 years of cultivation.For seed propagation, it is best to collect mature seeds and sow them immediately. The later the sowing, the lower the germination rate. Peony seeds exhibit dormancy in the upper embryo axis. After sowing, they will root in the autumn of the same year and the buds will emerge in the spring of the following year when the weather warms up. Seedlings grow slowly, with some taking 3-4 years to flower, and others taking 5-6 years.Propagation by cuttings can be done using root cuttings or stem cuttings. During autumn division, collect root cuttings, cut them into 5-10 cm segments, and bury them in soil 10-15 cm deep. Stem cuttings should be taken from the middle part of the stem, consisting of two nodes, about two weeks before flowering. Insert the cuttings into sandy soil in a propagating bed to a depth of about one and a half inches, ensuring shade and regular watering. After one and a half to two months, they will root and form dormant buds.Disease and pest control.

芍药炭疽病症状：叶、叶柄及茎上均可受感染。叶部病斑初为长圆形，后略呈下陷；数日后扩大成不整形的黑褐色不规则的大型病斑。天气潮湿时病斑表面出现粉红色发粘的孢子堆，为病菌分生孢子和胶质的混合物。严重时病叶下垂，叶面密生病菌的孢子堆。茎上病斑与叶上产生的相似，严重时会引起折倒。病原：牡丹炭疽病病原菌，属腔孢纲、黑盘孢目、盘长孢属。分生孢子盘圆盘状，初埋生于寄主表面下，后外露。分生孢子椭圆形或圆柱形。传染途径：以菌丝体在病叶或病茎上越冬，翌年分生孢子盘产生分生孢子，借风雨传播，从伤口侵入危害。8-9月份降雨多的年份发病重。盆栽放置过密，浇水不当，如晚间浇水，水分容易在叶面滞留，有利病菌分生孢子融化和萌发侵入，易病重。防治方法：1、清除病源:病害流行期及时摘除病叶，防止再次侵染为害。秋冬彻底清除地面病残体连同遗留枝叶，集中高温腐沤，减少次年初侵染源。2、药剂防治:喷药最好在发病初期，常用药剂可选：80％炭疽福美可湿性粉剂800倍液；50％多菌灵可湿性粉剂500-800倍液；50％甲基托布津湿性粉剂500-800倍液；365甲基托布津浮剂500倍液；50％多硫悬浮剂500倍液等。每七八天喷一次，连喷二三次，喷药遇雨后补喷。也可用75％百菌清可湿性粉剂1000倍液加70％甲基托布津可湿性粉剂1000倍液，防治效果比单一使用好。
Symptoms of peony anthracnose: Leaves, petioles, and stems can all be infected. The initial lesions on the leaves are oval-shaped, slightly sunken, and later expand into irregularly shaped large dark brown lesions. In humid weather, pink sticky spore masses appear on the surface of the lesions, which are a mixture of the pathogen's conidia and gel. In severe cases, the infected leaves droop, covered with spore masses. The lesions on the stems are similar to those on the leaves and can cause bending when severe. Pathogen: The causal agent of peony anthracnose is a fungus belonging to the class Sordariomycetes, order Xylariales, and genus Colletotrichum. The conidial discs are circular, initially buried beneath the host surface and later exposed. The conidia are oval or cylindrical in shape. Transmission: The fungus overwinters as mycelium on infected leaves or stems, and the following year conidial discs produce conidia, which are spread by wind and rain, entering through wounds to cause infection. The disease is more severe in years with heavy rainfall in August and September. Overcrowding of potted plants, improper watering practices such as watering in the evening leading to water retention on leaf surfaces, favor the melting and germination of spores, increasing disease severity. Control measures: 1. Remove sources of infection: Timely removal of infected leaves during the epidemic period to prevent re-infection. Thoroughly remove ground debris including leftover branches and leaves in autumn and winter, compost them at high temperatures to reduce the initial infection sources for the next year. 2. Chemical control: It is best to spray fungicides at the early stage of the disease. Commonly used fungicides include: 80% wettable powder of anthracnose Fomicid at 800 times dilution; 50% wettable powder of carbendazim at 500-800 times dilution; 50% wettable powder of thiophanate-methyl at 500-800 times dilution; 365 methyl thiophanate suspension at 500 times dilution; 50% sulfur suspension at 500 times dilution, etc. Spray once every seven to eight days, repeat two to three times, and reapply after rain. A mixture of 75% wettable powder of Bordeaux mixture at 1000 times dilution and 70% wettable powder of thiophanate-methyl at 1000 times dilution can also be used, which shows better control effects than using a single fungicide.